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| caption = Duryodhana showing his army to [[Drona]] | | caption = Duryodhana showing his army to [[Drona]] | ||
| aliases = Suyodhana | | aliases = Suyodhana | ||
| spouse =[[ | | spouse = [[Mayuri (wife of Duryodhana)|Mayuri]] and [[Bhanumati (Mahabharata)|Bhanumati]] | ||
| | | | ||
| weapon = [[Gada (mace)]] | | weapon = [[Gada (mace)]] | ||
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==Birth== | ==Birth== | ||
When [[Gandhari (character)|Gandhari's]] pregnancy continued for an unusually long period of time, Her mother-in-law Ambika and Ambalika were very upset with her. Pandu and Kunti earlier bore a son whom they named Yudhishthira. So she beat her womb in frustration. This caused a hardened mass of grey-coloured flesh to issue from her womb. She implored [[Vyasa]], the great sage who had blessed her as "Shata Putra Praptirasthu" (Sanskrit for "blessed with a hundred sons"), to redeem his words. Vyasa divided the ball of flesh into one hundred and one equal pieces and put them in pots of [[milk]], which were sealed and buried into the earth for two years. At the end of the second year, the first pot was opened, and Duryodhana emerged.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m01/m01116.htm |title=The Mahabharata, Book 1: Adi Parva: Sambhava Parva: Section CXV |publisher=Sacred-texts.com |access-date=2014-08-15}}</ref> | When [[Gandhari (character)|Gandhari's]] pregnancy continued for an unusually long period of time, Her mother-in-law Ambika and Ambalika were very upset with her. Pandu and Kunti earlier bore a son whom they named Yudhishthira. So she beat her womb in frustration. This caused a hardened mass of grey-coloured flesh to issue from her womb. She implored [[Vyasa]], the great sage who had blessed her as "Shata Putra Praptirasthu" (Sanskrit for "blessed with a hundred sons"), to redeem his words. Vyasa divided the ball of flesh into one hundred and one equal pieces and put them in pots of [[milk]], which were sealed and buried into the earth for two years. At the end of the second year, the first pot was opened, and Duryodhana emerged.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m01/m01116.htm |title=The Mahabharata, Book 1: Adi Parva: Sambhava Parva: Section CXV |publisher=Sacred-texts.com |access-date=2014-08-15}}</ref> | ||
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== Marriage and children == | == Marriage and children == | ||
In the [[Stri Parva]] of Mahabharata, Gandhari mentioned the wife of Duryodhana and mother of Laxman. In the [[Shanti Parva]], sage Narada narrated the marriage of Duryodhana with the daughter of King Chitrangada of Kalinga. In the Mahabharata, the wife of Duryodhana is unnamed but by most sources, Duryodhana had only one wife, who was named | In the [[Stri Parva]] of Mahabharata, Gandhari mentioned the wife of Duryodhana and mother of Laxman. In the [[Shanti Parva]], sage Narada narrated the marriage of Duryodhana with the daughter of King Chitrangada of Kalinga. In the Mahabharata, the wife of Duryodhana is unnamed but by most sources, Duryodhana had only one wife, who was named Mayuri in later interpolations and plays generally play Bhanumati in higher percent.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sharma|first=Arvind|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnCxH85Vra4C&q=duryodhana+wife&pg=PA298|title=Essays on the Mahābhārata|date=2007|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishe|isbn=978-81-208-2738-7|language=en}}</ref> | ||
According to the story found in ''Mahabharata'', Duryodhana abducted King | According to the story found in ''Mahabharata'', Duryodhana abducted King Vasantraja's daughter, the maiden of the fairest complexion, from her [[swayamvara]] with the help of his best friend [[Karna]] in the wake of having been rejected by her. It is described that he loved her immensely. On reaching Hastinapur, Duryodhana justified his act by giving the example of his great grandfather [[Bhishma]] abducting three princesses of Kashi for his stepbrother. <ref>{{Cite book|last=Anonymous|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ygA2240G74kC&q=Narada+said%2C+%27Having+thus+obtained+weapons+from+him+of+Bhrigu%27s+race%2C+Karna+began+to+pass+his+days+in+great+joy%2C+in+the+company+of+Duryodhana%2C+O+bull+of+Bharata%27s+race.&pg=PT7783|title=The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa (Complete)|publisher=Library of Alexandria|isbn=978-1-4655-2637-3|language=en}}</ref> | ||
[[Laxman Kumara]] and [[Lakshmanaa]] were the children of Duryodhana and Mayuri.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Complete Life of Krishna: Based on the Earliest Oral Traditions and the Sacred Scriptures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LFwoDwAAQBAJ&q=lakshmana+daughter+of+duryodhana&pg=PT171|publisher=Simon and Schuster|author=Vanamali|access-date=22 May 2012|isbn = 9781594776908|year=2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/iml/iml23.htm |title=Indian Myth and Legend: Chapter XVIII. The Battle of Eighteen Days |publisher=Sacred-texts.com }}</ref> Little is revealed about them in the ''Mahabharata'' other than Laxman's death in the Kurukshetra War and Laxmanaa's marriage to [[Krishna]]'s son [[Samba (Krishna's son)|Samba]]. | [[Laxman Kumara]] and [[Lakshmanaa]] were the children of Duryodhana and Mayuri.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Complete Life of Krishna: Based on the Earliest Oral Traditions and the Sacred Scriptures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LFwoDwAAQBAJ&q=lakshmana+daughter+of+duryodhana&pg=PT171|publisher=Simon and Schuster|author=Vanamali|access-date=22 May 2012|isbn = 9781594776908|year=2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/iml/iml23.htm |title=Indian Myth and Legend: Chapter XVIII. The Battle of Eighteen Days |publisher=Sacred-texts.com }}</ref> Little is revealed about them in the ''Mahabharata'' other than Laxman's death in the Kurukshetra War and Laxmanaa's marriage to [[Krishna]]'s son [[Samba (Krishna's son)|Samba]]. | ||
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After the Pandavas revealed that they had survived the wax house, with [[Draupadi|a new wife]] to boot, [[Bhishma]] suggested that the kingdom be divided in order to ease the obvious tension. [[Yudhishthira]] is given half the kingdom and made king of [[Khandavprastha]], so as to avoid a clash with the Kaurava princes over the whole [[Kuru Kingdom]]. Duryodhana became the crown prince of [[Hastinapura]], and owing to the age and blindness of his father, he accumulated much control and influence, managing the state affairs himself with a group of his advisers that included his uncle [[Shakuni]], brother [[Dushasana]], Bhishma, Vidura, and [[Karna]]. | After the Pandavas revealed that they had survived the wax house, with [[Draupadi|a new wife]] to boot, [[Bhishma]] suggested that the kingdom be divided in order to ease the obvious tension. [[Yudhishthira]] is given half the kingdom and made king of [[Khandavprastha]], so as to avoid a clash with the Kaurava princes over the whole [[Kuru Kingdom]]. Duryodhana became the crown prince of [[Hastinapura]], and owing to the age and blindness of his father, he accumulated much control and influence, managing the state affairs himself with a group of his advisers that included his uncle [[Shakuni]], brother [[Dushasana]], Bhishma, Vidura, and [[Karna]]. | ||
But Duryodhana remained jealous of Yudhishthira, especially after the Pandavas along with [[Krishna]] transformed Khandavaprastha to [[Indraprastha]]. Moreover, Yudhishthira performed the [[Rajasuya|Rajasuya Yagna]] and gained authority over several other kingdoms; Indraprastha's prosperity and fame appeared to exceed Hastinapura's. Duryodhana was unable to contain his anger, which was intensified when [[Bhima]], [[Arjuna]], the twins and the servants laughed at him when he slipped into a pool of water during a visit to Indraprastha. | But Duryodhana remained jealous of Yudhishthira, especially after the Pandavas along with [[Krishna]] transformed Khandavaprastha to [[Indraprastha]]. Moreover, Yudhishthira performed the [[Rajasuya|Rajasuya Yagna]] and gained authority over several other kingdoms; Indraprastha's prosperity and fame appeared to exceed Hastinapura's. Duryodhana was unable to contain his anger, which was intensified when [[Bhima]], [[Arjuna]], the twins and the servants laughed at him when he slipped into a pool of water during a visit to Indraprastha. | ||
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==Gada-Yuddha== | ==Gada-Yuddha== | ||
[[File:Bhima fighting Duryodhana.jpg|left|175px|thumb|Bhima fighting with Duryodhana, [[Kalighat painting]]]] | [[File:Bhima fighting Duryodhana.jpg|left|175px|thumb|Bhima fighting with Duryodhana, [[Kalighat painting]]]] | ||
[[File:Duryodhana_found_in_the_lake.jpg|thumb|Duryodhana Found in The Lake]] | [[File:Duryodhana_found_in_the_lake.jpg|thumb|Duryodhana Found in The Lake]] | ||
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Bhanumati and Karna could only look at each other in shock, mutely, feeling ashamed at the way they had both severely misjudged him. He had implicit faith and great love for his queen, and even greater was his faith in his friend Karna. Not for a moment did he suspect that the man he had considered his brother would ever betray him, and only quietly picked up the pearls trustfully. This story is not present in the [[Vyasa|Vyasa Mahabharata]], but is often commonly told when discussing Karna and Duryodhana's genuine friendship.<ref>https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/93789/5/05_chapter%203.pdf</ref> | Bhanumati and Karna could only look at each other in shock, mutely, feeling ashamed at the way they had both severely misjudged him. He had implicit faith and great love for his queen, and even greater was his faith in his friend Karna. Not for a moment did he suspect that the man he had considered his brother would ever betray him, and only quietly picked up the pearls trustfully. This story is not present in the [[Vyasa|Vyasa Mahabharata]], but is often commonly told when discussing Karna and Duryodhana's genuine friendship.<ref>https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/93789/5/05_chapter%203.pdf</ref> | ||
===Modern Worship=== | ===Modern Worship=== | ||