Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|A group of residential schools for gifted students in India}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}

  | image                  = JNV Logo.svg

  | image_size              = 100px

  | alt                    =

| location               = All over India except state of Tamil Nadu

  | country                = India

  | coordinates            = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LON|display=inline,title}} -->

| motto                  = ''[[Mahāvākyas|Prajñānam Brahma]]''{{efn|from [[Aitareya Upanishad]] 3.3 of the [[Rig Veda]]}}

| motto_translation      = "Knowing is [[Brahma]]"

  | established            = {{Start date and age|1986}}

  | closed                 =  

| district                =  

  | grades                  = VI - XII

  | principal               =  

  | staff                  =  

| faculty                =

  | gender                 =  

| age_range              = 11 {{ndash}} 19 yrs

| students                = 287,987<ref>https://navodaya.gov.in/nvs/en/Academic/Student-Profile/</ref>

  | enrollment_as_of        = 31 March 2020

  | campus_size            =5-20 Acres each school

  | chairman                = [[ Dharmendra Pradhan]]

'''Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas''' ('''JNV'''s) are a system of central schools for talented students predominantly from rural area in India. They are run by [[Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti]], [[New Delhi]], an autonomous organization under the [[Department of School Education and Literacy]], [[Ministry of Education]] (MoE){{efn|formerly called, the [[Ministry of Human Resource Development]] (MHRD) (1985–2020)}}, [[Government of India]]. JNVs are fully residential and co-educational schools affiliated to [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE), [[New Delhi (Lok Sabha constituency)|New Delhi]], with classes from [[Sixth grade|VI]] to [[Twelfth grade#India|XII standard]].  

JNVs are specifically tasked with finding talented children in rural areas of India and providing them with an education equivalent to the best residential school system, without regard to their families' socio-economic condition.<ref name="school overview">{{cite web|title=NVS Overview|url=http://www.navodaya.gov.in/welcome%20sbs.htm|access-date=2 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330133247/http://www.navodaya.gov.in/welcome%20sbs.htm|archive-date=30 March 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Budget for Education, Boarding and activities at JNVs are provided by Ministry of Education, Government of India and it's free of cost for the students during the 7 years of stay.

JNVs exist all over India, with the exception of [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/samithi-pitch-for-navodaya-schools/article2566316.ece|title=Navodyas in Tamil Nadu|date=24 October 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=10 March 2017}}</ref> As of 30 September 2019, 636 JNVs were running with about 265,574 students enrolled, out of which 206,728 (~78%) were from rural areas. In 2019, JNVs were the top-ranked C.B.S.E. schools, having a pass percentage of 98.57% and 96.62% in 10th and 12th grades respectively.<ref>{{cite web|title=Blueprint JNV 2.0|website=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/blogs/as-it-is/blueprint-for-jawahar-navodaya-vidyalaya-2-0//|access-date=7 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Establishment of JNVs|url=https://navodaya.gov.in/nvs/en/Home1|access-date=10 March 2017}}</ref>

As per policy of the government, one JNV was to be established in [[List of districts in India|each district]] of country. To start with, two Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas were established during 1985–86, at [[Jhajjar]] (Haryana) and [[Amravati]] (Maharashtra).<ref name="mhrdreport2014-15" /> As of the 2015–16 academic session, JNVs had been sanctioned for 576 districts. In addition, ten JNVs have been sanctioned in districts having a large population of [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|ST population]], ten in districts having a large concentration of [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|SC population]] and two special JNVs in [[Manipur]], bringing the total number of sanctioned JNVs to 598.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://navodaya.gov.in/nvs/en/Home1|title=Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti|work=NVS|access-date=2016-11-04}}</ref> Out of these 591 JNVs are functional.<ref name="pibnews">{{Cite news|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=154199|title=Cabinet approves setting up of Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas in 62 uncovered districts of the country|date=23 November 2016|access-date=11 March 2017|work=Press Information Bureau, Government of India}}</ref> In November 2016, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved the opening of one JNV in each of the 62 uncovered districts.<ref name="pibnews" /> That will bring the total number of JNVs to 660 once operational.

The Samiti functions through the Executive Committee under the Chairmanship of the [[Minister of Education (India)|Minister of Education]]. The Executive Committee is responsible for the management of all affairs including allocation of funds to the Samiti and has the authority to exercise all powers of Samiti. It is assisted by two sub-committees, the Finance Committee and Academic Advisory Committee.<ref name="nvsorganization" /> The executive head of the administrative pyramid is the [[Commissioner]] who executes the policies laid down by the Samiti's Executive Committee. He/she is assisted at the Headquarters level by Joint Commissioners, Deputy Commissioners and Assistant Commissioners. The Samiti has established eight regional offices for the administration and monitoring of Navodaya Vidyalayas under their jurisdiction. These offices are headed by a deputy commissioner and assistant commissioners.<ref name="nvsorganization" />

For each JNV, there is a Vidyalaya Advisory Committee for assistance on matters of academics, infrastructure and other general activities and a Vidyalaya Management Committee for budget preparation, selection of ad-hoc teachers and proper functioning of the school.<ref name="nitiaayogreport" /> Normally the [[district collector]] of the concerned district is the [[Ex officio member|ex-officio]] chairman of school level committees with local educationists, public representatives and officers from the district as members. Some schools also have a Vidhyalaya Coordination Committee for looking after performance of academics.<ref name="nitiaayogreport" /><ref name="nvsorganization" />

|[[Chandigarh]](1), [[Himachal Pradesh]] (12), [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|J&K]] (23), [[Punjab]] (23)

Admission to Class VI of the JNVs requires qualification in the (JNVST), an entrance exam designed, developed and conducted by the [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]].<ref name="cbseannualreport">{{cite web|url=http://49.50.70.100/web_material/annualreport/2015-16/CBSE%20Annual%20Reprot%202015-16.pdf|title=CBSE Annual Report 2015-16|pages=37–38|access-date=10 March 2017}}</ref> JNVST for Class VI is conducted annually throughout the country to select the 80 most meritorious students for each JNV. It is conducted in three phases per year, depending upon the session structure in the specific state or union territory.<ref name="cbseannualreport" /> Candidates can apply for the test only once during their Class V. Competition in the entrance exam can be gauged from fact that in JNVST 2015, a total of 1,878.15 thousand students appeared and 41.48 thousand students were selected (i.e. approx 2% pass percentage)<ref name="cbseannualreport" /> The test encompasses mental ability skills, mathematics, and [[regional language]]. The schools provide reservation as per NVS policy which encompasses reservation for ST and SC (but not OBC),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/education/story/no-reservation-obc-jnv/1/859507.html|title=No reservation for OBC in JNV is an anomaly: Union Minister of State for HRD|publisher=[[India Today]]|date=17 January 2017|access-date=10 March 2017}}</ref> at least 75% selection of students from rural areas, maximum 25% from urban areas, fixed 33% for female students and 3% for disabled candidates.

To compensate for attrition and optimally utilize seats, JNVST, developed by CBSE, is also conducted for a admission to Class IX<ref name="cbseannualreport" /> and lateral admissions, based on merit in Class X, are made for Class XI.

JNVs have classes from [[Sixth grade|VI]] to [[Twelfth grade#India|XII standard]]. A particular JNV usually provides two streams among Science, Arts and Commerce for Class XI and XII. JNVs are known for their academic excellence,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/document_publication/report-nvs.pdf#page=77|title=Evaluation Study on Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti(Ch-15: Education with Excellence)|pages=77–92|work=[[NITI Aayog]], GoI|access-date=18 March 2017}}</ref> which can be attributed to their merit-based entrance test and unique climate provided for otherwise disadvantaged children,<ref name="NVS, GoI">{{cite web|url=https://sarkarieyojana.in/jawahar-navoday-vidyalay-admission-form-2023/|title=Migartion of Students for National Integration|work=NVS, GoI|access-date=18 October 2022}}</ref> and which is further proven by their performance at [[board examination]]s. More than half of JNVs have been equipped with smart classes. These schools regularly organize science congress and exhibitions to promote a research mindset.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Bangalore-students-part-of-science-fest-in-LA/articleshow/35081797.cms|title=Bangalore students part of science fest in LA|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=14 May 2014}}</ref>

JNVs has consistently produced the best results in CBSE board examinations over the years.<ref name="nvsacademic">{{cite web|url=https://navodaya.gov.in/nvs/en/Home1|title=Academic Activities|work=NVS|access-date=17 March 2017}}</ref> In 2015{{ndash}}16 results, JNVs had a pass percentage of, 98.87% in [[All India Secondary School Examination|Class X board exams]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/education/cbse-class-10-results-perfect-10-cgpa-for-1-68-541-students/story-llCvnjxOKmN4iCIajHMSjM.html|title=CBSE Class 10 results|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=28 May 2016|access-date=17 March 2017}}</ref> and 96.73% in [[All India Senior School Certificate Examination|Class XII board exams]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/education/10-things-to-know-about-cbse-class-12-exam-results-2016/story-l7hRdkV7DvdDzXgxjqAf3M.html|title=10 things to know about CBSE Class 12 exam results 2016|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=22 May 2016|access-date=17 March 2017}}</ref> The pass percentage for JNVs has been higher than independent private schools, government schools and even [[Kendriya Vidyalaya]]s. Quality of performance in the Board examinations have been exemplary with average score of about 75% in Grade 12th and 78% in class 10th, with more than 89% students scoring First Division scores, in the Board Examinations 2019.

Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti provides for various experiences leading to science promotion and motivation to students to select STEM as their career. Various activities under this include:

visit to Research Institutes,  

Entrepreneurial skill trainings.'''

The annual Science Congress is organized annually in collaboration with [[research institute]]s and [[List of Institutes of National Importance|institutes of national importance]] at regional level. [[Exhibition]]s are organized at school, cluster, regional and national level for [[physics]], [[chemistry]] [[Biology]] and [[maths]].

Navodaya Vidyalayas in collaboration with [[Samsung|Samsung India]] set up smart classes in 450 JNVs and 7 Navodaya Leadership Institutes from 2013 to 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/Replacing-the-chalk-and-the-blackboard/article16995093.ece|title=Replacing the chalk and the blackboard|work=The Hindu|date=6 January 2017|access-date=18 March 2017}}</ref> A smart class is typically equipped with an interactive [[Smartboard]], [[laptop]]s/[[Tablet computer|tablet]]s, [[Wi-Fi]] connectivity and power backup. A smart class supplements regular lessons in [[mathematics]], [[science]] [[social science]], [[English language|English]], and [[Hindi]] to explain concepts in an engaging and interactive manner. Teachers are trained to use the equipment effectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/education/smasung-smart-class-takes-digital-literacy-to-rural-india/articleshow/55647821.cms|title=Samsung Smart Class takes digital literacy to rural India|work=Economic Times|date=27 November 2016}}</ref>

The social milieu of JNVs is defined by the mingling of different sections of society from various regions of India since these schools follow the [[Reservation in India|affirmative action policy]] and have a policy for [[#Migration|migration]] from different linguistic regions. Teachers, chosen from across the country, live in the same campus and interact with students on 24X7 basis leading to a familial feeling.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/Where-the-gates-open-to-academic-excellence/articleshow/47847129.cms|title=Where the gates open to academic excellence|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=28 June 2016}}</ref>

One of the important features of the JNV scheme is the Migration Programme wherein two linked JNVs of different [[#Three Language Formula|linguistic categories]] exchange students between them.<ref name="NVS, GoI"/> The aim of the exchange program is to "promote national integration and enrich social content".<ref name="nitireportch13" /> According to the scheme, a selected 30% of Class IX students are exchanged between two linked JNVs of different linguistic categories (generally between Hindi-speaking and non-Hindi-speaking states) for one year. During the migration period the three languages being taught to migrated students remain the same as in their parent JNV, but social and cultural exchanges are facilitated by their language learning in Class VI to IX.<ref name="nitireportch13" /> Initially migration was envisaged for students from Class IX to Class XII; it was reduced to two years (Class IX and Class X) in 1991–92. Finally in 1996-97 it was confined to only Class IX students.<ref name="nitireportch13" />

Emulating the concept of residential schools for talented children, [[Odisha|Odisha State]] plans to set up one [[Odisha Adarsha Vidyalaya]] (OAV) (literally "Odisha Model School") at each of 314 block headquarters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oavs.in/about.html|title=About Us|work=Odisha Adarsha Vidyalaya Sangathan|access-date=18 March 2017}}</ref> 160 schools have already been launched.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/Odisha-launches-100-Adarsha-Vidyalayas/articleshow/51701895.cms|title=Odisha launches 100 Adarsha Vidyalayas|publisher=[[Times of India]]|date=5 April 2016|access-date=18 March 2017}}</ref> These Adarsha Vidyalayas would be [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]]-affiliated fully residential schools, provide free education, and target talented students through an annual entrance examination. These would have Class VI through Class XII and each class would have 80 students. These schools would be administered through Odisha Adarsha Vidyalaya Sangathan, a society registered under the Society Registration Act of Odisha.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/naveen-launches-adarsh-vidyalaya-project/article8438969.ece|title=Naveen launches Adarsh Vidyalaya project|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=6 April 2016|access-date=18 March 2017}}</ref>

== Concerns over care given to students ==

Incidents of suicide among students and the lack of apparatus to engage with such issues concerning health and discrimination plague the schools.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2019-02-04|title=Navodayas struggle with student suicides: Overworked teachers, lack of counsellors|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jawahar-navodaya-vidyalayas-children-suicide-dalit-jnv-5508412/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-16|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN}}</ref> This has affected the Dalit and Tribal students more and there is no method in place to avoid such incidents.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/jawahar-navodaya-vidyalayas-suicides-schools-dalit-tribal-jnv-5506564/|title=Suicides in Navodaya schools: 49 in 5 years, half of them Dalit and tribal students|date=2019-02-04|website=The Indian Express|language=en-IN|access-date=2019-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/jul/22/this-place-is-like-hell-navodaya-vidyalaya-tribal-student-allegedly-kills-self-in-hostel-leaves-note-2007705.html|title='This place is like hell': Navodaya Vidyalaya tribal student allegedly kills self in hostel, leaves 'note'|website=The New Indian Express|access-date=2019-10-03}}</ref> There is no system in place to report the cases of inadequate care and abuse by staff, much of attention from the school administration in the form of mundane bureaucratic procedures comes after the occurrence of violation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/lakhimpur-fir-against-jnv-teacher-for-molesting-class-7-student/story-3EZO5inC0DkzTyOf4TjC4M.html|title=Lakhimpur: FIR against JNV teacher for 'molesting' Class 7 student|date=2018-04-26|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=2019-10-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2019/state-editions/parents----demand-for-cbi-probe-forwarded-to-govt.html|title=Parents' demand for CBI probe forwarded to govt|last=Pioneer|first=The|website=The Pioneer|language=en|access-date=2019-10-03}}</ref>

*[[Sanjeev Mohapatra]], Indian cinematographer

*[[V. T. Balram|V.T. Balram]], current MLA of Thrithala Constituency, Kerala since May 2011

*[[Dheeraj Singh Moirangthem]], [[Indian Under-17 football team]] member and [[FC Goa]] player

*[[Pawandeep Rajan]], Musician