Indian people: Difference between revisions

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}

| population      = {{circa|'''1.4 billion'''}}

| popplace        = [[Non-resident Indian and Overseas Citizen of India|Indian diaspora]]:<br/>{{circa|'''17.9 million'''}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Ruchi |date=2022-03-07 |title=Origin of World's Largest Migrant Population, India Seeks to Leverage Immigration |url=https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/india-migration-country-profile |access-date=2022-11-05 |website=migrationpolicy.org |language=en}}</ref>

[[Kokborok|Tripuri]] | [[Tulu language|Tulu]] | [[Urdu]]}}<!--Note. Names of languages here are as listed on Schedule 8 for accuracy. Do not update here, but in main text appropriately-->

| religions        = '''Majority:'''{{hlist| [[Hinduism]]}}

}}

==Ethnonym==

{{Main|Names for India}}

<blockquote>

:उत्तरं यत्समुद्रस्य हिमाद्रेश्चैव दक्षिणम् ।

During the early medieval period the great [[Rashtrakuta dynasty]] governed most of the Indian subcontinent from the 8th to 10th centuries and the Indian Emperor [[Amoghavarsha]] of the Rashtrakuta Dynasty was described by the Arab traveller Sulaiman as one of the four great kings of the world.<ref>The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond; Acyuta Yājñika, Suchitra Sheth, Penguins Books, (2005), p.42, {{ISBN|978-0-14400-038-8}}</ref> The medieval south Indian mathematician [[Mahāvīra (mathematician)|Mahāvīra]] lived in the [[Rashtrakuta dynasty]] and was the first Indian mathematician who separated astrology from mathematics and who wrote the earliest Indian text entirely devoted to mathematics.<ref>The Math Book: From Pythagoras to the 57th Dimension, 250 Milestones by Clifford A. Pickover: page 88</ref> The greatest maritime empire of the medieval Indians was the [[Chola dynasty]]. Under the great Indian Emperors [[Rajaraja Chola I]] and his successor [[Rajendra Chola I]] the Chola dynasty became a military, economic and cultural power in [[South Asia]] and [[South-East Asia]].<ref name=kulke115>Kulke and Rothermund, p 115</ref><ref name=keay215>Keay, p 215</ref> The power of the [[Chola empire]] was proclaimed to the eastern world by the expedition to the [[Ganges]] which [[Rajendra Chola I]] undertook and by the occupation of cities of the maritime empire of [[Srivijaya]] in [[Southeast Asia]], as well as by the repeated embassies to China.<ref name="sastri158">[[K.A. Nilakanta Sastri]], ''A History of South India'', p 158</ref>

The [[Mughal Empire]] consolidated much of the Indian sub-continent under a single realm. Under the Mughals, India developed a strong and stable economy, leading to commercial expansion and greater patronage of culture, greatly influencing Indian society.<ref name="Thackston">{{cite book|title=The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince and Emperor|publisher=[[Modern Library]]|isbn=978-0-375-76137-9|author=Zahir ud-Din Mohammad|author-link=Babur|editor=Thackston, Wheeler M.|editor-link=Wheeler Thackston|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/babarinizam00babu/page/ xlvi]|date=10 September 2002|quote=In India the dynasty always called itself {{transliteration|fa|Gurkani}}, after {{lang|chg-Latn|[[Timur|Temür]]}}'s title {{transliteration|fa|Gurkân}}, the Persianized form of the Mongolian {{lang|mn-Latn|kürägän}}, "son-in-law," a title he assumed after his marriage to a [[Genghisid]] princess.|title-link=Baburnama}}</ref> The [[Mughal Empire]] balanced and pacified local societies through new administrative practices{{sfn|Asher|Talbot|2008|p = 115}}{{sfn|Robb|2001|pp = 90–91}} and had diverse and inclusive ruling elites,{{sfn|Metcalf|Metcalf|2006|p = 17}} leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule.{{sfn|Asher|Talbot|2008|p = 152}} Newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the [[Marathas]], the [[Rajputs]], the [[Pathans of Uttar Pradesh|Pathans]], the [[Jats]] and the [[Khalsa|Sikhs]], gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience.<ref name="AsherTalbot2006">{{cite book | author1=Catherine Ella Blanshard Asher | author2=Cynthia Talbot | title=India before Europe | year= 2006 | publisher=Cambridge University Press | isbn=978-0-521-80904-7 | page=265}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | author1=Burjor Avari | title=Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A History of Muslim Power and Presence in the Indian Subcontinent |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=hGHpVtQ8eKoC&q=%22Hindu+Jats%22+rebellion+mughals&pg=PA131 | publisher=Routledge | isbn=9780415580618 | pages=131–| year=2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | author1=Erinn Banting | title=Afghanistan: The people |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=fl8cd15sc7wC&q=pashtuns+mughal+empire+rebel&pg=PA9| isbn=9780778793366 | year=2003 }}</ref>{{sfn|Metcalf|Metcalf|2006|pp = 23–24}}

===Dress===

  |last = Verma

  |first = S.P.

===Contribution and discoveries===

{{Main|List of Indian inventions and discoveries|history of science and technology in the Indian subcontinent}}

[[Greater India|Indian cultural]] aspects, [[religion]]s, [[philosophy]], [[arts]] and [[architecture]] have developed over several millennia and have spread through much of [[Asia]] in peaceful manner.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> Many architectural structures of India such as [[Sanchi Stupa]], [[Taj Mahal]] and [[Mahabodhi Temple]] are [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Sites]] today.<ref name=India>{{cite web |url= https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/in |title=Properties Inscribed on the World heritage List |publisher=UNESCO |access-date=1 October 2010}}</ref>

{{refbegin|2}}

* {{cite book |last=Bhattacharya |first=Ramkrishna |author-link=Ramkrishna Bhattacharya |title=Studies on the Carvaka/Lokayata |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=59eygxzQTWQC |year=2011 |publisher=Anthem Press |isbn=978-0-85728-433-4}}

* {{cite book |last1=Radhakrishnan |first1=Sarvepalli |last2=Moore |first2=Charles |title=A Source Book in Indian Philosophy |date=1957 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-01958-1 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/sourcebookinindi00radh}}

{{refend}}