According to the Finnish, French, and Ukrainian language versions of this article, HMS Chiddingfold was commissioned on October 16th. |
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{{short description|Destroyer of the Royal Navy}} | |||
{{other ships|HMS Chiddingfold}} | |||
{{EngvarB|date=January 2018}} | {{EngvarB|date=January 2018}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}} | ||
{|{{Infobox ship begin}} | {|{{Infobox ship begin}} | ||
{{Infobox ship image | {{Infobox ship image | ||
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|Hide header= | |Hide header= | ||
|Ship country= United Kingdom | |Ship country= United Kingdom | ||
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag| | |Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}} | ||
|Ship name= HMS ''Chiddingfold'' | |Ship name= HMS ''Chiddingfold'' | ||
|Ship namesake= | |Ship namesake= | ||
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|Ship reinstated= | |Ship reinstated= | ||
|Ship honours= | |Ship honours= | ||
|Ship identification=[[ | |Ship identification=[[Pennant number]]:L31 | ||
|Ship fate= Sold to Indian Navy | |Ship fate= Sold to Indian Navy | ||
|Ship notes= | |Ship notes= | ||
|Ship badge= | |Ship badge= | ||
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|Ship country= India | |Ship country= India | ||
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|India|naval}} | |Ship flag={{shipboxflag|India|naval 1950}} | ||
|Ship name= INS ''Ganga'' | |Ship name= INS ''Ganga'' | ||
|Ship namesake= Ganga River (the [[Ganges]]) | |Ship namesake= Ganga River (the [[Ganges]]) | ||
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|Ship identification=D94 | |Ship identification=D94 | ||
|Ship fate= Scrapped | |Ship fate= Scrapped | ||
|Ship notes= | |Ship notes= | ||
|Ship badge= | |Ship badge= | ||
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}} | }} | ||
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'''HMS ''Chiddingfold'' (L31)''' was a Type II {{sclass2 | '''HMS ''Chiddingfold'' (L31)''' was a Type II {{sclass2|Hunt|destroyer|0}} [[destroyer]] of the [[Royal Navy]]. She was leased to the [[Indian Navy]] in 1952 where she served as '''INS ''Ganga'' (D94)'''. | ||
==Construction and design== | |||
''Chiddingfold'' was one of 17 Hunt-class destroyers ordered from various shipbuilders on 4 September 1939.{{sfn|English|1987|p=17}}<ref name=nh>{{cite web |title=HMS Chiddingfold (L 31) - Type II, Hunt-class Escort Destroyer including Convoy Escort Movements |work=Service Histories of Royal Navy Warships in World War 2 |publisher=Naval-History.net |date=12 August 2011 |url=https://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-10DE-Chiddingfold.htm |access-date=6 August 2022}}</ref> The Hunts were meant to fill the Royal Navy's need for a large number of small destroyer-type vessels capable of both convoy escort and operations with the fleet. The Type II Hunts differed from the earlier ships in having increased [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] in order to improve stability{{#tag:ref|A design error caused the first Hunt, {{HMS|Atherstone|L05|2}} to be dangerously unstable when built. The first 23 Hunts had a twin 4-inch mount removed, the ships' superstructure cut down and ballast fitted in order to restore adequate stability.{{sfn|English| 1987|pp=10–11}}|group=lower-alpha}} and carry the ships' originally intended armament.{{sfn|English|1987|pp=11–12}} | |||
''Chiddingfold'' was [[Keel laying|laid down]] at [[Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company]]'s shipyard at [[Greenock]] on the [[River Clyde]] on 1 March 1940 as Job No. J1115, was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 10 March 1941, and was completed on 16 October that year.{{sfn|English|1987|p=17}} ''Chiddingfold'' was the first ship of the Royal Navy to have that name,{{sfn|Colledge|Warlow|2006|p=69}} and was named after the after the [[fox hunt]] at [[Petworth]], [[Sussex]].<ref name=nh/> | |||
== | ''Chiddingfold'' was {{convert|264|ft|3|in|m}} long [[length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]] and {{convert|280|ft|m|2}} [[length overall|overall]]. The ship's [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] was {{convert|31|ft|6|in|m}} and [[Draught (hull)|draught]] {{convert|7|ft|9|in|m}}. Displacement was {{convert|1050|LT|t|lk=on}} [[Displacement (ship)#Standard displacement|standard]] and {{convert|1490|LT|t}} under full load. Two [[Three-drum boiler#Admiralty boiler|Admiralty boilers]] raising steam at {{convert|300|psi}} and {{convert|620|F}} fed [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] single-reduction geared [[steam turbines]] that drove two propeller shafts, generating {{convert|19000|shp}} at 380 rpm. This gave a speed of {{convert|27|kn}}.{{sfn|Lenton|1970|p= 89}} Fuel capacity was {{convert|277|LT|t}} of oil, giving a design range of {{convert|2560|nmi}} (although in service use, this dropped to {{convert|1550|nmi}}).{{sfn|English|1987|p=12}} | ||
' | The ship's main gun armament was six [[QF 4 inch Mk XVI naval gun|4 inch (102 mm) QF Mk XVI]] dual purpose (anti-ship and anti-aircraft) guns in three twin mounts, with one mount forward and two aft. Additional close-in anti-aircraft armament was provided by a quadruple [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|2-pounder "pom-pom"]] mount and two single [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon]] mounted in the bridge wings.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chesneau|1980|p=47}}{{sfn|Lenton|1970|pp=85, 89}} Power-operated twin 20 mm Oerlikon mounts replaced the single Oerlikons during the war.{{sfn|Whitley|2000|p=145}} Up to 110 [[depth charge]]s could be carried.{{sfn|Lenton|1970|p=87}}{{sfn|Friedman|2008|p=319}}{{#tag:ref|While Lenton and Friedman both state a capacity of 110 depth charges,{{sfn|Lenton|1970|p=87}}{{sfn|Friedman|2008|p=319}} Gardiner and Chesneau give a capacity of 30 or 60 charges.{{sfn|Gardiner|Chesneau|1980|p=47}}|group=lower-alpha}} The ship had a complement of 168 officers and men.{{sfn|Lenton|1970|p= 89}}{{sfn|Gardiner|Chesneau|1980|p=47}} | ||
==History in the Royal Navy== | |||
She earned battle honours in World War II for Norway, 1941 and English Channel, 1945. | She earned battle honours in World War II for Norway, 1941 and English Channel, 1945. | ||
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She was deployed as a training ship until 1975, when she was struck from the active list, before being sold for scrapping. | She was deployed as a training ship until 1975, when she was struck from the active list, before being sold for scrapping. | ||
==Notes== | |||
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==Publications== | ==Publications== | ||
* {{ | * {{Cite Colledge2006}} | ||
* | * {{cite book |last=English |first=John |title=The Hunts: A history of the design, development and careers of the 86 destroyers of this class built for the Royal and Allied Navies during World War II |year=1987 |publisher=World Ship Society |isbn=0-905617-44-4}} | ||
* {{cite book |last=Friedman |first=Norman |title=British Destroyers and Frigates: The Second World War and After |year=2008 |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |location=Barnsley, UK |isbn=978-1-84832-015-4}} | |||
* {{cite book |editor-last1=Gardiner |editor-first1=Robert |editor-last2=Chesneau |editor-first2=Roger |title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946 |year=1980 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=London |isbn=0-85177-146-7}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Lenton |first=H. T. |title=Navies of the Second World War: British Fleet & Escort Destroyers Volume Two |year=1970 |publisher=Macdonald & Co. |location=London |isbn=0-356-03122-5}} | |||
* {{cite book |last1=Rohwer |first1=Jürgen |last2=Hümmelchen |first2=Gerhard |title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945 |year=1992 |publisher=Greenhill Books |location=London |isbn=1-85367-117-7}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Whitley |first=M. J. |title=Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia |year=2000 |publisher=Cassell & Co. |location=London |isbn=1-85409-521-8}} | |||
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{{Hunt class destroyer|state=expanded|type2}} | {{Hunt class destroyer|state=expanded|type2}} | ||
{{Destroyers_of_the_Indian_Navy}} | {{Destroyers_of_the_Indian_Navy}} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:09, 5 September 2022
 HMS Chiddingfold on completion
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
| File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svgUnited Kingdom | |
| Name: | HMS Chiddingfold |
| Ordered: | 4 September 1939 |
| Builder: | Scotts at Greenock |
| Laid down: | 1 March 1940 |
| Launched: | 10 March 1941 |
| Commissioned: | 16 October 1941 |
| Identification: | Pennant number:L31 |
| Fate: | Sold to Indian Navy |
 India
| |
| Name: | INS Ganga |
| Namesake: | Ganga River (the Ganges) |
| Acquired: | April 1952 |
| Commissioned: | 18 June 1953 |
| Decommissioned: | 1975 |
| Identification: | D94 |
| Fate: | Scrapped |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Type II Hunt-class destroyer |
| Displacement: |
|
| Length: | 85.3 m (279 ft 10 in) o/a |
| Beam: | 9.6 m (31 ft 6 in) |
| Draught: | 2.51 m (8 ft 3 in) |
| Propulsion: |
|
| Speed: |
|
| Range: | 3,600 nmi (6,700 km) at 14 kn (26 km/h) |
| Complement: | 164 |
| Armament: |
|
HMS Chiddingfold (L31) was a Type II -class destroyer of the Royal Navy. She was leased to the Indian Navy in 1952 where she served as INS Ganga (D94).
Construction and design[edit | edit source]
Chiddingfold was one of 17 Hunt-class destroyers ordered from various shipbuilders on 4 September 1939.[1][2] The Hunts were meant to fill the Royal Navy's need for a large number of small destroyer-type vessels capable of both convoy escort and operations with the fleet. The Type II Hunts differed from the earlier ships in having increased beam in order to improve stability[lower-alpha 1] and carry the ships' originally intended armament.[4]
Chiddingfold was laid down at Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company's shipyard at Greenock on the River Clyde on 1 March 1940 as Job No. J1115, was launched on 10 March 1941, and was completed on 16 October that year.[1] Chiddingfold was the first ship of the Royal Navy to have that name,[5] and was named after the after the fox hunt at Petworth, Sussex.[2]
Chiddingfold was 264 feet 3 inches (80.54 m) long between perpendiculars and 280 feet (85.34 m) overall. The ship's beam was 31 feet 6 inches (9.60 m) and draught 7 feet 9 inches (2.36 m). Displacement was 1,050 long tons (1,070 t) standard and 1,490 long tons (1,510 t) under full load. Two Admiralty boilers raising steam at 300 pounds per square inch (2,100 kPa) and 620 °F (327 °C) fed Parsons single-reduction geared steam turbines that drove two propeller shafts, generating 19,000 shaft horsepower (14,000 kW) at 380 rpm. This gave a speed of 27 knots (50 km/h; 31 mph).[6] Fuel capacity was 277 long tons (281 t) of oil, giving a design range of 2,560 nautical miles (4,740 km; 2,950 mi) (although in service use, this dropped to 1,550 nautical miles (2,870 km; 1,780 mi)).[7]
The ship's main gun armament was six 4 inch (102 mm) QF Mk XVI dual purpose (anti-ship and anti-aircraft) guns in three twin mounts, with one mount forward and two aft. Additional close-in anti-aircraft armament was provided by a quadruple 2-pounder "pom-pom" mount and two single Oerlikon 20 mm cannon mounted in the bridge wings.[8][9] Power-operated twin 20 mm Oerlikon mounts replaced the single Oerlikons during the war.[10] Up to 110 depth charges could be carried.[11][12][lower-alpha 2] The ship had a complement of 168 officers and men.[6][8]
[edit | edit source]
She earned battle honours in World War II for Norway, 1941 and English Channel, 1945.
Following the war, she was reduced to Reserve status early in 1946 and laid-up on 25 March 1946. In 1950 she was transferred to the Reserve Fleet at Harwich and remained there until 1952 when she was towed to Liverpool for a refit.[13]
[edit | edit source]
The lease of Chiddingfold to India was announced on 17 June 1952. She underwent a refit by Messrs Crichton at Liverpool which was completed in June 1953.
She was commissioned as INS Ganga on 18 June 1953. The lease was extended in August 1956, and she was sold to India in April 1958. Along with two other Hunt-class destroyers in Indian service (Godavari and Gomati), she constituted the 22nd Destroyer Squadron.[14]
She was deployed as a training ship until 1975, when she was struck from the active list, before being sold for scrapping.
Notes[edit | edit source]
- ↑ A design error caused the first Hunt, Atherstone to be dangerously unstable when built. The first 23 Hunts had a twin 4-inch mount removed, the ships' superstructure cut down and ballast fitted in order to restore adequate stability.[3]
- ↑ While Lenton and Friedman both state a capacity of 110 depth charges,[11][12] Gardiner and Chesneau give a capacity of 30 or 60 charges.[8]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 English 1987, p. 17.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "HMS Chiddingfold (L 31) - Type II, Hunt-class Escort Destroyer including Convoy Escort Movements". Service Histories of Royal Navy Warships in World War 2. Naval-History.net. 12 August 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2022.
- ↑ English 1987, pp. 10–11.
- ↑ English 1987, pp. 11–12.
- ↑ Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 69.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lenton 1970, p. 89.
- ↑ English 1987, p. 12.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Gardiner & Chesneau 1980, p. 47.
- ↑ Lenton 1970, pp. 85, 89.
- ↑ Whitley 2000, p. 145.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Lenton 1970, p. 87.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Friedman 2008, p. 319.
- ↑ Critchley, Mike, "British Warships Since 1945: Part 3: Destroyers", Maritime Books: Liskeard, UK, 1982. ISBN 0-9506323-9-2, page 34
- ↑ Blackman, Raymond V B, Jane's Fighting Ships 1963-4, Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd, London, p123
Publications[edit | edit source]
- Template:Cite Colledge2006
- English, John (1987). The Hunts: A history of the design, development and careers of the 86 destroyers of this class built for the Royal and Allied Navies during World War II. World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-44-4.
- Friedman, Norman (2008). British Destroyers and Frigates: The Second World War and After. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-015-4.
- Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds. (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Lenton, H. T. (1970). Navies of the Second World War: British Fleet & Escort Destroyers Volume Two. London: Macdonald & Co. ISBN 0-356-03122-5.
- Rohwer, Jürgen; Hümmelchen, Gerhard (1992). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945. London: Greenhill Books. ISBN 1-85367-117-7.
- Whitley, M. J. (2000). Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. London: Cassell & Co. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.
