DRDO Ghatak: Difference between revisions

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'''''Ghatak''''' (<small>pronounced: [[Help:IPA/Hindi|gʰɑːt̪ək]]</small>){{efn|from Hindi/Sanskrit 'घातक' (<small>[[IAST|romanised]]:</small> ''ghātaka'') meaning 'killer', 'deadly'}} is an autonomous jet powered [[Stealth aircraft|stealthy]] [[unmanned combat air vehicle]] (UCAV), being developed by [[Aeronautical Development Establishment]] (ADE) of the [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO) for the [[Indian Air Force]].<ref>{{cite news|title=India to develop unmanned combat aerial vehicle|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/india-to-develop-unmanned-combat-aerial-vehicle/story-gnfRezY6tbKLDa3mtkUdmI.html|work=Hindustan Times|agency=IANS|date=25 November 2009|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=New Imagery Details Indian Aura UCAV|url=http://aviationweek.com/awin/new-imagery-details-indian-aura-ucav|work=Aviation Week & Space Technology|date=16 July 2022}}</ref> The design work on the [[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|UCAV]] is to be carried out by [[Aeronautical Development Agency]] (ADA). ''Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft (AURA)'' was a tentative name for the UCAV.<ref name="toi" /><ref name="et" /> Details of the project are classified.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/Story/100966/India/india-developing-unmanned-combat-aerial-vehicle.html|title=India developing unmanned combat aerial vehicle|work=India Today|date=2010-06-10|access-date=2012-01-28}}</ref>
'''''Ghatak''''' (<small>pronounced: [[Help:IPA/Hindi|gʰɑːt̪ək]]</small>){{efn|from Hindi/Sanskrit 'घातक' (<small>[[IAST|romanised]]:</small> ''ghātaka'') meaning 'killer', 'deadly'}} is an autonomous jet powered [[Stealth aircraft|stealthy]] [[unmanned combat air vehicle]] (UCAV), being developed by [[Aeronautical Development Establishment]] (ADE) of the [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO) for the [[Indian Air Force]].<ref>{{cite news|title=India to develop unmanned combat aerial vehicle|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/india-to-develop-unmanned-combat-aerial-vehicle/story-gnfRezY6tbKLDa3mtkUdmI.html|work=Hindustan Times|agency=IANS|date=25 November 2009|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=New Imagery Details Indian Aura UCAV|url=http://aviationweek.com/awin/new-imagery-details-indian-aura-ucav|work=Aviation Week & Space Technology|date=16 July 2012}}</ref> The design work on the [[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|UCAV]] is to be carried out by [[Aeronautical Development Agency]] (ADA). ''Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft (AURA)'' was a tentative name for the UCAV.<ref name="toi" /><ref name="et" /> Details of the project are classified.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/Story/100966/India/india-developing-unmanned-combat-aerial-vehicle.html|title=India developing unmanned combat aerial vehicle|work=India Today|date=2010-06-10|access-date=2012-01-28}}</ref>


The Ghatak UCAV will have internal weapons bay for carrying [[missiles]], bombs and [[precision-guided munition]]s. Its design will be based on [[flying-wing]] concept, and will be powered by a turbofan engine.
The Ghatak UCAV will have internal weapons bay for carrying [[missiles]], bombs and [[precision-guided munition]]s. Its design will be based on [[flying-wing]] concept, and will be powered by a turbofan engine.
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The Ghatak is an autonomous jet powered [[Stealth aircraft|stealthy]] [[unmanned combat air vehicle]] (UCAV), being developed by the [[Aeronautical Development Establishment]] (ADE).<ref name=":5" /> It was initially called the ''Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft (AURA),''<ref name=et>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/government-set-to-clear-rs-3000-crore-plan-to-develop-engine-for-indias-first-ucav/articleshow/49775096.cms|title=Government set to clear Rs 3,000 crore plan to develop engine for India's first UCAV|last=Pubby|first=Manu|date=2018-07-15|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref> but was eventually renamed as ''Ghatak'' UCAV.<ref name="shivaroor">{{Cite web |last=Aroor |first=Shiv |author-link=Shiv Aroor |title=EXCLUSIVE: Inside The World Of India’s Most Secret Combat Aircraft Program |url=https://www.livefistdefence.com/2018/02/exclusive-inside-the-world-of-indias-most-secret-combat-aircraft.html |access-date=2019-10-28 |website=Livefist |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="toi" /> In 2015, Defence Minister [[Manohar Parrikar]] informed Rajya Sabha that Ghatak UCAV will be powered by a dry variant of [[GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri|Kaveri]] afterburning turbofan engine,<ref>{{cite news |date=30 July 2015 |title=Indigenous Kaveri engine to power Unmanned Combat Aircraft |work=Business Standard |agency=PTI |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/indigenous-kaveri-engine-to-power-unmanned-combat-aircraft-115073001331_1.html}}</ref> which will have a thrust of 52 [[kilonewton]]s.<ref name="toi" />
The Ghatak is an autonomous jet powered [[Stealth aircraft|stealthy]] [[unmanned combat air vehicle]] (UCAV), being developed by the [[Aeronautical Development Establishment]] (ADE).<ref name=":5" /> It was initially called the ''Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft (AURA),''<ref name=et>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/government-set-to-clear-rs-3000-crore-plan-to-develop-engine-for-indias-first-ucav/articleshow/49775096.cms|title=Government set to clear Rs 3,000 crore plan to develop engine for India's first UCAV|last=Pubby|first=Manu|date=2018-07-15|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref> but was eventually renamed as ''Ghatak'' UCAV.<ref name="shivaroor">{{Cite web |last=Aroor |first=Shiv |author-link=Shiv Aroor |title=EXCLUSIVE: Inside The World Of India’s Most Secret Combat Aircraft Program |url=https://www.livefistdefence.com/2018/02/exclusive-inside-the-world-of-indias-most-secret-combat-aircraft.html |access-date=2019-10-28 |website=Livefist |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="toi" /> In 2015, Defence Minister [[Manohar Parrikar]] informed Rajya Sabha that Ghatak UCAV will be powered by a dry variant of [[GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri|Kaveri]] afterburning turbofan engine,<ref>{{cite news |date=30 July 2015 |title=Indigenous Kaveri engine to power Unmanned Combat Aircraft |work=Business Standard |agency=PTI |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/indigenous-kaveri-engine-to-power-unmanned-combat-aircraft-115073001331_1.html}}</ref> which will have a thrust of 52 [[kilonewton]]s.<ref name="toi" />


The flight control system and data link packages of the UCAV will be developed inhouse by ADA and [[Defence Electronics Application Laboratory]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ghosh|first1=Anirvan|title=We never had a single failure in 1,500 flights of Tejas: ADE|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/features/sunday-et/people--places/we-never-had-a-single-failure-in-1500-flights-of-tejas-ade/articleshow/7294743.cms|access-date=28 January 2012|work=The Economic Times|date=17 January 2022}}</ref> The Ghatak UCAV will be developed with public – private sector participation.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pubby |first=Manu |title=Government set to clear Rs 3,000 crore plan to develop engine for India's first UCAV |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/government-set-to-clear-rs-3000-crore-plan-to-develop-engine-for-indias-first-ucav/articleshow/49775096.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-07-03}}</ref>
The flight control system and data link packages of the UCAV will be developed inhouse by ADA and [[Defence Electronics Application Laboratory]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ghosh|first1=Anirvan|title=We never had a single failure in 1,500 flights of Tejas: ADE|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/features/sunday-et/people--places/we-never-had-a-single-failure-in-1500-flights-of-tejas-ade/articleshow/7294743.cms|access-date=28 January 2012|work=The Economic Times|date=17 January 2011}}</ref> The Ghatak UCAV will be developed with public – private sector participation.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pubby |first=Manu |title=Government set to clear Rs 3,000 crore plan to develop engine for India's first UCAV |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/government-set-to-clear-rs-3000-crore-plan-to-develop-engine-for-indias-first-ucav/articleshow/49775096.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2022-07-03}}</ref>


In 2011, in an interview given to [[The Economic Times]], [[DRDO]]'s Chief Controller, R&D (aeronautics), Dr Prahlada said, "the UCAV will have on-board mission computers, data links, fire control radars, identification of friend or foe, and collision avoidance systems, they will be highly [[Artificial intelligence|intelligent]] drones", he also added that "UCAV will be capable of flying at altitudes of {{convert|30,000|ft|m|0|abbr=on|disp=sqbr}} and weighing less than 15 tonnes, will have rail-launching for the missiles, bombs and PGMs (precision-guided munitions) they will carry."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Pandit|first1=Rajat|title=India quietly begins combat drone project|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/India-quietly-begins-combat-drone-project/articleshow/7941545.cms|work=The Economic Times|date=11 April 2022}}</ref>
In 2011, in an interview given to [[The Economic Times]], [[DRDO]]'s Chief Controller, R&D (aeronautics), Dr Prahlada said, "the UCAV will have on-board mission computers, data links, fire control radars, identification of friend or foe, and collision avoidance systems, they will be highly [[Artificial intelligence|intelligent]] drones", he also added that "UCAV will be capable of flying at altitudes of {{convert|30,000|ft|m|0|abbr=on|disp=sqbr}} and weighing less than 15 tonnes, will have rail-launching for the missiles, bombs and PGMs (precision-guided munitions) they will carry."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Pandit|first1=Rajat|title=India quietly begins combat drone project|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics/nation/India-quietly-begins-combat-drone-project/articleshow/7941545.cms|work=The Economic Times|date=11 April 2011}}</ref>


== Development ==
== Development ==


=== Project Ghatak ===
=== Project Ghatak ===
Project Ghatak was initiated as a successor to the 2009 AURA (Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft) programme. The AURA was a pioneer programme sanctioned in 2009 with a budget of {{INRConvert|125|m|lk=r|year=2022}}, to carryout a feasibility study for the future Indian UCAV. The AURA programme was completed in April 2013.<ref name="toi">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-set-to-develop-own-stealth-combat-drones/articleshow/50165296.cms|title=India set to develop own stealth combat drones|date=14 December 2015|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref> The project Ghatak was initiated by ADA in consultation with the [[Indian Air Force]] (IAF), with an objective to develop a stealthy UCAV based on [[flying wing]] design.<ref name="toi" /> The flying wing configuration is inherently stealthy, can carry more fuel and payload than conventional UCAV designs, however it has more complex flight control surfaces and laws.<ref name=":2" /> [[Times Now]] news quoting DRDO scientists reports that this design ensures optimum fuel use and stability for the aircraft.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Hazra |first=Dipavali |date=2 July 2022 |title=DRDO takes major step towards developing unmanned combat aerial vehicles: Explained |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/exclusive/drdo-tests-autonomous-flying-wing-technology-demonstrator-know-what-this-means-article-92616307 |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref> The Ghatak UCAV is projected to weigh less than a fighter jet and is intended to be powered by a 'dry engine' derivative of [[GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri]] turbofan engine capable of producing a thrust of 52 kN.<ref name="toi" /> According to a [[Press Information Bureau]] (PIB) document dated to 2017, an initial fund of {{INRConvert|2.31|b|year=2022}} had been allocated in 2016 for the design of Ghatak and development of critical advanced Technologies for Ghatak & [[HAL AMCA]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=158007|title=DRDO Projects|date=3 February 2017|website=[[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]|via=[[Press Information Bureau]]|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref><ref name="shivaroor" /> The [[Indian Navy]] is also interested in the project, and is keen on acquiring deck based UCAVs for future aircraft carriers and [[Landing Platform Docks (LPD) of the Indian Navy|Landing Platform Docks (LPD)]].<ref name=":0" />
Project Ghatak was initiated as a successor to the 2009 AURA (Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft) programme. The AURA was a pioneer programme sanctioned in 2009 with a budget of {{INRConvert|125|m|lk=r|year=2009}}, to carryout a feasibility study for the future Indian UCAV. The AURA programme was completed in April 2013.<ref name="toi">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-set-to-develop-own-stealth-combat-drones/articleshow/50165296.cms|title=India set to develop own stealth combat drones|date=14 December 2015|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref> The project Ghatak was initiated by ADA in consultation with the [[Indian Air Force]] (IAF), with an objective to develop a stealthy UCAV based on [[flying wing]] design.<ref name="toi" /> The flying wing configuration is inherently stealthy, can carry more fuel and payload than conventional UCAV designs, however it has more complex flight control surfaces and laws.<ref name=":2" /> [[Times Now]] news quoting DRDO scientists reports that this design ensures optimum fuel use and stability for the aircraft.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Hazra |first=Dipavali |date=2 July 2022 |title=DRDO takes major step towards developing unmanned combat aerial vehicles: Explained |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/exclusive/drdo-tests-autonomous-flying-wing-technology-demonstrator-know-what-this-means-article-92616307 |access-date=2022-07-03 |website=TimesNow |language=en}}</ref> The Ghatak UCAV is projected to weigh less than a fighter jet and is intended to be powered by a 'dry engine' derivative of [[GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri]] turbofan engine capable of producing a thrust of 52 kN.<ref name="toi" /> According to a [[Press Information Bureau]] (PIB) document dated to 2017, an initial fund of {{INRConvert|2.31|b|year=2016}} had been allocated in 2016 for the design of Ghatak and development of critical advanced Technologies for Ghatak & [[HAL AMCA]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=158007|title=DRDO Projects|date=3 February 2017|website=[[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]|via=[[Press Information Bureau]]|access-date=2019-10-28}}</ref><ref name="shivaroor" /> The [[Indian Navy]] is also interested in the project, and is keen on acquiring deck based UCAVs for future aircraft carriers and [[Landing Platform Docks (LPD) of the Indian Navy|Landing Platform Docks (LPD)]].<ref name=":0" />


====Stealth Wing Flying Testbed (SWiFT)====
====Stealth Wing Flying Testbed (SWiFT)====

Revision as of 07:08, 24 November 2022

Ghatak (pronounced: gʰɑːt̪ək)[lower-alpha 1] is an autonomous jet powered stealthy unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV), being developed by Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE) of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for the Indian Air Force.[1][2] The design work on the UCAV is to be carried out by Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA). Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft (AURA) was a tentative name for the UCAV.[3][4] Details of the project are classified.[5]

The Ghatak UCAV will have internal weapons bay for carrying missiles, bombs and precision-guided munitions. Its design will be based on flying-wing concept, and will be powered by a turbofan engine.

The first flight of a scaled down testbed was carried out in July 2022,[6] and that of a full scale prototype is expected in 2025.[7]

Description

The Ghatak is an autonomous jet powered stealthy unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV), being developed by the Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE).[8] It was initially called the Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft (AURA),[4] but was eventually renamed as Ghatak UCAV.[9][3] In 2015, Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar informed Rajya Sabha that Ghatak UCAV will be powered by a dry variant of Kaveri afterburning turbofan engine,[10] which will have a thrust of 52 kilonewtons.[3]

The flight control system and data link packages of the UCAV will be developed inhouse by ADA and Defence Electronics Application Laboratory.[11] The Ghatak UCAV will be developed with public – private sector participation.[12]

In 2011, in an interview given to The Economic Times, DRDO's Chief Controller, R&D (aeronautics), Dr Prahlada said, "the UCAV will have on-board mission computers, data links, fire control radars, identification of friend or foe, and collision avoidance systems, they will be highly intelligent drones", he also added that "UCAV will be capable of flying at altitudes of 30,000 ft [9,144 m] and weighing less than 15 tonnes, will have rail-launching for the missiles, bombs and PGMs (precision-guided munitions) they will carry."[13]

Development

Project Ghatak

Project Ghatak was initiated as a successor to the 2009 AURA (Autonomous Unmanned Research Aircraft) programme. The AURA was a pioneer programme sanctioned in 2009 with a budget of ₹125 million (equivalent to ₹250 million or US$2.9 million in 2019), to carryout a feasibility study for the future Indian UCAV. The AURA programme was completed in April 2013.[3] The project Ghatak was initiated by ADA in consultation with the Indian Air Force (IAF), with an objective to develop a stealthy UCAV based on flying wing design.[3] The flying wing configuration is inherently stealthy, can carry more fuel and payload than conventional UCAV designs, however it has more complex flight control surfaces and laws.[7] Times Now news quoting DRDO scientists reports that this design ensures optimum fuel use and stability for the aircraft.[14] The Ghatak UCAV is projected to weigh less than a fighter jet and is intended to be powered by a 'dry engine' derivative of GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri turbofan engine capable of producing a thrust of 52 kN.[3] According to a Press Information Bureau (PIB) document dated to 2017, an initial fund of ₹2.31 billion (equivalent to ₹2.7 billion or US$31 million in 2019) had been allocated in 2016 for the design of Ghatak and development of critical advanced Technologies for Ghatak & HAL AMCA.[15][9] The Indian Navy is also interested in the project, and is keen on acquiring deck based UCAVs for future aircraft carriers and Landing Platform Docks (LPD).[16]

Stealth Wing Flying Testbed (SWiFT)

Successful maiden flight of SWiFT

Development of a scaled down technology demonstrator of Ghatak UCAV, called Stealth Wing Flying Testbed (SWiFT), began in 2020.[16] According to DRDO, the SWiFT UAV is intended to develop and demonstrate technologies for controlling the flying wing configuration and flight characteristics at high-subsonic speed.[7] The ground trials of SWiFT UAV began in June 2021, picture and videos of it carrying out taxi trials surfaced on 29 October 2021. It had resemblance to the US Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit stealth bomber.[7] The SWiFT UAV has a length of 4 metres and a wingspan of 5 metres.[17][14] The weigh of Swift UAV is around 1 tonne, and it uses a NPO Saturn 36MT[14] or TRDD-50MT turbofan engine.[6]

The SWiFT UAV (technology demonstrator of Ghatak UCAV) took its maiden flight on 1 July 2022.[6] According to DRDO, the aircraft exhibited a perfect flight, including take-off, way-point navigation and a smooth touchdown while operating in a fully autonomous mode.[8] However, the aircraft flown in the video uses a vertical stabilizer which is otherwise absent from the design. This is possibly due to issues with the horizontal stability of the aircraft.[18]

The airframe, undercarriage and entire flight control and avionics systems used for the aircraft (SWiFT UAV) were developed indigenously.[6] Apart from being a precursor for technology development related to Ghatak project, SWiFT might also move ahead as separate project under unmanned wingman bomber program.[17]

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

Notes

  1. ↑ from Hindi/Sanskrit 'घातक' (romanised: ghātaka) meaning 'killer', 'deadly'

References

  1. ↑ "India to develop unmanned combat aerial vehicle". Hindustan Times. IANS. 25 November 2009.
  2. ↑ "New Imagery Details Indian Aura UCAV". Aviation Week & Space Technology. 16 July 2012.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 "India set to develop own stealth combat drones". The Times of India. 14 December 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Pubby, Manu (15 July 2018). "Government set to clear Rs 3,000 crore plan to develop engine for India's first UCAV". The Economic Times. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  5. ↑ "India developing unmanned combat aerial vehicle". India Today. 10 June 2010. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Peri, Dinakar (1 July 2022). "DRDO flight tests new autonomous Flying Wing Technology Demonstrator". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 2 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "DRDO's stealth attack UAV back in focus as footage of demonstrator emerges". The Week. 29 October 2021. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Alex Philip, Snehesh (1 July 2022). "'Major milestone': India conducts maiden flight of unmanned aircraft demonstrator". ThePrint. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Aroor, Shiv. "EXCLUSIVE: Inside The World Of India's Most Secret Combat Aircraft Program". Livefist. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
  10. ↑ "Indigenous Kaveri engine to power Unmanned Combat Aircraft". Business Standard. PTI. 30 July 2015.
  11. ↑ Ghosh, Anirvan (17 January 2011). "We never had a single failure in 1,500 flights of Tejas: ADE". The Economic Times. Retrieved 28 January 2012.
  12. ↑ Pubby, Manu. "Government set to clear Rs 3,000 crore plan to develop engine for India's first UCAV". The Economic Times. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  13. ↑ Pandit, Rajat (11 April 2011). "India quietly begins combat drone project". The Economic Times.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Hazra, Dipavali (2 July 2022). "DRDO takes major step towards developing unmanned combat aerial vehicles: Explained". TimesNow. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  15. ↑ "DRDO Projects". Ministry of Defence. 3 February 2017. Retrieved 28 October 2019 – via Press Information Bureau.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Krishnan M, Anantha (10 January 2021). "ADE steps into new decade with planeloads of critical projects". OnManorama. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 "DRDO initiates the trials of advanced stealth SWiFT drone". NewsOnAIR –. 23 June 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
  18. ↑ Kadidal, Akhil; Parakala, Akshara (4 July 2022). "DRDO successfully test flies flying-wing UCAV". Janes. Retrieved 23 November 2022.

External links

Technical:

Template:Unmanned aerial vehicles of DRDO

Template:Stealth aircraft

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