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{{Short description|Indian assassin}} | |||
[[File:Mayo assasin.jpg|thumb|Sher Ali Afridi, photograph taken after he killed Lord Mayo]] | [[File:Mayo assasin.jpg|thumb|Sher Ali Afridi, photograph taken after he killed Lord Mayo]] | ||
'''Sher Ali Afridi''', also called '''Shere Ali''', is known for killing [[Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo|Lord Mayo]], the [[Viceroy of India]], on 8 February 1872. He was a prisoner on the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] at the time, sentenced for murder. | '''Sher Ali Afridi''', also called '''Shere Ali''', is known for killing [[Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo|Lord Mayo]], the [[Viceroy of India]], on 8 February 1872. He was a prisoner on the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]] at the time, sentenced for murder. | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Sher Ali worked for the [[British Raj| | Sher Ali worked for the [[British Raj|colonial government]] in the Punjab Police in the 1860s.<ref name=andaman>{{cite web|title=The Murder of Lord Mayo 1872|url=http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-o/texto.htm|publisher=andaman.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He came from the [[Tirah]] valley in the [[Khyber Agency]] and worked for the Commissioner of Peshawar.<ref name=khyber>{{cite web|title=Sher Ali Afridi|url=http://www.khyber.org/people/sarfaroshan/SherAliAfridi.shtml|publisher=Khyber.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He was in [[Bengal Army|colonial army]] at Ambala in a cavalry regiment.<ref name=khyber/> He served in the [[Presidency armies]] in [[Rohilkhand]] and [[Oudh]] during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].<ref name=journal>{{cite web|last=Hussain|first=Hamid|title=Tribes and Turbulance|url=http://www.defencejournal.com/2003/june/tribesandturbulence.htm|publisher=defencejournal.org|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> He worked under Major Hugh James as a cavalry trooper in [[Peshawar]] and as a mounted orderly for [[Reynell Taylor]], who awarded Sher Ali with a horse, pistol and certificate.<ref name=Halen/> Due to his good character, Sher Ali was popular among Europeans and was taking care of Taylor's children.<ref name=Halen/> In a family feud, he killed one of his relatives named Hydur<ref name=Halen/> at Peshawar in broad daylight and although he pleaded innocence, he was sentenced to death on 2 April 1867. On appeal, his sentence was reduced by a judge, Colonel Pollock,<ref name=Halen/> to life imprisonment<ref name=andaman/> and he was deported to ''Kala Pani'' or the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]], to serve his sentence.<ref name=khyber/> He was permitted to work as a barber at [[Port Blair]] as he was acknowledged to have behaved well since his arrival.<ref name=Halen/> | ||
==Murder of Lord Mayo== | ==Murder of Lord Mayo== | ||
| Line 9: | Line 10: | ||
==Aftermath== | ==Aftermath== | ||
The murder of the Viceroy, the supreme official of India appointed by the [[British Crown]], sent shock waves throughout Britain and British India.<ref name=Halen>{{cite web|last=James|first=Halen|title=The Assassination of Lord Mayo : The "First" Jihad?|url=http://ijaps.usm.my/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/HelenJames_LordMayoAssassination.pdf|publisher=IJAPS,Vol 5, No.2 (July 2009)|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> Sher Ali Afridi wanted to kill two white people, the Superintendent and the Viceroy, as a revenge for his sentence, which he thought was more severe than he deserved.<ref name=andaman/> He waited for a full day and only in the evening, found an opportunity to kill the Viceroy. He said that he killed on the instructions of | The murder of the Viceroy, the supreme official of India appointed by the [[British Crown]], sent shock waves throughout Britain and British India.<ref name=Halen>{{cite web|last=James|first=Halen|title=The Assassination of Lord Mayo : The "First" Jihad?|url=http://ijaps.usm.my/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/HelenJames_LordMayoAssassination.pdf|publisher=IJAPS,Vol 5, No.2 (July 2009)|accessdate=18 November 2012}}</ref> Sher Ali Afridi wanted to kill two white people, the Superintendent and the Viceroy, as a revenge for his sentence, which he thought was more severe than he deserved.<ref name=andaman/> He waited for a full day and only in the evening, found an opportunity to kill the Viceroy. He said that he killed on the instructions of God.<ref name=Halen/> He readily posed for photographs.<ref name=andaman/> Some jihadist-inspired prisoners were jailed at Andaman during the same period but the British found no link to the murder of the Viceroy and the presence of these prisoners.<ref name=Halen/> Sher Ali Afridi was condemned to death and was hanged on the gallows of [[Viper Island]] prison,<ref name=andaman/> on 11 March 1872.<ref name=khyber/> | ||
==See also== | |||
*[[Mohammad Abdullah (India)]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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*Prof. Sen : ''Disciplining Punishment: Colonialism and Convict Society in the Andaman Islands.'' Oxford University Press. | *Prof. Sen : ''Disciplining Punishment: Colonialism and Convict Society in the Andaman Islands.'' Oxford University Press. | ||
[[Category:Indian | [[Category:Year of birth unknown]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:1872 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:19th-century executions by British India]] | |||
[[Category:19th-century Indian criminals]] | |||
[[Category:Afridi people]] | |||
[[Category:British East India Company Army soldiers]] | |||
[[Category:Executed assassins]] | [[Category:Executed assassins]] | ||
[[Category:Executed Indian people]] | [[Category:Executed Indian people]] | ||
[[Category:Indian assassins]] | |||
[[Category:19th-century Indian Muslims]] | |||
[[Category:Indian people convicted of murder]] | |||
[[Category:People convicted of murder by India]] | |||
[[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | [[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]] | ||
[[Category:People from Khyber District]] | [[Category:People from Khyber District]] | ||
[[Category:People from Peshawar]] | [[Category:People from Peshawar]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:01, 28 October 2022
Sher Ali Afridi, also called Shere Ali, is known for killing Lord Mayo, the Viceroy of India, on 8 February 1872. He was a prisoner on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands at the time, sentenced for murder.
Early life[edit | edit source]
Sher Ali worked for the colonial government in the Punjab Police in the 1860s.[1] He came from the Tirah valley in the Khyber Agency and worked for the Commissioner of Peshawar.[2] He was in colonial army at Ambala in a cavalry regiment.[2] He served in the Presidency armies in Rohilkhand and Oudh during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.[3] He worked under Major Hugh James as a cavalry trooper in Peshawar and as a mounted orderly for Reynell Taylor, who awarded Sher Ali with a horse, pistol and certificate.[4] Due to his good character, Sher Ali was popular among Europeans and was taking care of Taylor's children.[4] In a family feud, he killed one of his relatives named Hydur[4] at Peshawar in broad daylight and although he pleaded innocence, he was sentenced to death on 2 April 1867. On appeal, his sentence was reduced by a judge, Colonel Pollock,[4] to life imprisonment[1] and he was deported to Kala Pani or the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, to serve his sentence.[2] He was permitted to work as a barber at Port Blair as he was acknowledged to have behaved well since his arrival.[4]
Murder of Lord Mayo[edit | edit source]
Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo, Viceroy of India from 1869, was visiting the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in February 1872. The island group was then used as a British penal colony for convicts from India, both criminals and political prisoners.[4] Lord Mayo was involved in drafting the regulations of Port Blair, the principal town of the islands.[1] On 8 February, when the Viceroy had almost completed his inspection and was returning at 7:00 PM to his boat, where Lady Mayo was also waiting, Sher Ali Afridi appeared from the dark and stabbed him.[1] Sher Ali was immediately arrested by twelve security personnel. Lord Mayo soon bled to death.[1] This incident, which attracted much attention to the island group, happened at the foot of Mount Harriet.[5]
Aftermath[edit | edit source]
The murder of the Viceroy, the supreme official of India appointed by the British Crown, sent shock waves throughout Britain and British India.[4] Sher Ali Afridi wanted to kill two white people, the Superintendent and the Viceroy, as a revenge for his sentence, which he thought was more severe than he deserved.[1] He waited for a full day and only in the evening, found an opportunity to kill the Viceroy. He said that he killed on the instructions of God.[4] He readily posed for photographs.[1] Some jihadist-inspired prisoners were jailed at Andaman during the same period but the British found no link to the murder of the Viceroy and the presence of these prisoners.[4] Sher Ali Afridi was condemned to death and was hanged on the gallows of Viper Island prison,[1] on 11 March 1872.[2]
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "The Murder of Lord Mayo 1872". andaman.org. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Sher Ali Afridi". Khyber.org. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
- ↑ Hussain, Hamid. "Tribes and Turbulance". defencejournal.org. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 James, Halen. "The Assassination of Lord Mayo : The "First" Jihad?" (PDF). IJAPS,Vol 5, No.2 (July 2009). Retrieved 18 November 2012.
- ↑ Kapse, Ram (21 December 2005). "Hundred years of the Andamans Cellular Jail". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 13 December 2006. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
Bibliography[edit | edit source]
- F. A. M. Dass (1937): The Andaman Islands.
- Prof. Sen : Disciplining Punishment: Colonialism and Convict Society in the Andaman Islands. Oxford University Press.