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{{short description|Indian Chief of Army staff}}
{{short description|Indian Chief of Army staff}}
{{about|the Indian Army general|the 16th century Hindu privateer|Timoji}}
{{about|the Indian Army general|the 16th century Hindu privateer|Timoji}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Kodendera Subayya Thimayya
| name                = Kodendera Subayya Thimayya
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| term_start          = 8 May 1957
| term_start          = 8 May 1957
| term_end            = 7 May 1961
| term_end            = 7 May 1961
| birth_date          = {{Birth date|df=yes|1906|3|31}}<ref name="UNI">{{cite news |title=Home of General Thimmayya dedicated to nation in Kodagu |url=http://www.uniindia.com/home-of-general-thimmayya-dedicated-to-nation-in-kodagu/states/news/1185213.html |access-date=31 March 2019 |agency=UNI |publisher=United News of India |date=31 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="DHNS">{{cite news |last1=K A |first1=Adithya |title=General Thimmayya's 113th birth anniversary today |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/districts/general-thimayya-s-113th-birth-anniversary-today-726068.html |access-date=31 March 2019 |agency=Deccan Herald News Service |issue=31 March 2019 |work=Deccan Herald|date=31 March 2022}}</ref>
| birth_date          = {{Birth date|df=yes|1906|3|31}}<ref name="UNI">{{cite news |title=Home of General Thimmayya dedicated to nation in Kodagu |url=http://www.uniindia.com/home-of-general-thimmayya-dedicated-to-nation-in-kodagu/states/news/1185213.html |access-date=31 March 2019 |agency=UNI |publisher=United News of India |date=31 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="DHNS">{{cite news |last1=K A |first1=Adithya |title=General Thimmayya's 113th birth anniversary today |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/state/districts/general-thimayya-s-113th-birth-anniversary-today-726068.html |access-date=31 March 2019 |agency=Deccan Herald News Service |issue=31 March 2019 |work=Deccan Herald|date=31 March 2019}}</ref>
| birth_place        = [[Madikeri]], [[Coorg]], [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| birth_place        = [[Madikeri]], [[Coorg]], [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date          = {{death-date and age|18 December 1965|30 March 1906}}<ref name="Karnataka">{{cite news |title=Biography of General Thimmayya |url= https://www.karnataka.com/personalities/general-thimayya/amp/|access-date=18 December 2021 |agency=Karnataka |publisher=Karnataka.com |date=31 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="Frontline">{{cite news |title=General Thimmayya|url= https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/article30209553.ece/amp/|access-date=18 December 2021 |agency=Frontline The Hindu |publisher=Frontline The Hindu |date=31 March 2022}}</ref>
| death_date          = {{death-date and age|18 December 1965|30 March 1906}}<ref name="Karnataka">{{cite news |title=Biography of General Thimmayya |url= https://www.karnataka.com/personalities/general-thimayya/amp/|access-date=18 December 2021 |agency=Karnataka |publisher=Karnataka.com |date=31 March 2018}}</ref><ref name="Frontline">{{cite news |title=General Thimmayya|url= https://frontline.thehindu.com/other/article30209553.ece/amp/|access-date=18 December 2021 |agency=Frontline The Hindu |publisher=Frontline The Hindu |date=31 March 2018}}</ref>
| death_place        = [[Cyprus]]
| death_place        = [[Cyprus]]
| relations          =  
| relations          =  
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==Role in independent India==
==Role in independent India==
He returned to India in 1947, during the [[Partition of India|Partition]], as member of the committee to agree to the allotment of weapons, equipment and regiments that were to remain in India, or to be allotted to Pakistan. Soon after the commission was completed, he was promoted to the acting rank of [[Major-General]] in September 1947 and was then assigned the command of the [[Indian 4th Infantry Division|4th Infantry Division]] and also to take over the Punjab Boundary Force, dealing with the exodus and intake of refugees fleeing to their respective countries. In 1948 he was one of the active officers in the actions against the forces of [[Pakistan]] in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|conflict]] over [[Kashmir]]. His next appointment was command of the [[Indian 19th Infantry Division|19th Infantry Division]] in [[Kashmir|Jammu & Kashmir]] where he succeeded in driving the raiders and the Pakistan Army out of the Kashmir Valley. Personally leading the attack in the forward-most tank, the [[Military operations in Ladakh (1948)#Capture of Zoji La|surprise attack on Zoji La]] on 1 November 1948 by a brigade with [[M3 Stuart|Stuart Light Tanks]] of the [[7th Light Cavalry]],<ref name="Amazing">{{cite book |title=Thimmayya:An Amazing Life |last=Khanduri|first=Chandra B. |year=1969 |publisher=Centre for Armed Historical Research, United Service Institution of India, New Delhi through Knowledge World |location=New Delhi |isbn=81-87966-36-X |page=137 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZWXfAAAAMAAJ |access-date=6 August 2022}}</ref> succeeded in driving out the entrenched raiders and [[Pakistan Army]] regulars and the eventual capture of [[Dras]], [[Kargil town|Kargil]] and [[Leh]].  
He returned to India in 1947, during the [[Partition of India|Partition]], as member of the committee to agree to the allotment of weapons, equipment and regiments that were to remain in India, or to be allotted to Pakistan. Soon after the commission was completed, he was promoted to the acting rank of [[Major-General]] in September 1947 and was then assigned the command of the [[Indian 4th Infantry Division|4th Infantry Division]] and also to take over the Punjab Boundary Force, dealing with the exodus and intake of refugees fleeing to their respective countries. In 1948 he was one of the active officers in the actions against the forces of [[Pakistan]] in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947|conflict]] over [[Kashmir]]. His next appointment was command of the [[Indian 19th Infantry Division|19th Infantry Division]] in [[Kashmir|Jammu & Kashmir]] where he succeeded in driving the raiders and the Pakistan Army out of the Kashmir Valley. Personally leading the attack in the forward-most tank, the [[Military operations in Ladakh (1948)#Capture of Zoji La|surprise attack on Zoji La]] on 1 November 1948 by a brigade with [[M3 Stuart|Stuart Light Tanks]] of the [[7th Light Cavalry]],<ref name="Amazing">{{cite book |title=Thimmayya:An Amazing Life |last=Khanduri|first=Chandra B. |year=1969 |publisher=Centre for Armed Historical Research, United Service Institution of India, New Delhi through Knowledge World |location=New Delhi |isbn=81-87966-36-X |page=137 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZWXfAAAAMAAJ |access-date=6 August 2010}}</ref> succeeded in driving out the entrenched raiders and [[Pakistan Army]] regulars and the eventual capture of [[Dras]], [[Kargil town|Kargil]] and [[Leh]].  


Thereafter, Thimayya served as the [[Commandant of the Indian Military Academy]], Dehra Dun. On 1 January 1950, he was promoted to substantive major-general from his rank of brigadier.<ref name="maj_gen_subs">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=70 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1950/O-2343-1950-0013-108724.pdf |date=24 June 1950 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> On 1 October 1951, Thimayya was appointed Quartermaster General.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=195  |date=13 October 1951 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> The experience gained by him in Japan stood him in good stead when he was specially selected by the United Nations to head the [[Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission]] in Korea. It was a very sensitive and delicate task dealing with unruly Chinese and Korean prisoners. Here again, through sheer charisma, impartiality, firmness and diplomacy, he completed this task to the satisfaction of the world body. He returned to India and was promoted to [[General Officer Commanding|General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]], [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]], with the rank of [[Lieutenant-General]], in January 1953. In 1954, he was awarded the [[List of Padma Bhushan Award recipients (1954–1959)|Padma Bhushan]] for Civil Service. He took over the reins of the Indian Army on 7 May 1957.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060416/spectrum/main1.htm|title=When an Army Chief almost quit|website=The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum|date=16 April 2006|access-date=2017-06-26}}</ref>
Thereafter, Thimayya served as the [[Commandant of the Indian Military Academy]], Dehra Dun. On 1 January 1950, he was promoted to substantive major-general from his rank of brigadier.<ref name="maj_gen_subs">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=70 |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1950/O-2343-1950-0013-108724.pdf |date=24 June 1950 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> On 1 October 1951, Thimayya was appointed Quartermaster General.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=195  |date=13 October 1951 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> The experience gained by him in Japan stood him in good stead when he was specially selected by the United Nations to head the [[Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission]] in Korea. It was a very sensitive and delicate task dealing with unruly Chinese and Korean prisoners. Here again, through sheer charisma, impartiality, firmness and diplomacy, he completed this task to the satisfaction of the world body. He returned to India and was promoted to [[General Officer Commanding|General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]], [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]], with the rank of [[Lieutenant-General]], in January 1953. In 1954, he was awarded the [[List of Padma Bhushan Award recipients (1954–1959)|Padma Bhushan]] for Civil Service. He took over the reins of the Indian Army on 7 May 1957.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060416/spectrum/main1.htm|title=When an Army Chief almost quit|website=The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum|date=16 April 2006|access-date=2017-06-26}}</ref>
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The street perpendicular to East Street (a road parallel to MG road in [[Pune]]), Richmond Road in [[Bangalore]], and the main road through [[Larnaca]]/Cyprus (East to West) were renamed as Gen Thimmayya Road in his memory. The road perpendicular to Hunsur Road in Mysore is also named as General Thimmayya Road.  
The street perpendicular to East Street (a road parallel to MG road in [[Pune]]), Richmond Road in [[Bangalore]], and the main road through [[Larnaca]]/Cyprus (East to West) were renamed as Gen Thimmayya Road in his memory. The road perpendicular to Hunsur Road in Mysore is also named as General Thimmayya Road.  
The Republic of Cyprus, also honored him by issuing a commemorative stamp in his memory in 1966.<ref name="ph">{{cite web|url=http://www.philatelism.com/details.php?issueid=24|title=Cyprus Stamp Issue: General Thimmayya |access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref> The General K.S. Thimayya Memorial Trust, a Trust instituted by some Old Boys of [[Bishop Cotton Boys' School]], annually hold the General K S Thimayya Memorial Lecture Series in his memory.<ref>{{cite web|title=General K S Thimayya Memorial Lecture Series|url=http://genthimayya.org/|publisher=Old Boys of Cottons|access-date=9 September 2022}}</ref> General Thimayya enjoys an unmatched legacy in the Indian Army. Of all the eulogies for him, the late [[Premindra Singh Bhagat|Lieutenant General Premindra Singh Bhagat]], VC (Retd.) summed it up best, "A General Thimayya is not born in every generation. The likes of him there will seldom be a soldier. The General is a man's man, the Army his soul and his soul the Army."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://genthimayya.org/general-thimayya/|title=General Kodandera Subayya Thimayya|publisher=General Thimayya Memorial Trust}}</ref> General Thimayya's house "Sunny Side" in [[Madikeri]] has been converted into a museum and a war memorial.<ref>{{cite news |date=18 April 2019|title=When General Thimayya's Grandson Comes Calling At 'Sunny Side'|url=https://starofmysore.com/when-general-thimayyas-grandson-comes-calling-at-sunny-side/|newspaper=Star of Mysore}}</ref> It was inaugurated in February 2021 in the presence of the President and Chief of Defence Staff.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=6 February 2021|title=President inaugurates museum dedicated to pride of Kodagu General Thimayya in Madikeri|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2021/feb/06/president-inaugurates-museum-dedicated-to-pride-of-kodagu-general-thimayya-in-madikeri-2260521.html|access-date=2021-02-11|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
The Republic of Cyprus, also honored him by issuing a commemorative stamp in his memory in 1966.<ref name="ph">{{cite web|url=http://www.philatelism.com/details.php?issueid=24|title=Cyprus Stamp Issue: General Thimmayya |access-date=29 December 2009}}</ref> The General K.S. Thimayya Memorial Trust, a Trust instituted by some Old Boys of [[Bishop Cotton Boys' School]], annually hold the General K S Thimayya Memorial Lecture Series in his memory.<ref>{{cite web|title=General K S Thimayya Memorial Lecture Series|url=http://genthimayya.org/|publisher=Old Boys of Cottons|access-date=9 September 2014}}</ref> General Thimayya enjoys an unmatched legacy in the Indian Army. Of all the eulogies for him, the late [[Premindra Singh Bhagat|Lieutenant General Premindra Singh Bhagat]], VC (Retd.) summed it up best, "A General Thimayya is not born in every generation. The likes of him there will seldom be a soldier. The General is a man's man, the Army his soul and his soul the Army."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://genthimayya.org/general-thimayya/|title=General Kodandera Subayya Thimayya|publisher=General Thimayya Memorial Trust}}</ref> General Thimayya's house "Sunny Side" in [[Madikeri]] has been converted into a museum and a war memorial.<ref>{{cite news |date=18 April 2019|title=When General Thimayya's Grandson Comes Calling At 'Sunny Side'|url=https://starofmysore.com/when-general-thimayyas-grandson-comes-calling-at-sunny-side/|newspaper=Star of Mysore}}</ref> It was inaugurated in February 2021 in the presence of the President and Chief of Defence Staff.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=6 February 2021|title=President inaugurates museum dedicated to pride of Kodagu General Thimayya in Madikeri|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2021/feb/06/president-inaugurates-museum-dedicated-to-pride-of-kodagu-general-thimayya-in-madikeri-2260521.html|access-date=2021-02-11|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>


==Awards and decorations==
==Awards and decorations==
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|align="center" |[[File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-7.svg|35px]] || [[Major general (United Kingdom)|Major-General]] || Indian Army  || September 1947 (acting)<br>1 January 1950 (substantive; seniority from 4 February 1949)<ref name="maj_gen_subs"/><ref name="insignia" group="note"/>
|align="center" |[[File:British_Army_(1920-1953)_OF-7.svg|35px]] || [[Major general (United Kingdom)|Major-General]] || Indian Army  || September 1947 (acting)<br>1 January 1950 (substantive; seniority from 4 February 1949)<ref name="maj_gen_subs"/><ref name="insignia" group="note"/>
|-
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Major_General_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major-General]] || Indian Army || 26 January 1950 (recommissioning and change in insignia)<ref name="insignia_designs">{{cite web|title=New Designs of Crests and Badges in the Services|url=http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20807-BR/HOM-1950-01-06_484.pdf|website=Press Information Bureau of India - Archive|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20807-BR/HOM-1950-01-06_484.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=227  |date=11 February 1950 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|align="center" |[[File:Major_General_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major-General]] || Indian Army || 26 January 1950 (recommissioning and change in insignia)<ref name="insignia_designs">{{cite web|title=New Designs of Crests and Badges in the Services|url=http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20807-BR/HOM-1950-01-06_484.pdf|website=Press Information Bureau of India - Archive|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://pib.nic.in/archive/docs/DVD_38/ACC%20NO%20807-BR/HOM-1950-01-06_484.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=227  |date=11 February 1950 |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref>
|-
|-
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant_General_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant-General]] || Indian Army || January 1953
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant_General_of_the_Indian_Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant-General]] || Indian Army || January 1953
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