Fraser Town, Bangalore: Difference between revisions

What links here Related changes Page information Get shortened URL
Created by GreenC bot
Last edited December 7, 2022
VisualWikitext
>GreenC bot
Rescued 1 archive link; reformat 1 link. Wayback Medic 2.5
 
m robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = Fraser Town
| name                     = Pulakeshi Nagara
| other_name             = Pulakeshinagar
| other_name               = Fraser Town
| settlement_type       = Suburb
| settlement_type         = Neighbourhood
| image_skyline         =  
| image_skyline           =  
| image_alt             =  
| image_alt               =  
| image_caption         =  
| image_caption           =  
| nickname               =  
| nickname                 =  
| image_map             =  
| image_map               =  
| map_alt               =  
| map_alt                 =  
| map_caption           =  
| map_caption             =  
| pushpin_map           = India Bangalore
| pushpin_map             = India Bangalore
| pushpin_map_alt       =  
| pushpin_map_alt         =  
| pushpin_map_caption   =  
| pushpin_map_caption     =  
| coordinates           = {{coord|12.9947|N|77.6138|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates             = {{coord|12.9947|N|77.6138|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type       = Country
| subdivision_type         = Country
| subdivision_name       = India
| subdivision_name         = India
| subdivision_type1     = State
| subdivision_type1       = State
| subdivision_name1     = Karnataka
| subdivision_name1       = Karnataka
| subdivision_type2     = District
| subdivision_type2       = District
| subdivision_name2     = Bangalore Urban
| subdivision_name2       = Bangalore Urban
| subdivision_type3     = Metro
| subdivision_type3       = Metro
| subdivision_name3     = Bangalore
| subdivision_name3       = Bangalore
| established_title     = Established
| established_title       = Established
| established_date       =  
| established_date         =  
| founder               =  
| founder                 =  
| named_for             =  
| named_for               =  
| government_type       =  
| government_type         =  
| governing_body         = [[Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike|BBMP]]
| governing_body           = [[Bruhat Bangalore Mahanagara Palike|BBMP]]
| unit_pref             = Metric
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_footnotes         =  
| area_footnotes           =  
| area_rank =  
| area_rank               =  
| area_total_km2         =  
| area_total_km2           =  
| elevation_footnotes   =  
| elevation_footnotes     =  
| elevation_m           =  
| elevation_m             =  
| population_total       =  
| population_total         =  
| population_as_of       =  
| population_as_of         =  
| population_rank =  
| population_rank         =  
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2   = auto
| population_demonym     =  
| population_demonym       =  
| population_note       =  
| population_note         =  
| demographics_type1     = Languages
| demographics_type1       = Languages
| demographics1_title1   = Official
| demographics1_title1     = Official
| demographics1_info1   = Kannada
| demographics1_info1     = Kannada
| demographics1_title2   = Spoken
| demographics1_title2     = Spoken
| demographics1_info2   = Kannada, English, Urdu
| demographics1_info2     = Kannada, English, Tamil, Urdu
| timezone1             = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1           = +5:30
| utc_offset1             = +5:30
| postal_code_type       = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code_type         = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code           = 560005
| postal_code             = 560005
| registration_plate     =  
| registration_plate       =  
| blank1_name_sec1       = [[Lok Sabha]] Constituency
| blank1_name_sec1         = [[Lok Sabha]] Constituency
| blank1_info_sec1       = Bangalore Central
| blank1_info_sec1         = Bangalore Central
| blank2_name_sec1       = [[Vidhan Sabha]] Constituency
| blank2_name_sec1         = [[Vidhan Sabha]] Constituency
| blank2_info_sec1       = Jayamahal
| blank2_info_sec1         = Jayamahal
| blank3_name_sec1       = Original Planning Agency
| blank3_name_sec1         = Original Planning Agency
| blank3_info_sec1       = Bangalore Civil & Military Station Municipal Commission
| blank3_info_sec1         = Bangalore Civil & Military Station Municipal Commission
| blank4_name_sec1       = Established
| blank4_name_sec1         = Established
| blank4_info_sec1       = 8 March 1907
| blank4_info_sec1         = 8 March 1907
| website               =  
| website                 =  
| footnotes             =  
| footnotes               =  
| official_name         =  
| official_name           =  
}}
}}


'''Fraser Town''' (sometimes corrupted as Frazer Town, officially Pulakeshinagar), is a suburb of [[Bangalore Cantonment]], in Bangalore North-East, spread over 4 km2. It was established in 1906 and is named after [[Stuart Fraser (diplomat)|Stuart Mitford Fraser]] (1864-1963), who was the tutor and guardian of [[Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV]], Maharaja of [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]].<ref name="My Bangalore">{{cite web|title=Frazer Town|url=http://www.mybangalore.com/locality/fraser-town.html|publisher=My Bangalore|access-date=23 December 2014}}</ref> Fraser Town was established to de-congest the growing Bangalore Civil and Military Station (otherwise known as the [[Bangalore Cantonment]]).<ref name=Dasharathi>{{cite web|last1=Dasharathi|first1=Poornima|title=Cantonment: colonial past, multicultural present|url=http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/295-bangalore-cantonment|publisher=Citizen Matters|access-date=23 December 2014|date=23 July 2008}}</ref> The foundation of Fraser Town was laid in August 1910 by Mrs. F J Richards, with a commemorative plaque on the corner of Coles Road and [[Mosque Road]] [https://www.google.com.au/maps/@12.9959189,77.6133888,20z].<ref name=Aliyeh2>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Say a little prayer|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Say-a-little-prayer/articleshow/43100609.cms|access-date=29 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Bangalore Mirror|date=21 September 2014}}</ref> Fraser Town is a residential and commercial suburb, the prominent roads being Promenade Road, Netaji Road, Madhavraya Mudaliar Road (M M Road), Haines Road, Spencer Road, Wheeler Road, Mosque Road, etc. The suburb is known for its communal harmony with Hindus, Muslims and Christians living side by side in peace.<ref name="My Bangalore"/>
'''Pulakeshi Nagara,''' is commonly known as '''Fraser Town.''' It is a suburb of [[Bangalore Cantonment]], in Bangalore North-East, spread over 4 sq. km. It was established in 1906 and is named after [[Stuart Fraser (diplomat)|Stuart Mitford Fraser]] (1864–1963), who was the tutor and guardian of [[Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV]], Maharaja of [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]].<ref name="My Bangalore">{{cite web|title=Frazer Town|url=http://www.mybangalore.com/locality/fraser-town.html|publisher=My Bangalore|access-date=23 December 2022}}</ref> Fraser Town was established to de-congest the growing Bangalore Civil and Military Station (otherwise known as the [[Bangalore Cantonment]]).<ref name=Dasharathi>{{cite web|last1=Dasharathi|first1=Poornima|title=Cantonment: colonial past, multicultural present|url=http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/295-bangalore-cantonment|publisher=Citizen Matters|access-date=23 December 2014|date=23 July 2022}}</ref> The foundation of Fraser Town was laid in August 1910 by Mrs. F J Richards, with a commemorative plaque on the corner of Coles Road and [[Mosque Road]].<ref name=Aliyeh2>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Say a little prayer|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Say-a-little-prayer/articleshow/43100609.cms|access-date=29 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Bangalore Mirror|date=21 September 2022}}</ref> Fraser Town is a residential and commercial suburb, the prominent roads being Promenade Road, Netaji Road, Madhavraya Mudaliar Road (M M Road), Haines Road, Spencer Road, Wheeler Road, Mosque Road, etc. The suburb is known for its communal harmony with Hindus, Muslims and Christians living side by side in peace.<ref name="My Bangalore"/> Before being known as Fraser Town, the suburb was called Mootocherry by the locals.<ref name=Aliyeh1>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=No apologies for memories here|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/no-apologies-for-memories-here/article4883179.ece|access-date=29 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=5 July 2022}}</ref> In 1988, the BBMP renamed Fraser Town as Pulakeshinagar, after an ancient King who ruled the Deccan.<ref name=Prashanth>{{cite news|last1=Prashanth|first1=G N|title=It's all in the new name|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Its-all-in-the-new-name/articleshow/7976406.cms|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Times of India|date=14 April 2022}}</ref> However, the name has not caught on and continues to be popularly known as Fraser Town.<ref name=Bigg>{{cite book|last1=Bigg|first1=Margot|title=Moon Living Abroad in India: Living Abroad Series|date=15 Mar 2011|publisher=Avalon Travel|isbn=9781598807424|pages=328|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5f4xjuSLU0C&q=pulakeshinagar+or+fraser+town&pg=PT260|access-date=23 December 2022}}</ref><ref name=City-Guide>{{cite web|title=Frazer Town |url=http://www.thecityguide.in/Bangalore/North-Bangalore/Frazer-Town/Restaurants/Cuppa-SSSHJU/ |website=The City Guide |access-date=23 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223165838/http://www.thecityguide.in/Bangalore/North-Bangalore/Frazer-Town/Restaurants/Cuppa-SSSHJU/ |archive-date=23 December 2014 }}</ref><ref name=Sakuntala>{{cite web|last1=Narasimhan|first1=Sakuntala|title=Road names change, roads don't|url=http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/print/3473-bbmps-road-neighbourhood-renaming-exercises|website=Citizen Matters|access-date=23 December 2014|ref=14 November 2022}}</ref><ref name=Patrao2 />
Before being known as Fraser Town, the suburb was called Mootocherry by the locals.<ref name=Aliyeh1>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=No apologies for memories here|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/no-apologies-for-memories-here/article4883179.ece|access-date=29 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=5 July 2013}}</ref> In 1988, the BBMP renamed Fraser Town as Pulakeshinagar, after an ancient King who ruled the Deccan.<ref name=Prashanth>{{cite news|last1=Prashanth|first1=G N|title=It's all in the new name|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/Its-all-in-the-new-name/articleshow/7976406.cms|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Times of India|date=14 April 2011}}</ref> However, the name has not caught on and continues to be popularly known as Fraser Town.<ref name=Bigg>{{cite book|last1=Bigg|first1=Margot|title=Moon Living Abroad in India: Living Abroad Series|date=15 Mar 2011|publisher=Avalon Travel|isbn=9781598807424|pages=328|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5f4xjuSLU0C&q=pulakeshinagar+or+fraser+town&pg=PT260|access-date=23 December 2014}}</ref><ref name=City-Guide>{{cite web|title=Frazer Town |url=http://www.thecityguide.in/Bangalore/North-Bangalore/Frazer-Town/Restaurants/Cuppa-SSSHJU/ |website=The City Guide |access-date=23 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223165838/http://www.thecityguide.in/Bangalore/North-Bangalore/Frazer-Town/Restaurants/Cuppa-SSSHJU/ |archive-date=23 December 2014 }}</ref><ref name=Sakuntala>{{cite web|last1=Narasimhan|first1=Sakuntala|title=Road names change, roads don't|url=http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/print/3473-bbmps-road-neighbourhood-renaming-exercises|website=Citizen Matters|access-date=23 December 2014|ref=14 November 2014}}</ref><ref name=Patrao2 />
 
==Coles Park==
Coles Park [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Coles+Park/@12.994202,77.60904,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3bae16f596e49e3f:0xcfe81926f457a4c6] (corruption of Cole's Park) is one of the popular parks in Fraser Town, located West of St. John's Hill, enclosed Promenade Road, Haines Road, Kemp Road, St. John's Church Road and Saunders Road.<ref name=Ronnie /> Coles Park is named after  [[Arthur Henry Cole]] (1780-1844), British Resident of Mysore (1809, 1812),<ref name=Deccan>{{cite news|last1=Achanta|first1=Pushpa|title=Lung space touched by history|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/360303/lung-space-touched-history.html|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=1 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=Aliyeh-Goodwill>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Resident Rendezvoyeur: Goodwill Hunting|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-Goodwill-Hunting/articleshow/46254102.cms|access-date=25 February 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Bangalore Mirror|date=15 February 2015}}</ref> who went on to become the Member of Parliament on return to Ireland, representing [[Enniskillen]] between 1828-1844.<ref name=MP>{{cite book|last1=Fisher|first1=DR|title=The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1820-1832|date=2009|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1820-1832/member/cole-hon-arthur-1780-1844|access-date=29 December 2014}}</ref> Arthur Henry Cole paid an important role in getting the support of the [[Maharaja of Mysore]] for the construction of [[St. Bartholomew's Church, Mysore|St. Bartholomew's Church]] in [[Mysore]].<ref name=TOI-Cole>{{cite news|title=Serving the humanity for centuries|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mysuru/Serving-the-humanity-for-centuries/articleshow/7129342.cms|access-date=3 February 2015|issue=Mysore|work=The Times of India|date=19 December 2010}}</ref> Covering an areas an area of 27,280m<sup>2</sup>, Coles Park was established in 1914.<ref name=Patrao-DH>{{cite news|last1=Patrao|first1=Michael|title=When parks were a lark|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/374962/when-parks-were-lark.html|access-date=20 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=17 December 2013}}</ref> Coles Park was once in its peak of glory with a bandstand and 3 tennis courts. The Band of the Bangalore Rifle Volunteers, played at the bandstand every first Saturday of the month. YWCA used to run of the tennis courts.<ref name=Ronnie /><ref name=Deccan /> The park is fairly maintained, even though there is some encroachments. Coles Park is officially known as the Freedom Fighters Park, however still popularly known by its former name.<ref name=Ronnie>{{cite web|last1=Johnson|first1=Ronnie|title=Glimpses of a Shattered Bangalore|url=http://www.oocities.org/athens/Acropolis/9449/ajjj.htm|access-date=23 December 2014}}</ref><ref name=Patrao-DH /> The Park is open between 5AM to 11PM, but the Nursery is closed except during the [[Lal Bagh, Bengaluru|Lalbagh]] Flower Show. The [[Madras Engineer Group|Madras Sappers]] Regiment has a memorial for fallen Indian soldiers in various conflicts, including the [[Kargil War|Kargil Conflict]].<ref name=Deccan />
 
The Wesleyan Tamil Mission was established in Bangalore by Rev. [[Elijah Hoole]] and James Mowatt in April 1821,<ref name=Hoole>{{cite book|last1=Hoole|first1=Elijah|title=Personal Narrative of a Mission to the South of India, from 1820 to 1828|date=1829|publisher=Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/personalnarrati00hoolgoog/page/n368 332]|url=https://archive.org/details/personalnarrati00hoolgoog|quote=Elijah Hoole bangalore.|access-date=5 May 2015}}</ref><ref name=Register>{{cite book|title=Missionary Register|date=1822|publisher=Seeley, Jackson, & Halliday|location=London|page=[https://archive.org/details/missionaryregis02socigoog/page/n89 77]|url=https://archive.org/details/missionaryregis02socigoog|quote=bangalore.|access-date=5 May 2015}}</ref> in the location where the [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwill's Girls School]] and the Wesley English Church is presently located, North of Coles Park. [[Elijah Hoole]] in his book '''''Personal Narrative of a Mission to the South of India, from 1820 to 1828''''' acknowledges the help rendered by the British Resident in Mysore, Arthur Henry Cole, in getting the support of the Maharaja of Mysore (p.&nbsp;73, 74, 84, 85, 86, 207).<ref name=Hoole />


==People and culture==
==People and culture==
Like in other suburbs of the [[Bangalore Cantonment]], Fraser Town has a large [[Kannada People|Kannada]] population. They trace their ancestry to the large number of native kannadigas Fraser Town along with other suburbs of the [[Bangalore Cantonment]] was directly under the administration of the British [[Madras Presidency]] till 1949, when it was handed over to the [[Mysore State]].<ref name=Dasharathi /><ref name=Srivatsa>{{cite news|last1=Srivatsa|first1=Sharath S|title=Bangalore calling: it all goes way back…|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/article1939954.ece|access-date=3 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=31 October 2007}}</ref><ref name=Arul>{{cite web|last1=Steve|first1=Arul|title=Specialization On Social And Cultural Indifference Among Kgf Tamil Migrants|url=https://arulsteve736.wordpress.com/2013/04/17/specialization-on-social-and-cultural-indifference-among-kgf-tamil-migrants/|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=17 April 2013}}</ref><ref name=Aliyeh3>{{cite web|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Greet.Meat.Eat.|url=https://aturquoisecloud.wordpress.com/2013/07/18/greet-meat-eat/|website=A Turquoise Cloud|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=18 July 2013}}</ref><ref name=Aam>{{cite web|last1=Aam AdMo|title=Right to be a Minority institution (and make majority profits)|url=https://aamadmo.wordpress.com/2012/07/07/right-to-be-a-minority-institution-and-make-majority-profits/|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=7 July 2012}}</ref><ref name=Harshitha2>{{cite web|last1=Harshitha|first1=Samyuktha|title=The Mootocherry of Bangalore|url=http://ramubangalore.blogspot.com.au/2013/06/the-mootocherry-of-bangalore.html|website=Suttha Muttha|publisher=Blogspot,com.au|access-date=4 January 2015|date=1 June 2013}}</ref>
Like in other suburbs of the [[Bangalore Cantonment]], Fraser Town has a large [[Tamil People|Tamil]] population. They trace their ancestry to the large number of Tamil soldiers, suppliers and workers who were brought into the Bangalore Civil and Military Station, by the British Army, after the [[Siege of Seringapatam (1799)|fall of Tippu Sultan]]. Fraser Town along with other suburbs of the [[Bangalore Cantonment]] was directly under the administration of the British [[Madras Presidency]] till 1949, when it was handed over to the [[Mysore State]].<ref name=Dasharathi /><ref name=Srivatsa>{{cite news|last1=Srivatsa|first1=Sharath S|title=Bangalore calling: it all goes way back…|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/article1939954.ece|access-date=3 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=31 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=Arul>{{cite web|last1=Steve|first1=Arul|title=Specialization On Social And Cultural Indifference Among Kgf Tamil Migrants|url=https://arulsteve736.wordpress.com/2013/04/17/specialization-on-social-and-cultural-indifference-among-kgf-tamil-migrants/|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=17 April 2022}}</ref><ref name=Aliyeh3>{{cite web|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Greet.Meat.Eat.|url=https://aturquoisecloud.wordpress.com/2013/07/18/greet-meat-eat/|website=A Turquoise Cloud|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=18 July 2022}}</ref><ref name=Aam>{{cite web|last1=Aam AdMo|title=Right to be a Minority institution (and make majority profits)|url=https://aamadmo.wordpress.com/2012/07/07/right-to-be-a-minority-institution-and-make-majority-profits/|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=7 July 2022}}</ref><ref name=Harshitha2>{{cite web|last1=Harshitha|first1=Samyuktha|title=The Mootocherry of Bangalore|url=http://ramubangalore.blogspot.com.au/2013/06/the-mootocherry-of-bangalore.html|website=Suttha Muttha|publisher=Blogspot,com.au|access-date=4 January 2015|date=1 June 2022}}</ref>
 
Fraser Town is home to a large Christian population, dating back to the days of the British Raj.<ref name=Rajendran>{{cite news|last1=Rajendran|first1=S|title=Bangaloreans show their accommodating spirit|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2005/01/23/stories/2005012317490300.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150104062519/http://www.thehindu.com/2005/01/23/stories/2005012317490300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 January 2015|access-date=4 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=23 January 2005}}</ref><ref name=SujNatureLover>{{cite web|last1=SujNatureLover|title=A walk down Richards Town|url=http://sujnaturelover.wordpress.com/2014/01/28/a-walk-down-richards-town/|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=28 January 2014}}</ref> Majority of the Christians were converted from [[Tamil People|Tamil]] speaking Hindus in the 19th Century, and have contributed towards building the Bangalore Cantonment.<ref name=Eswarappa>{{cite journal|last1=Eswarappa|first1=B|title=Changing Social Geography of Bangalore City - India: A Study|journal=Annals of the University of Craiova – Series Geography|date=2007|volume=10|pages=107, 110|url=http://analegeo.ro/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Articolul-11-B-Eswarappa.pdf|access-date=23 December 2014}}</ref> Economically well off Muslims of the [[Bangalore Cantonment]] prefer to live in Fraser Town.<ref name=Jaffrelot>{{cite book|last1=Christophe|first1=Jaffrelot|last2=Gayer|first2=Laurent|title=Muslims in Indian Cities: Trajectories of Marginalisation|date=2013|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers India|pages=416|isbn=9789350295557|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ixrT-ldIWZMC&q=fraser+town+bangalore+history+deccan+herald&pg=PT198|access-date=23 December 2014}}</ref> The suburb serves as an best example for unity in diversity.<ref name="My Bangalore" /> Hindus and Christians do not play loud music or cause disturbance during the time of breaking the Roza (fast) during the Muslim Holy month of Ramzan.<ref name=Express>{{cite news|last1=Mohammed|first1=Yacoob|title=Communal harmony over street food|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/article592093.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=New Indian Express|date=20 August 2012}}</ref> Muslims also reciprocate by co-operating and during the St. Marys's Feast (observed by Christians and Hindus of the Cantonment),<ref name=Marys>{{cite web|title=St. Mary's Basilica|url=http://www.stmarysbasilica.in/history.htm|publisher=St. Mary's Basilica|access-date=23 December 2014}}</ref> and Christmas Celebrations<ref name=Hindu-Russell>{{cite news|title=Christmas cheer at Russell Market|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/christmas-cheer-at-russell-market/article5494422.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=23 December 2013}}</ref>


Cartoonist Paul Fernandes, who has a studio aPaulogy - Gallery of Curious Memories [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/aPaulogy+Gallery/@13.0016062,77.6183011,21z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x3bae16fa8cb44f39:0x2c990b2df0b16e4!8m2!3d13.001643!4d77.6183231] in the neighbouring suburb of Richards Town, has paintings depicting of the life in Fraser Town, and [[Bangalore Cantonment]] in general. [[St. Francis Xavier's Cathedral, Bangalore|St. Francis Xavier's Cathedral]] and [[St. John's Church, Bangalore|St. John's Church]] (called as Sigapoo Oosimatha Koil or Red Church by the locals) predominating the skyline. A traffic jam near the Fraser Town Police Station, Everest Theatre, Dewar's Bar with its waiters attired in 'veshtis', Thom's Café, etc.<ref name=Aliyeh1 /><ref name=Poornima-DH>{{cite news|last1=Dasharathi|first1=Poornima|title=Where time stands still...|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/323131/where-time-stands-still.html|access-date=2 February 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=2 April 2013}}</ref>
Fraser Town is home to a large Christian population, dating back to the days of the British Raj.<ref name=Rajendran>{{cite news|last1=Rajendran|first1=S|title=Bangaloreans show their accommodating spirit|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2005/01/23/stories/2005012317490300.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150104062519/http://www.thehindu.com/2005/01/23/stories/2005012317490300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 January 2015|access-date=4 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=23 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=SujNatureLover>{{cite web|last1=SujNatureLover|title=A walk down Richards Town|url=http://sujnaturelover.wordpress.com/2014/01/28/a-walk-down-richards-town/|publisher=Word Press|access-date=4 January 2015|date=28 January 2022}}</ref> The Wesleyan Tamil Mission was established in Bangalore by Rev. [[Elijah Hoole]] and James Mowatt in April 1821,<ref name="Hoole">{{cite book |last1=Hoole |first1=Elijah |url=https://archive.org/details/personalnarrati00hoolgoog |title=Personal Narrative of a Mission to the South of India, from 1820 to 1828 |date=1829 |publisher=Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green |location=London |pages=73, 74, 84, 85, 86, 207 |quote=Elijah Hoole bangalore. |access-date=5 May 2022}}</ref><ref name="Register">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/missionaryregis02socigoog |title=Missionary Register |date=1822 |publisher=Seeley, Jackson, & Halliday |location=London |page=[https://archive.org/details/missionaryregis02socigoog/page/n89 77] |quote=bangalore. |access-date=5 May 2022}}</ref> in the location where the [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwill's Girls School]] and the Wesley English Church is presently located, North of Coles Park. [[Elijah Hoole]] in his book "Personal Narrative of a Mission to the South of India, from 1820 to 1828" acknowledges the help rendered by the British Resident in Mysore, Arthur Henry Cole, in getting the support of the Maharaja of Mysore.<ref name="Hoole" /> Majority of the Christians were converted from [[Tamil People|Tamil]] speaking Hindus in the 19th Century, and have contributed towards building the Bangalore Cantonment.<ref name=Eswarappa>{{cite journal|last1=Eswarappa|first1=B|title=Changing Social Geography of Bangalore City - India: A Study|journal=Annals of the University of Craiova – Series Geography|date=2007|volume=10|pages=107, 110|url=http://analegeo.ro/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Articolul-11-B-Eswarappa.pdf|access-date=23 December 2022}}</ref> Economically well off Muslims of the [[Bangalore Cantonment]] prefer to live in Fraser Town.<ref name=Jaffrelot>{{cite book|last1=Christophe|first1=Jaffrelot|last2=Gayer|first2=Laurent|title=Muslims in Indian Cities: Trajectories of Marginalisation|date=2013|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers India|pages=416|isbn=9789350295557|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ixrT-ldIWZMC&q=fraser+town+bangalore+history+deccan+herald&pg=PT198|access-date=23 December 2022}}</ref> The suburb serves as an best example for unity in diversity.<ref name="My Bangalore" /> Hindus and Christians do not play loud music or cause disturbance during the time of breaking the Roza (fast) during the Muslim Holy month of Ramzan.<ref name=Express>{{cite news|last1=Mohammed|first1=Yacoob|title=Communal harmony over street food|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/article592093.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=New Indian Express|date=20 August 2022}}</ref> Muslims also reciprocate by co-operating and during the St. Marys's Feast (observed by Christians and Hindus of the Cantonment)<ref name=Marys>{{cite web|title=St. Mary's Basilica|url=http://www.stmarysbasilica.in/history.htm|publisher=St. Mary's Basilica|access-date=23 December 2022}}</ref> and Christmas Celebrations<ref name=Hindu-Russell>{{cite news|title=Christmas cheer at Russell Market|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/christmas-cheer-at-russell-market/article5494422.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=23 December 2022}}</ref>


==Colonial Heritage==
==Colonial Heritage==
The streets of Fraser Town, like that of most in the [[Bangalore Cantonment]], are named after European civil servants, military officers and missionaries. Coles Park and Coles Road after Arthur Henry Cole (1780-1844), Resident of [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]]. Haines Road named after Lt. Col. Gregory Haines, Superintendent of the Bangalore Division under Sir [[Mark Cubbon]]. Saunders Road named after Charles Burslam Saunders, the Judicial Commissioner at Mysore, who succeeded Sir [[Mark Cubbon]] as Commissioner  of Mysore, serving between 1875-1877. Robertson Road, named after Col. Donald Robertson. Wheeler Road, Cleveland Road and surrounding Cleveland Town named after General John Wheeler Cleveland, who along with his wife is buried in the Kalpalli Cemetery.  
The streets of Fraser Town, like that of most in the [[Bangalore Cantonment]], are named after European civil servants, military officers and missionaries. Coles Park and Coles Road after Arthur Henry Cole (1780-1844), Resident of [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]]. Haines Road named after Lt. Col. Gregory Haines, Superintendent of the Bangalore Division under Sir [[Mark Cubbon (army officer)|Mark Cubbon]]. Saunders Road named after Charles Burslam Saunders, the Judicial Commissioner at Mysore, who succeeded Sir [[Mark Cubbon (army officer)|Mark Cubbon]] as Commissioner  of Mysore, serving between 1875-1877. Robertson Road, named after Col. Donald Robertson. Wheeler Road, Cleveland Road and surrounding Cleveland Town named after General John Wheeler Cleveland, who along with his wife is buried in the Kalpalli Cemetery.  


Fraser Town was planned after many areas of Bangalore were hit by the plague especially Knoxpet, now called [[Murphy Town, Bangalore|Murphy Town]]. J. H. Stephens, the Municipal Engineer to the Corporation of Civil and Military Station of Bangalore till 1912, wrote a book called [https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.8497/page/n1/mode/2up Plague-proof Town Planning], detailing how Fraser Town was designed and built.  
Fraser Town was planned after many areas of Bangalore were hit by the plague especially Knoxpet, now called [[Murphy Town, Bangalore|Murphy Town]]. J. H. Stephens, the Municipal Engineer to the Corporation of Civil and Military Station of Bangalore till 1912, wrote a book called [https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.8497/page/n1/mode/2up Plague-proof Town Planning], detailing how Fraser Town was designed and built.  
[[File:FraserTown-1914-Plague-proof-town-planning-by-JH-Stephens.jpeg|thumb|right|Fraser town, View of a block of buildings in erection. Plague-proof Town Planning by J H Stephens 1914]]
[[File:FraserTown-1914-Plague-proof-town-planning-by-JH-Stephens.jpeg|thumb|right|View of a block of buildings in erection. Plague-proof Town Planning by J H Stephens 1914]]
 


Richard's Park and surrounding Richard's Town after F J Richards, President of the Bangalore Civil and Military Station Municipality between 1908 and 1912, who is credited with starting the Dairy Farm and Veterinary Hospital on Queen's Road, and improving the Ulsoor Lake. Neighbouring [[Cooke Town]] is named after G H Cooke, President of the Bangalore Civil and Military Station Municipality between 1928 and 1934, with the Mayo Hall being constructed during his tenure. Further Durbar surgeons Sir. John Colin Campbell has Campbell Road named after him, and Dr. P H Benson has Benson Town named after him.<ref name=Aliyeh4>{{cite news|last1=Aliyeh|first1=Rizvi|title=Resident Rendezvoyeur: What's in a name?|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-Whats-in-a-name/articleshow/48319737.cms|access-date=11 August 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Bangalore Mirror|date=2 August 2015}}</ref>
Richard's Park and surrounding Richard's Town after F J Richards, President of the Bangalore Civil and Military Station Municipality between 1908 and 1912, who is credited with starting the Dairy Farm and Veterinary Hospital on Queen's Road, and improving the Ulsoor Lake. Neighbouring [[Cooke Town]] is named after G H Cooke, President of the Bangalore Civil and Military Station Municipality between 1928 and 1934, with the Mayo Hall being constructed during his tenure. Further Durbar surgeons Sir. John Colin Campbell has Campbell Road named after him, and Dr. P H Benson has Benson Town named after him.<ref name=Aliyeh4>{{cite news|last1=Aliyeh|first1=Rizvi|title=Resident Rendezvoyeur: What's in a name?|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-Whats-in-a-name/articleshow/48319737.cms|access-date=11 August 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Bangalore Mirror|date=2 August 2022}}</ref>


==Inscription==
==Inscription==
[[File:Fraser Town Foundation.jpg|thumb|150px|Fraser Town Foundation]]
[[File:Fraser Town Foundation.jpg|thumb|150px|Fraser Town Foundation]]
Inscription on the commemorative plaque on the corner of Coles Road and Mosque Road [https://www.google.com.au/maps/@12.9959189,77.6133888,20z], reads
Inscription on the commemorative plaque on the corner of Coles Road and Mosque Road, reads<ref name=Muthuramalingam>{{cite web|last1=Muthuramalingam|first1=Vivek|title=A walk down Fraser Town|url=https://sujnaturelover.wordpress.com/2014/12/27/a-walk-down-fraser-town/|access-date=11 August 2015|date=27 December 2022}}</ref>
{{Quotation|
{{Quotation|
:FRASER TOWN
:FRASER TOWN
Line 100: Line 91:
:christened by
:christened by
:MRS F. J. RICHARDS
:MRS F. J. RICHARDS
:AUGUST 1910}}<ref name=Muthuramalingam>{{cite web|last1=Muthuramalingam|first1=Vivek|title=A walk down Fraser Town|url=https://sujnaturelover.wordpress.com/2014/12/27/a-walk-down-fraser-town/|access-date=11 August 2015|date=27 December 2015}}</ref>
:AUGUST 1910}}


==Landmarks==
==Landmarks==
===Coles Park===
Coles Park is one of the popular parks in Fraser Town, located West of St. John's Hill, enclosed Promenade Road, Haines Road, Kemp Road, St. John's Church Road and Saunders Road.<ref name=Ronnie /> Coles Park is named after  [[Arthur Henry Cole]] (1780-1844), British Resident of Mysore (1809, 1812),<ref name=Deccan>{{cite news|last1=Achanta|first1=Pushpa|title=Lung space touched by history|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/360303/lung-space-touched-history.html|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=1 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=Aliyeh-Goodwill>{{cite news|last1=Rizvi|first1=Aliyeh|title=Resident Rendezvoyeur: Goodwill Hunting|url=http://www.bangaloremirror.com/columns/others/Resident-Rendezvoyeur-Goodwill-Hunting/articleshow/46254102.cms|access-date=25 February 2015|agency=Bangalore Mirror Bureau|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Bangalore Mirror|date=15 February 2022}}</ref> who went on to become the Member of Parliament on return to Ireland, representing [[Enniskillen]] between 1828-1844.<ref name=MP>{{cite book|last1=Fisher|first1=DR|title=The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1820-1832|date=2009|publisher=Cambridge University Press|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1820-1832/member/cole-hon-arthur-1780-1844|access-date=29 December 2022}}</ref> Arthur Henry Cole paid an important role in getting the support of the [[Maharaja of Mysore]] for the construction of [[St. Bartholomew's Church, Mysore|St. Bartholomew's Church]] in [[Mysore]].<ref name=TOI-Cole>{{cite news|title=Serving the humanity for centuries|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mysuru/Serving-the-humanity-for-centuries/articleshow/7129342.cms|access-date=3 February 2015|issue=Mysore|work=The Times of India|date=19 December 2022}}</ref> Covering an areas an area of 27,280m<sup>2</sup>, Coles Park was established in 1914.<ref name=Patrao-DH>{{cite news|last1=Patrao|first1=Michael|title=When parks were a lark|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/374962/when-parks-were-lark.html|access-date=20 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=17 December 2022}}</ref> Coles Park was once in its peak of glory with a bandstand and 3 tennis courts. The Band of the Bangalore Rifle Volunteers, played at the bandstand every first Saturday of the month. YWCA used to run of the tennis courts.<ref name=Ronnie /><ref name=Deccan /> The park is fairly maintained, even though there is some encroachments. Coles Park is officially known as the Freedom Fighters Park, however still popularly known by its former name.<ref name=Ronnie>{{cite web|last1=Johnson|first1=Ronnie|title=Glimpses of a Shattered Bangalore|url=http://www.oocities.org/athens/Acropolis/9449/ajjj.htm|access-date=23 December 2022}}</ref><ref name=Patrao-DH /> The Park is open between 5AM to 11PM, but the Nursery is closed except during the [[Lal Bagh, Bengaluru|Lalbagh]] Flower Show. The [[Madras Engineer Group|Madras Sappers]] Regiment has a memorial for fallen Indian soldiers in various conflicts, including the [[Kargil War|Kargil Conflict]].<ref name=Deccan />


===Albert Bakery===
===Albert Bakery===
[[File:Fraser Town, Albert Bakery.jpg|thumb|180px|Fraser Town, Albert Bakery]]
[[File:Fraser Town, Albert Bakery.jpg|thumb|180px|Albert Bakery, Fraser Town]]
Albert Bakery [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Albert+Bakery/@12.996362,77.614031,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0xa81f09db40615b24] is a popular Bakery on Mosque Streets, attracting large crowds,<ref name=Albert1>{{cite web|title=Searching for the elusive Albert Bakery and other Iftar Tales (MM Road, Bangalore)|url=http://thefoodporndiaries.blogspot.com.au/2013/07/searching-for-elusive-albert-bakery-and.html|publisher=The Food Porn|access-date=23 December 2014|date=30 July 2013}}</ref> open between 3&nbsp;pm and 9&nbsp;pm, famous for its snacks, pastries and non-vegetarian food,<ref name=Albert2>{{cite web|title=Albert Bakery - Frazer Town|url=http://www.talkingstreet.in/albert-bakery/|publisher=Talking Street|access-date=23 December 2014|date=7 October 2014}}</ref> and during Ramzan, Albert Bakery is famous for its "bheja" or goat brain puffs.<ref name=WSJ>{{cite news|last1=Rana|first1=Preetika|title=Ramadan Delicacies in Bangalore|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2011/08/25/ramadan-delicacies-in-bangalore/|access-date=23 December 2014|publisher=Wall Street Journal|date=25 August 2011}}</ref> Albert Bakery was founded in 1902, by a Muslim, who felt that giving his bakery an English name would appeal to the cosmopolitan and European clientele in Fraser Town and named it after Prince Albert.<ref name=Albert3>{{cite news|last1=Springford|first1=Vomle|title=A leisure trip to City's heritage treasures|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/434389/a-leisure-trip-city039s-heritage.html|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=5 October 2014}}</ref><ref name=Albert4>{{cite news|last1=Rodricks|first1=Allan Moses|title=Take the cake and bakery too|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/take-the-cake-and-bakery-too/article5497488.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|work=The Hindu|date=24 December 2013}}</ref> Albert Bakery initially operated from a godown and was located in Sangam Lane, off Kamraj Road, and moved to the present Mosque Rd. premises in 1912.<ref name=Albert5>{{cite news|last1=Rodricks|first1=Allan Moses|title=A mouthful of goodness|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/a-mouthful-of-goodness/article6016483.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=16 May 2014}}</ref>
Albert Bakery is a popular Bakery on Mosque Streets, attracting large crowds,<ref name=Albert1>{{cite web|title=Searching for the elusive Albert Bakery and other Iftar Tales (MM Road, Bangalore)|url=http://thefoodporndiaries.blogspot.com.au/2013/07/searching-for-elusive-albert-bakery-and.html|publisher=The Food Porn|access-date=23 December 2014|date=30 July 2022}}</ref> famous for its snacks, pastries and non-vegetarian food,<ref name=Albert2>{{cite web|title=Albert Bakery - Frazer Town|url=http://www.talkingstreet.in/albert-bakery/|publisher=Talking Street|access-date=23 December 2014|date=7 October 2022}}</ref> and during Ramzan, Albert Bakery is famous for its "bheja" or goat brain puffs.<ref name=WSJ>{{cite news|last1=Rana|first1=Preetika|title=Ramadan Delicacies in Bangalore|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2011/08/25/ramadan-delicacies-in-bangalore/|access-date=23 December 2014|publisher=Wall Street Journal|date=25 August 2022}}</ref> Albert Bakery was founded in 1902, by a Muslim, who felt that giving his bakery an English name would appeal to the cosmopolitan and European clientele in Fraser Town and named it after Prince Albert.<ref name=Albert3>{{cite news|last1=Springford|first1=Vomle|title=A leisure trip to City's heritage treasures|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/434389/a-leisure-trip-city039s-heritage.html|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=5 October 2022}}</ref><ref name=Albert4>{{cite news|last1=Rodricks|first1=Allan Moses|title=Take the cake and bakery too|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/take-the-cake-and-bakery-too/article5497488.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|work=The Hindu|date=24 December 2022}}</ref> Albert Bakery initially operated from a godown and was located in Sangam Lane, off Kamraj Road, and moved to the present Mosque Rd. premises in 1912.<ref name=Albert5>{{cite news|last1=Rodricks|first1=Allan Moses|title=A mouthful of goodness|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Food/a-mouthful-of-goodness/article6016483.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=16 May 2022}}</ref>


===Haji Sir Ismail Sait Mosque===
===Haji Sir Ismail Sait Mosque===
[[File:Fraser Town, Sir Ismail Sait Mosque.jpg|thumb|180px|Fraser Town, Sir Ismail Sait Mosque]]
[[File:Fraser Town, Sir Ismail Sait Mosque.jpg|thumb|180px|Sir Ismail Sait Mosque, Fraser Town]]
Haji Sir Ismail Sait Mosque [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Hajee+Sir+Ismail+Sait+Masjid/@13.000955,77.615546,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3bae16f09213f7ff:0x3bd44ab86e0a5fd2] (named after Haji Sir [[Ismail Sait]], a prominent [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] speaking [[Kutchi Memon]] merchant of [[Bangalore Cantonment]] who built the mosque), is located in the posh locality of Fraser Town. It was built at a time when there were only a few Muslims in the suburb.  [[Ismail Sait|Haji Sir Ismail Sait]] arrived in Bangalore in 1870 from [[Cutch State|Cutch]], [[Gujarat]] with his parents. After the demise of his father, he started a small business on his own in 1874, and prospered expanding his business around Bangalore and also [[Chennai|Madras]], trading in goods and [[Kerosene]]. At the same time, he was involved in philanthropy and charitable work. Haji Sir Ismail Sait was honoured by the Mysore Government with the title ‘Fakrut-Tujjar', and the British Government knighted him at the [[Buckingham Palace]] in recognition of his philanthropy. Haji Sir Ismail Sait also served as a member of the [[Madras Legislative Council|Madras Presidency Legislative Council]] in 1911. Sir Ismail Sait also founded the Sir Ismail Sait Government Urdu Model Primary Boys and Girls School [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Hajee+Sir+Ismail+Sait+Masjid/@13.0001141,77.6158638,20z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x3bae16f09213f7ff:0x3bd44ab86e0a5fd2], an Urdu Primary School on Mosque Road and the Gosha Hospital [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Hsis+Gosha+Hospital/@12.9865587,77.6042488,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x3bae1661aaaaaaab:0x752a46fe33164099] at [[Shivajinagar, Bangalore|Shivajinagar]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nadwi|first1=Khursid Alam|title=Sir Ismail Sait Masjid, a Memon community's contribution|url=http://www.karnatakamuslims.com/portal/sir-ismail-sait-masjid-a-memon-communitys-contribution/|website=Karnataka Muslims|access-date=23 December 2014|date=2 September 2012}}</ref><ref name=Meera>{{cite news|last1=Iyer|first1=Meera|title=A cut above the rest|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/332174/a-cut-above-rest.html|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=14 May 2013}}</ref><ref name=Shiriyannar>{{cite news|last1=Shiriyannar|first1=Pravin D|title=Taking modernity in its stride|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Deccanherald/may172004/metro8.asp|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=17 May 2014}}</ref><ref name=Patrao>{{cite news|last1=Patrao|first1=Michael|title=A road for shopping and leisure|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/Sep202007/metrothurs2007091926166.asp|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=20 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223170442/http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/Sep202007/metrothurs2007091926166.asp|archive-date=23 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Ramani>{{cite news|last1=Ramani|first1=Chitra V|title=The key to a family's history too|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/the-key-to-a-familys-history-too/article3333230.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=20 April 2012}}</ref>
Haji Sir Ismail Sait Mosque (named after Haji Sir [[Ismail Sait]], a prominent [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] speaking [[Kutchi Memon]] merchant of [[Bangalore Cantonment]] who built the mosque), is located in the posh locality of Fraser Town. It was built at a time when there were only a few Muslims in the suburb.  [[Ismail Sait|Haji Sir Ismail Sait]] arrived in Bangalore in 1870 from [[Cutch State|Cutch]], [[Gujarat]] with his parents. After the demise of his father, he started a small business on his own in 1874, and prospered expanding his business around Bangalore and also [[Chennai|Madras]], trading in goods and [[Kerosene]]. At the same time, he was involved in philanthropy and charitable work. Haji Sir Ismail Sait was honoured by the Mysore Government with the title ‘Fakrut-Tujjar', and the British Government knighted him at the [[Buckingham Palace]] in recognition of his philanthropy. Haji Sir Ismail Sait also served as a member of the [[Madras Legislative Council|Madras Presidency Legislative Council]] in 1911. Sir Ismail Sait also founded the Sir Ismail Sait Government Urdu Model Primary Boys and Girls School, an Urdu Primary School on Mosque Road and the Gosha Hospital at [[Shivajinagar, Bangalore|Shivajinagar]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nadwi|first1=Khursid Alam|title=Sir Ismail Sait Masjid, a Memon community's contribution|url=http://www.karnatakamuslims.com/portal/sir-ismail-sait-masjid-a-memon-communitys-contribution/|website=Karnataka Muslims|access-date=23 December 2014|date=2 September 2022}}</ref><ref name=Meera>{{cite news|last1=Iyer|first1=Meera|title=A cut above the rest|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/332174/a-cut-above-rest.html|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=14 May 2022}}</ref><ref name=Shiriyannar>{{cite news|last1=Shiriyannar|first1=Pravin D|title=Taking modernity in its stride|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Deccanherald/may172004/metro8.asp|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=17 May 2022}}</ref><ref name=Patrao>{{cite news|last1=Patrao|first1=Michael|title=A road for shopping and leisure|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/Sep202007/metrothurs2007091926166.asp|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=20 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223170442/http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/Sep202007/metrothurs2007091926166.asp|archive-date=23 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Ramani>{{cite news|last1=Ramani|first1=Chitra V|title=The key to a family's history too|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/bangalore/the-key-to-a-familys-history-too/article3333230.ece|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|work=The Hindu|date=20 April 2022}}</ref>


===Bangalore East Railway Station===
===Bangalore East Railway Station===
[[File:Fraser Town, Bangalore East Station.jpg|thumb|180px|[[Bangalore East Railway Station]]. The original British period stone building.]]
[[Bangalore East Railway Station]] is an old British Era Railway Station surrounded by Pottery Road, Kumaraswamy Naidu Road, Murgesha Mudaliar Road and Kenchappa Road, is a small quaint station located in Fraser Town. This station is very convenient for residents travelling towards [[Kolar Gold Fields]] or returning from [[Chennai]]. Express and Mail trains did not stop here till the 1920s. The station is now renovated with a larger platform. Adjacent to Railway Station, there is the Bangalore East Football Grounds, which nowadays is more used for playing Cricket.<ref name=Patrao2>{{cite news|last1=Patrao|first1=Michael|title=Reminisces of the Raj|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/May192008/metromon2008051868688.asp|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=19 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223173753/http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/May192008/metromon2008051868688.asp|archive-date=23 December 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
{{main|Bangalore East Railway Station}}
[[Bangalore East Railway Station]][https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Bangalore+East+Railway+Station,+Pottery+Road,+Pulikeshi+Nagar,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka+560005,+India/@13.00127,77.61826,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3bae16f0726ecbeb:0x7ca2c860fb74f77] is an old British Era Railway Station surrounded by Pottery Road, Kumaraswamy Naidu Road, Murgesha Mudaliar Road and Kenchappa Road, is a small quaint station located in Fraser Town. This station is very convenient for residents travelling towards [[Kolar Gold Fields]] or returning from [[Madras]] or KGF. Express and Mail trains did not stop here till the 1920s. The station is now renovated with a larger platform. Adjacent to Railway Station, there is the Bangalore East Football Grounds, which nowadays is more used for playing Cricket.<ref name=Patrao2>{{cite news|last1=Patrao|first1=Michael|title=Reminisces of the Raj|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/May192008/metromon2008051868688.asp|access-date=23 December 2014|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Deccan Herald|date=19 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223173753/http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/May192008/metromon2008051868688.asp|archive-date=23 December 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Well known cartoonist Paul Fernandes, who remembers as a young boy befriending train drivers at this station, and getting grease for his bicycle.<ref name=Aliyeh1 />
 
 
==Other issues==
The Government First Grade College and a Tamil Primary Government School, is located at Robertson Road, near the Old Ashoka Theatre. The College is badly in need of a new building, with around 300 students at present being cramped into 5 rooms.<ref name=Sankar>{{cite news|last1=Sankar|first1=C G|title=Frazer Town college awaits new building|url=http://bangalore.citizenmatters.in/articles/4288-a-government-college-at-frazer-town-operates-in-a-tamil-school|access-date=3 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|publisher=Citizen Matters|date=25 June 2012}}</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery class="center" widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
<gallery class="center" widths="200" heights="150" perrow="4">
File:Bangalore East Railway Station, Ticket Counter.jpg|[[Bangalore East Railway Station]], Ticket Counter. The original British period stone building.
File:Fraser Town, Bangalore East Station.jpg|[[Bangalore East Railway Station]]. The original British period stone building.
File:Fraser Town, McDonalds.jpg|McDonald's, Fraser Town
File:Fraser Town, MM Road.jpg|MM Road, Fraser Town
File:Fraser Town, MM Road.jpg|MM Road, Fraser Town
File:Fraser Town, Post Office.jpg|Post Office, Fraser Town
File:St. Aloysius High School, Bangalore.jpg|St. Aloysius High School
File:Bangalore East Football Ground.jpg|Bangalore East Football Ground
File:Bangalore East Football Ground.jpg|Bangalore East Football Ground
</gallery>
</gallery>


==Notable institutions nearby==
==Notable institutions==
{{main|List of schools in Bangalore Cantonment}}
{{main|List of schools in Bangalore Cantonment}}
[[File:St. Aloysius High School, Bangalore.jpg|thumb|St. Aloysius High School, Bangalore]]
* Annaswamy Mudaliar's High School, between Moore Road and Mosque Road
[[File:St. Aloysius PU College, Bangalore.jpg|thumb|St. Aloysius PU College, Bangalore]]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Annaswamy+Mudaliar's+High+School/@12.9991731,77.6155722,18z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0xa2b9cbd2021410e1 Annaswamy Mudaliar's High School], between Moore Road and Mosque Road
* [[Clarence High School (India)|Clarence High School]]
* [[Clarence High School (India)|Clarence High School]]
* [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills Girls School]][https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Good+Will+Girls+High+School/@12.9954087,77.610342,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade+Rd,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka,+India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0xcabcf27554fc3a0e], Promenade Road
* [[Goodwill's Girls School, Bangalore|Goodwills Girls School]], Promenade Road
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/St+Aloysius+School/@12.992769,77.6125307,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade+Rd,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka,+India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0xb4d4a4b3ca1d171a St. Aloysius Middle School], St. John's Hill
* St. Aloysius High School, Assaye Road
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/St.+Aloysius+High+School/@12.992722,77.6174928,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade+Rd,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka,+India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0xef79bc37305ed1ef St. Aloysius High School], Assaye Road
* [[St Anthony's Boys School, Cleveland Town|St Anthony's Boys School]], St. John's Hill
* [[St Anthony's Boys School, Cleveland Town|St Anthony's Boys School]][https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/St+Anthonys+Boys+School/@12.992769,77.6125307,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade+Rd,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka,+India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0xd2ca4744f6451e28], St. John's Hill
* St. Francis Xavier Girls High School, St. John's Hill
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/St+Francis+Xavier+Girls+High+School/@12.9930983,77.6132442,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade+Rd,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka,+India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0x6cb063627fdde173 St. Francis Xavier Girls High School], St. John's Hill
* [[St. Germain High School|St. Germain High School, Fraser Town]]
* [[St. Germain High School|St. Germain High School, Fraser Town]]
* [[St. John's High School, Bangalore|St John's High School]]  
* [[St. John's High School, Bangalore|St John's High School]]  
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/RTC+Girls+High+School/@12.9930983,77.6132442,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade+Rd,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka,+India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0xdb1a8417c46fbbf St. Joseph's Convent (Rajamma Thambu Chetty School)], St. John's Hill
* St. Joseph's Convent (Rajamma Thambu Chetty School), St. John's Hill
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/St+Rock%60s+Girls+High+School/@12.9932917,77.6109106,18z/data=!4m7!1m4!3m3!1s0x3bae168d147f2395:0xa73102abd143afcc!2sPromenade+Rd,+Bengaluru,+Karnataka,+India!3b1!3m1!1s0x0:0x1d1b8d30944b4487 St Rock`s Girls High School], St. John's Hill
* St Rock`s Girls High School, St. John's Hill
*Florence High School, Viviani Road.
*Florence High School, Viviani Road.
==Other notable landmarks==
{{div col}}
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Post+Office/@12.9947435,77.6138435,16z/data=!4m5!1m2!2m1!1sfrazer+town+post+office!3m1!1s0x0000000000000000:0xc6c1aef3c80b001a Fraser Town Post Office]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/search/frazer+town+post+office/@12.9992347,77.6129744,20z Moore Road Market]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/State+Bank+of+India/@12.999747,77.6156432,19z/data=!4m5!1m2!2m1!1sfrazer+town+post+office!3m1!1s0x0000000000000000:0xa21e56f5a922887e State Bank of India, Fraser Town Branch]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Canara+Bank/@12.9964168,77.6120581,19z/data=!4m5!1m2!2m1!1sfrazer+town+post+office!3m1!1s0x0000000000000000:0x708a427908fa8393 Canara Bank, Fraser Town Branch]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/New+Delhi+Television+Limited+Ndtv/@12.9950055,77.6147886,19z/data=!4m5!1m2!2m1!1sfrazer+town+post+office!3m1!1s0x0000000000000000:0x005a824579de78a4 NDTV]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/dir/12.9959193,77.6082752/Santosh+Hospital,+No.6%2F1,+Promenade+Road,+Behind+Coles+Park,+Near+Goodwill+School,,+Cleveland+Town,+Frazer+Town,+Pulkeshi+Nagar,+Pulikeshi+Nagar,+Bangalore,+Karnataka+560005,+India/@12.995935,77.608243,17z/data=!4m8!4m7!1m0!1m5!1m1!1s0x3bae3cd14f0bd06b:0xf76668bdce2425d9!2m2!1d77.608243!2d12.995935 Santosh Hospital]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/search/frazer+town+post+office/@12.9998124,77.6115283,19z Ashoka Enclave (Former Ashoka Theatre)]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Annasawmy+Mudaliar+General+Hospital,+No.1,+Moore+Market+Square,+Bourdillon+Road,+560005/@12.9993733,77.6143286,18z/data=!4m5!1m2!2m1!1sfrazer+town+post+office!3m1!1s0x0000000000000000:0x19604cb9af4c1262 Annasawmy Mudaliar General Hospital]
* [https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Everest+Theater/@12.9993942,77.6163402,18z/data=!4m5!1m2!2m1!1sfrazer+town+post+office!3m1!1s0x0000000000000000:0x9b352ad3f2139a73 Everest Theater]
{{div col end}}


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 16:34, 7 December 2022

Pulakeshi Nagara
Fraser Town
Neighbourhood
Coordinates: 12°59′41″N 77°36′50″E / 12.9947°N 77.6138°E / 12.9947; 77.6138
CountryIndia
StateKarnataka
DistrictBangalore Urban
MetroBangalore
Government
 • BodyBBMP
Languages
 • OfficialKannada
 • SpokenKannada, English, Tamil, Urdu
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
560005
Lok Sabha ConstituencyBangalore Central
Vidhan Sabha ConstituencyJayamahal
Original Planning AgencyBangalore Civil & Military Station Municipal Commission
Established8 March 1907

Pulakeshi Nagara, is commonly known as Fraser Town. It is a suburb of Bangalore Cantonment, in Bangalore North-East, spread over 4 sq. km. It was established in 1906 and is named after Stuart Mitford Fraser (1864–1963), who was the tutor and guardian of Krishna Raja Wadiyar IV, Maharaja of Mysore.[1] Fraser Town was established to de-congest the growing Bangalore Civil and Military Station (otherwise known as the Bangalore Cantonment).[2] The foundation of Fraser Town was laid in August 1910 by Mrs. F J Richards, with a commemorative plaque on the corner of Coles Road and Mosque Road.[3] Fraser Town is a residential and commercial suburb, the prominent roads being Promenade Road, Netaji Road, Madhavraya Mudaliar Road (M M Road), Haines Road, Spencer Road, Wheeler Road, Mosque Road, etc. The suburb is known for its communal harmony with Hindus, Muslims and Christians living side by side in peace.[1] Before being known as Fraser Town, the suburb was called Mootocherry by the locals.[4] In 1988, the BBMP renamed Fraser Town as Pulakeshinagar, after an ancient King who ruled the Deccan.[5] However, the name has not caught on and continues to be popularly known as Fraser Town.[6][7][8][9]

People and culture[edit | edit source]

Like in other suburbs of the Bangalore Cantonment, Fraser Town has a large Tamil population. They trace their ancestry to the large number of Tamil soldiers, suppliers and workers who were brought into the Bangalore Civil and Military Station, by the British Army, after the fall of Tippu Sultan. Fraser Town along with other suburbs of the Bangalore Cantonment was directly under the administration of the British Madras Presidency till 1949, when it was handed over to the Mysore State.[2][10][11][12][13][14]

Fraser Town is home to a large Christian population, dating back to the days of the British Raj.[15][16] The Wesleyan Tamil Mission was established in Bangalore by Rev. Elijah Hoole and James Mowatt in April 1821,[17][18] in the location where the Goodwill's Girls School and the Wesley English Church is presently located, North of Coles Park. Elijah Hoole in his book "Personal Narrative of a Mission to the South of India, from 1820 to 1828" acknowledges the help rendered by the British Resident in Mysore, Arthur Henry Cole, in getting the support of the Maharaja of Mysore.[17] Majority of the Christians were converted from Tamil speaking Hindus in the 19th Century, and have contributed towards building the Bangalore Cantonment.[19] Economically well off Muslims of the Bangalore Cantonment prefer to live in Fraser Town.[20] The suburb serves as an best example for unity in diversity.[1] Hindus and Christians do not play loud music or cause disturbance during the time of breaking the Roza (fast) during the Muslim Holy month of Ramzan.[21] Muslims also reciprocate by co-operating and during the St. Marys's Feast (observed by Christians and Hindus of the Cantonment)[22] and Christmas Celebrations[23]

Colonial Heritage[edit | edit source]

The streets of Fraser Town, like that of most in the Bangalore Cantonment, are named after European civil servants, military officers and missionaries. Coles Park and Coles Road after Arthur Henry Cole (1780-1844), Resident of Mysore. Haines Road named after Lt. Col. Gregory Haines, Superintendent of the Bangalore Division under Sir Mark Cubbon. Saunders Road named after Charles Burslam Saunders, the Judicial Commissioner at Mysore, who succeeded Sir Mark Cubbon as Commissioner of Mysore, serving between 1875-1877. Robertson Road, named after Col. Donald Robertson. Wheeler Road, Cleveland Road and surrounding Cleveland Town named after General John Wheeler Cleveland, who along with his wife is buried in the Kalpalli Cemetery.

Fraser Town was planned after many areas of Bangalore were hit by the plague especially Knoxpet, now called Murphy Town. J. H. Stephens, the Municipal Engineer to the Corporation of Civil and Military Station of Bangalore till 1912, wrote a book called Plague-proof Town Planning, detailing how Fraser Town was designed and built.

Error creating thumbnail: File missing
View of a block of buildings in erection. Plague-proof Town Planning by J H Stephens 1914

Richard's Park and surrounding Richard's Town after F J Richards, President of the Bangalore Civil and Military Station Municipality between 1908 and 1912, who is credited with starting the Dairy Farm and Veterinary Hospital on Queen's Road, and improving the Ulsoor Lake. Neighbouring Cooke Town is named after G H Cooke, President of the Bangalore Civil and Military Station Municipality between 1928 and 1934, with the Mayo Hall being constructed during his tenure. Further Durbar surgeons Sir. John Colin Campbell has Campbell Road named after him, and Dr. P H Benson has Benson Town named after him.[24]

Inscription[edit | edit source]

Error creating thumbnail: File missing
Fraser Town Foundation

Inscription on the commemorative plaque on the corner of Coles Road and Mosque Road, reads[25]

FRASER TOWN
called after
THE HON M S M FRASER ICS CIE
RESIDENT IN MYSORE
christened by
MRS F. J. RICHARDS
AUGUST 1910

Landmarks[edit | edit source]

Coles Park[edit | edit source]

Coles Park is one of the popular parks in Fraser Town, located West of St. John's Hill, enclosed Promenade Road, Haines Road, Kemp Road, St. John's Church Road and Saunders Road.[26] Coles Park is named after Arthur Henry Cole (1780-1844), British Resident of Mysore (1809, 1812),[27][28] who went on to become the Member of Parliament on return to Ireland, representing Enniskillen between 1828-1844.[29] Arthur Henry Cole paid an important role in getting the support of the Maharaja of Mysore for the construction of St. Bartholomew's Church in Mysore.[30] Covering an areas an area of 27,280m2, Coles Park was established in 1914.[31] Coles Park was once in its peak of glory with a bandstand and 3 tennis courts. The Band of the Bangalore Rifle Volunteers, played at the bandstand every first Saturday of the month. YWCA used to run of the tennis courts.[26][27] The park is fairly maintained, even though there is some encroachments. Coles Park is officially known as the Freedom Fighters Park, however still popularly known by its former name.[26][31] The Park is open between 5AM to 11PM, but the Nursery is closed except during the Lalbagh Flower Show. The Madras Sappers Regiment has a memorial for fallen Indian soldiers in various conflicts, including the Kargil Conflict.[27]

Albert Bakery[edit | edit source]

Error creating thumbnail: File missing
Albert Bakery, Fraser Town

Albert Bakery is a popular Bakery on Mosque Streets, attracting large crowds,[32] famous for its snacks, pastries and non-vegetarian food,[33] and during Ramzan, Albert Bakery is famous for its "bheja" or goat brain puffs.[34] Albert Bakery was founded in 1902, by a Muslim, who felt that giving his bakery an English name would appeal to the cosmopolitan and European clientele in Fraser Town and named it after Prince Albert.[35][36] Albert Bakery initially operated from a godown and was located in Sangam Lane, off Kamraj Road, and moved to the present Mosque Rd. premises in 1912.[37]

Haji Sir Ismail Sait Mosque[edit | edit source]

Error creating thumbnail: File missing
Sir Ismail Sait Mosque, Fraser Town

Haji Sir Ismail Sait Mosque (named after Haji Sir Ismail Sait, a prominent Gujarati speaking Kutchi Memon merchant of Bangalore Cantonment who built the mosque), is located in the posh locality of Fraser Town. It was built at a time when there were only a few Muslims in the suburb. Haji Sir Ismail Sait arrived in Bangalore in 1870 from Cutch, Gujarat with his parents. After the demise of his father, he started a small business on his own in 1874, and prospered expanding his business around Bangalore and also Madras, trading in goods and Kerosene. At the same time, he was involved in philanthropy and charitable work. Haji Sir Ismail Sait was honoured by the Mysore Government with the title ‘Fakrut-Tujjar', and the British Government knighted him at the Buckingham Palace in recognition of his philanthropy. Haji Sir Ismail Sait also served as a member of the Madras Presidency Legislative Council in 1911. Sir Ismail Sait also founded the Sir Ismail Sait Government Urdu Model Primary Boys and Girls School, an Urdu Primary School on Mosque Road and the Gosha Hospital at Shivajinagar.[38][39][40][41][42]

Bangalore East Railway Station[edit | edit source]

Bangalore East Railway Station is an old British Era Railway Station surrounded by Pottery Road, Kumaraswamy Naidu Road, Murgesha Mudaliar Road and Kenchappa Road, is a small quaint station located in Fraser Town. This station is very convenient for residents travelling towards Kolar Gold Fields or returning from Chennai. Express and Mail trains did not stop here till the 1920s. The station is now renovated with a larger platform. Adjacent to Railway Station, there is the Bangalore East Football Grounds, which nowadays is more used for playing Cricket.[9]

Gallery[edit | edit source]

Notable institutions[edit | edit source]

Main article: List of schools in Bangalore Cantonment

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Frazer Town". My Bangalore. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dasharathi, Poornima (23 July 2022). "Cantonment: colonial past, multicultural present". Citizen Matters. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  3. ↑ Rizvi, Aliyeh (21 September 2022). "Say a little prayer". No. Bangalore. Bangalore Mirror. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  4. ↑ Rizvi, Aliyeh (5 July 2022). "No apologies for memories here". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  5. ↑ Prashanth, G N (14 April 2022). "It's all in the new name". No. Bangalore. Times of India. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  6. ↑ Bigg, Margot (15 March 2011). Moon Living Abroad in India: Living Abroad Series. Avalon Travel. p. 328. ISBN 9781598807424. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  7. ↑ "Frazer Town". The City Guide. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  8. ↑ Narasimhan, Sakuntala. "Road names change, roads don't". Citizen Matters. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Patrao, Michael (19 May 2008). "Reminisces of the Raj". No. Bangalore. Deccan Herald. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  10. ↑ Srivatsa, Sharath S (31 October 2022). "Bangalore calling: it all goes way back…". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
  11. ↑ Steve, Arul (17 April 2022). "Specialization On Social And Cultural Indifference Among Kgf Tamil Migrants". Word Press. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  12. ↑ Rizvi, Aliyeh (18 July 2022). "Greet.Meat.Eat". A Turquoise Cloud. Word Press. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  13. ↑ Aam AdMo (7 July 2022). "Right to be a Minority institution (and make majority profits)". Word Press. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  14. ↑ Harshitha, Samyuktha (1 June 2022). "The Mootocherry of Bangalore". Suttha Muttha. Blogspot,com.au. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  15. ↑ Rajendran, S (23 January 2022). "Bangaloreans show their accommodating spirit". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 4 January 2015.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  16. ↑ SujNatureLover (28 January 2022). "A walk down Richards Town". Word Press. Retrieved 4 January 2015.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Hoole, Elijah (1829). Personal Narrative of a Mission to the South of India, from 1820 to 1828. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. pp. 73, 74, 84, 85, 86, 207. Retrieved 5 May 2022. Elijah Hoole bangalore.
  18. ↑ Missionary Register. London: Seeley, Jackson, & Halliday. 1822. p. 77. Retrieved 5 May 2022. bangalore.
  19. ↑ Eswarappa, B (2007). "Changing Social Geography of Bangalore City - India: A Study" (PDF). Annals of the University of Craiova – Series Geography. 10: 107, 110. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  20. ↑ Christophe, Jaffrelot; Gayer, Laurent (2013). Muslims in Indian Cities: Trajectories of Marginalisation. HarperCollins Publishers India. p. 416. ISBN 9789350295557. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  21. ↑ Mohammed, Yacoob (20 August 2022). "Communal harmony over street food". No. Bangalore. New Indian Express. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  22. ↑ "St. Mary's Basilica". St. Mary's Basilica. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  23. ↑ "Christmas cheer at Russell Market". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. 23 December 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  24. ↑ Aliyeh, Rizvi (2 August 2022). "Resident Rendezvoyeur: What's in a name?". No. Bangalore. Bangalore Mirror. Bangalore Mirror Bureau. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  25. ↑ Muthuramalingam, Vivek (27 December 2022). "A walk down Fraser Town". Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 Johnson, Ronnie. "Glimpses of a Shattered Bangalore". Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 Achanta, Pushpa (1 October 2022). "Lung space touched by history". No. Bangalore. Deccan Herald. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  28. ↑ Rizvi, Aliyeh (15 February 2022). "Resident Rendezvoyeur: Goodwill Hunting". No. Bangalore. Bangalore Mirror. Bangalore Mirror Bureau. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  29. ↑ Fisher, DR (2009). The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1820-1832. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
  30. ↑ "Serving the humanity for centuries". The Times of India. No. Mysore. 19 December 2022. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Patrao, Michael (17 December 2022). "When parks were a lark". No. Bangalore. Deccan Herald. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
  32. ↑ "Searching for the elusive Albert Bakery and other Iftar Tales (MM Road, Bangalore)". The Food Porn. 30 July 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  33. ↑ "Albert Bakery - Frazer Town". Talking Street. 7 October 2022. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  34. ↑ Rana, Preetika (25 August 2022). "Ramadan Delicacies in Bangalore". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  35. ↑ Springford, Vomle (5 October 2022). "A leisure trip to City's heritage treasures". No. Bangalore. Deccan Herald. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  36. ↑ Rodricks, Allan Moses (24 December 2022). "Take the cake and bakery too". The Hindu. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  37. ↑ Rodricks, Allan Moses (16 May 2022). "A mouthful of goodness". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  38. ↑ Nadwi, Khursid Alam (2 September 2022). "Sir Ismail Sait Masjid, a Memon community's contribution". Karnataka Muslims. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  39. ↑ Iyer, Meera (14 May 2022). "A cut above the rest". No. Bangalore. Deccan Herald. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  40. ↑ Shiriyannar, Pravin D (17 May 2022). "Taking modernity in its stride". No. Bangalore. Deccan Herald. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  41. ↑ Patrao, Michael (20 September 2007). "A road for shopping and leisure". No. Bangalore. Deccan Herald. Archived from the original on 23 December 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
  42. ↑ Ramani, Chitra V (20 April 2022). "The key to a family's history too". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fraser_Town,_Bangalore&oldid=368306"
Discover more