no edit summary
>WatkynBassett (Undid revision 1032123566 by MShreyanshu (talk) Additional prenominal title not needed) |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
{{Infobox building | {{Infobox building | ||
| name = Jai Vilas Palace | | name = Jai Vilas Palace | ||
| native_name = | | native_name = | ||
| image = Jai Vilas Palace ( Scindia Palace).jpg | | image = Jai Vilas Palace ( Scindia Palace).jpg | ||
| caption = | | caption = Jai Vilas Palace in Gwalior | ||
| coordinates = {{coord|26.2047|78.1686|source:wikidata|display=inline,title}} | | coordinates = {{coord|26.2047|78.1686|source:wikidata|display=inline,title}} | ||
| location_town = [[Gwalior]] | | location_town = [[Gwalior]] | ||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
| map_type = India | | map_type = India | ||
| architect = Sir Michael Filose | | architect = Sir Michael Filose | ||
| client = [[Jayajirao | | client = [[Jayajirao Scindia]] | ||
| engineer = | | engineer = | ||
| construction_start_date = | | construction_start_date = | ||
| completion_date = 1874 | | completion_date = 1874 | ||
| date_demolished = | | date_demolished = | ||
| | | cost = [[Indian Rupee|₹]] 1 crore in 1874<br />{{small|(now about ₹ 10,000 crores)}} | ||
{{small| | |||
| structural_system = | | structural_system = | ||
| style = [[Italian design|Italian]], [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]] and [[Tuscan order|Tuscan]] architecture | | style = [[Italian design|Italian]], [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]] and [[Tuscan order|Tuscan]] architecture | ||
| size = 1, | | size = 1,24,771 square feet | ||
| website = [http://www.jaivilasmuseum.org/ Jai Vilas Palace] | | website = [http://www.jaivilasmuseum.org/ Jai Vilas Palace] | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''The Jai Vilas Mahal''', also known as the Jai Vilas Palace, is a nineteenth century palace in [[Gwalior]], India. It was established in 1874 by [[Jayajirao Scindia]], the ruler of the [[princely state]] of [[Gwalior State|Gwalior]] in the [[British Raj]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=sbNaTBhe5nUC&pg=PA95&dq=jai+vilas+palace&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjC0KHb_9jkAhXP6Z4KHUhdBvU4ChDoATAIegQIBBAC#v=onepage&q=jai%20vilas%20palace&f=false The Last Maharani of Gwalior: An Autobiography, Vijaya R. Scindia, Manohar Malgonkar, SUNY Press, 1987 p.95]</ref> While the major part of the palace is now the "Jiwajirao Scindia Museum" which opened to the public in 1964, a part of it is still the residence of some of his descendants. | |||
Jai Vilas Palace is a fine example of European architecture. It was designed and built by Sir Michael Filose.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wright|first=Colin|title=Gwalior new Palace (looking West)|url=http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/g/019pho000000187u00038000.html|access-date=2021-04-16|website=www.bl.uk}}</ref> It is a combination of architectural styles, the first storey is Tuscan, the second Italian-Doric and the third Corinthian. The area of the Jai Vilas palace is 124,771 square feet and it is known for its large Durbar Hall. The interior of the Durbar Hall is decorated with gilt and gold furnishings and adorned with a huge carpet and gigantic chandeliers. It is 100 feet long, 50 feet wide and 41 feet in height. | |||
The palace was described by Sir William Howard Russell in 1877<ref name=russ>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HBdAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA444&lpg=PA449&ots=nz5Y2JNos3&focus=viewport&dq=prince+of+wales+in+Gwalior&output=text The Prince of Wales' Tour: A Diary in India; with Some Account of the Visits of His Royal Highness to the Courts of Greece, Egypt, Spain, and Portugal, Volume 1, VISIT To GWALIOR, Sir William Howard Russell, S. Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, 1877 p. 447]</ref> | The palace was described by Sir William Howard Russell in 1877<ref name=russ>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HBdAAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA444&lpg=PA449&ots=nz5Y2JNos3&focus=viewport&dq=prince+of+wales+in+Gwalior&output=text The Prince of Wales' Tour: A Diary in India; with Some Account of the Visits of His Royal Highness to the Courts of Greece, Egypt, Spain, and Portugal, Volume 1, VISIT To GWALIOR, Sir William Howard Russell, S. Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, 1877 p. 447]</ref> | ||
| Line 33: | Line 31: | ||
<blockquote>The Palace covers an area of 124,771 square feet, exclusive of the inner square, which is 321 by 321% feet. The building is double-storied, and the wings and turrets are three- and five-storied. Its total length is 106 feet. The first story is Tuscan, second Italian Doric, and the third Corinthian order of architecture. The interior of the Reception-room is 97 feet 8 inches long by 50 feet broad, and it is 41 feet in height. The roof is arched with stone slabs 21 feet long, which enabled the architect to make the ribs prominent. They rest at each end on double Corinthian columns, which form a colonnade round the interior. The interior and exterior of the Palace form a combination of arcades and colonnades. Upwards of 300,000 leaves of gold were‘used to decorate the Reception-hall. The Grand Staircase-room is roofed with stone slabs 30 feet long; the room opposite to it is roofed in the same way. This room was used for dancing. The length of each of these rooms is 50 feet. The Grand Drawing-room, one of the finest saloons in the world, is hung with wonderful chandeliers, and decorated with enormous mirrors. The Prince's bedstead, washing service, and bath were of solid silver. The cost of the Palace was a little above 1,100,000 rupees. But the garden-walls, iron railings, gardens, furniture, glass, grand staircase, chandeliers, etc, cost about 500,000 rupees more. The area of the garden is about one square mile; there are several waterfalls and a number of fountains in it.<ref name=russ/></blockquote> | <blockquote>The Palace covers an area of 124,771 square feet, exclusive of the inner square, which is 321 by 321% feet. The building is double-storied, and the wings and turrets are three- and five-storied. Its total length is 106 feet. The first story is Tuscan, second Italian Doric, and the third Corinthian order of architecture. The interior of the Reception-room is 97 feet 8 inches long by 50 feet broad, and it is 41 feet in height. The roof is arched with stone slabs 21 feet long, which enabled the architect to make the ribs prominent. They rest at each end on double Corinthian columns, which form a colonnade round the interior. The interior and exterior of the Palace form a combination of arcades and colonnades. Upwards of 300,000 leaves of gold were‘used to decorate the Reception-hall. The Grand Staircase-room is roofed with stone slabs 30 feet long; the room opposite to it is roofed in the same way. This room was used for dancing. The length of each of these rooms is 50 feet. The Grand Drawing-room, one of the finest saloons in the world, is hung with wonderful chandeliers, and decorated with enormous mirrors. The Prince's bedstead, washing service, and bath were of solid silver. The cost of the Palace was a little above 1,100,000 rupees. But the garden-walls, iron railings, gardens, furniture, glass, grand staircase, chandeliers, etc, cost about 500,000 rupees more. The area of the garden is about one square mile; there are several waterfalls and a number of fountains in it.<ref name=russ/></blockquote> | ||
A large room preserves the desk and photographs of Madhavrao Scindia, who served as the Railway Minister of India. Many of the rooms, including drawing rooms, | A large room preserves the desk and photographs of Madhavrao Scindia, who served as the Railway Minister of India. Many of the rooms, including drawing rooms, bedrooms and bathrooms, have been preserved just as they were lavishly decorated for the royal family.<ref>Jai Vilas Palace Guide, 2019</ref> The royal kitchen, with its furnaces, pots, china and other items have also been preserved. | ||
Supposedly, eight elephants were suspended from the durbar (royal court) hall ceiling to check it could cope with two 12.5m-high, 3.5-tonne chandeliers with 250 light bulbs, said to be the largest pair in the world. | Supposedly, eight elephants were suspended from the durbar (royal court) hall ceiling to check it could cope with two 12.5m-high, 3.5-tonne chandeliers with 250 light bulbs, said to be the largest pair in the world. | ||
| Line 44: | Line 42: | ||
[[File:Planquin gifted by Shah Alam, Mughal Emperor.jpg|thumb|left|Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II's planquin. Shah Alam lived under the protection of the Scindias.]] | [[File:Planquin gifted by Shah Alam, Mughal Emperor.jpg|thumb|left|Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II's planquin. Shah Alam lived under the protection of the Scindias.]] | ||
A notable historical item is the | A notable historical item is the palanquin gifted by Mughal emperor [[Shah Alam II]], who was restored to the throne by [[Mahadaji Shinde|Mahadaji Scindia]] in 1787. A [[Rohilla]] courtier, [[Ghulam Kadir|Ghulam Qadir]], had acquired control of Delhi. He humiliated the Mughal royal family and blinded the emperor Shah Alam II. The tragic event is described by a poem of [[Muhammad Iqbal|Allama Iqbal]].<ref>[http://iqbalurdu.blogspot.com/2011/04/bang-e-dra-131-ghulam-qadir-ruhela.html (Bang-e-Dra-131) Ghulam Qadir Ruhela by Allama Iqbal]</ref> Mahadaji Scindia came to the Mughal family's rescue and captured Ghulam Qadir, and became the de facto ruler of Delhi.<ref>[https://www.livemint.com/mint-lounge/features/the-blinding-of-a-mughal-emperor-1567148880060.html The Blinding of a Mughal emperor, Manu S. Pillai, Live Mint, 30 Aug 2019]</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/44141288 PERSIAN DOCUMENTS PERTAINING TO THE TRAGIC END OF GHULAM QADIR ROHILLA, 1780-1789, Zahiruddin Malik, Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, Vol. 43 (1982), pp. 565-57]</ref> It attests to the power of [[Mahadaji Shinde|Mahadji Shinde ( Scindia )]] who is regarded by historians as among the important personality in history of [[Maratha Empire]]. | ||
<gallery class="center"> | <gallery class="center"> | ||