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Savita Ambedkar: Difference between revisions
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'''Savita Bhimrao Ambedkar''' ({{nee}} '''Kabir'''; 27 January 1909 – 29 May 2003), was an Indian social activist, doctor and the second wife of [[Babasaheb Ambedkar | '''Savita Bhimrao Ambedkar''' ({{nee}} '''Kabir'''; 27 January 1909 – 29 May 2003), was an Indian social activist, doctor and the second wife of [[Babasaheb Ambedkar]]. [[Ambedkarism|Ambedkarites]] and [[Navayana|Buddhists]] refer to her as '''Mai''' or '''Maisaheb''', which stands for '[[Mother]]' in [[Marathi language]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://m.divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/news/DMS-dr-5573971-PHO.html|title=बाबासाहेबांना औरंगाबादचे नाव ठेवायचे होते पुष्पनगर पाहा...मिलिंद कॉलेेजातील अनमोल ठेवा|work=divyamarathi|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.womensweb.in/2018/05/savita-ambedkar-discredited-caste-woman-may18wk3/|title=The Woman Behind Dr. Ambedkar - Why Are Our Women Denied Their Rightful Place In History?|date=22 May 2018|work=Women's Web: For Women Who Do|access-date=13 November 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
In B. R. Ambedkar's various movements, during the writing of the books, [[Indian Constitution]] and [[Hindu code bills]] and [[Dalit Buddhist movement|Buddhist mass conversion]], she helped him from time to time. Babasaheb Ambedkar credited her in preface of his book ''[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]'' for extending his life for eight-ten years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ambedkar/ambedkar_buddha/00_pref_unpub.html|title=00_pref_unpub|last=Pritchett|first=Frances|website=Columbia.edu|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..|date=3 December 2017|work=Loksatta|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-expresses-grief-over-death-of-savita-ambedkar/articleshow/47857884.cms|title=PM expresses grief over death of Savita Ambedkar|work=The Times of India|access-date=13 November 2018|language=en}}</ref> | In B. R. Ambedkar's various movements, during the writing of the books, [[Indian Constitution]] and [[Hindu code bills]] and [[Dalit Buddhist movement|Buddhist mass conversion]], she helped him from time to time. Babasaheb Ambedkar credited her in preface of his book ''[[The Buddha and His Dhamma]]'' for extending his life for eight-ten years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00ambedkar/ambedkar_buddha/00_pref_unpub.html|title=00_pref_unpub|last=Pritchett|first=Frances|website=Columbia.edu|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..|date=3 December 2017|work=Loksatta|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/pm-expresses-grief-over-death-of-savita-ambedkar/articleshow/47857884.cms|title=PM expresses grief over death of Savita Ambedkar|work=The Times of India|access-date=13 November 2018|language=en}}</ref> | ||
==Early life and education== | ==Early life and education== | ||
Savita Ambedkar was born on 27 January 1909 in [[Bombay]] in a | Savita Ambedkar as Sharada Kabir was born on 27 January 1909 in [[Bombay]] in a Kabirpanthi Mahar Family.<ref name="Patrika"/><ref name="auto1"/> Her mother's name was Janaki and father name was Krishnarao Vinayak Kabir. Her family were a resident of Doors village, located in [[Rajapur, Maharashtra|Rajapur tehsil]] of [[Ratnagiri district]], [[Maharashtra]]. Later, her father came from Ratnagiri to [[Bombay]]. On the Sir Rao Bahadur C. K. Bole Road, near the pigeon in the west of [[Dadar]], the Kabir family had rented a house in Sahru's house in Matruchaya.<ref name="Patrika">{{cite news |last1=Verma |first1=Lokesh |title=जानिये, बाबा साहेब अंबेडकर के दूसरे विवाह पर क्यों फैली थी नाराजगी |url=https://www.patrika.com/noida-news/why-there-was-anger-over-baba-saheb-dr-bhimrao-ambedkar-s-second-marriage-news-in-hindi-1553264/ |access-date=15 April 2019 |work=[[Rajasthan Patrika]] |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.forwardpress.in/2018/06/dr-savita-bhimrao-ambedkar-jinake-lie-ambedkar-se-mahatvpurn-kuchh-bhi-n-tha/|title=डॉ. सविता भीमराव आंबेडकर, जिनके लिए आंबेडकर से महत्वपूर्ण कुछ भी न था|date=21 June 2018|work=फॉरवर्ड प्रेस|access-date=13 November 2018|language=hi-IN}}</ref><ref name="auto4">{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/b-r-ambedkars-widow-passes-away/articleshow/47838403.cms|title=B R Ambedkar's widow passes away |last=PTI|work=The Times of India|access-date=13 November 2018 |date=May 29, 2003}}</ref> | ||
Savita | Savita was a brilliant student. Her early education was completed in [[Pune]]. After that, around 1937 she did [[MBBS]] from [[Grant Medical College and Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy Group of Hospitals|Grant Medical College]], Bombay. When her studies were completed, she was appointed as the first class medical officer in a major hospital in [[Gujarat]]. But after a few months of illness, she left her job and returned home. Her six of eight siblings had [[inter-caste marriage]]s. Those days it was an extraordinary thing for Marathi Brahmin. Savita said, "Our family did not oppose inter-caste marriages, because the whole family was educated and progressive."<ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=17|language=mr}}</ref><ref name="Patrika"/> | ||
==Career and meeting with Ambedkar == | ==Career and meeting with Ambedkar == | ||
[[File:Maisaheb and Babasaheb.jpg|thumb|Maisaheb and Babasaheb]] | [[File:Maisaheb and Babasaheb.jpg|thumb|Maisaheb and Babasaheb]] | ||
At Bombay's [[Vile Parle]], lived a doctor named S.M. Rao who had close links with [[B. R. Ambedkar]]. When Ambedkar came from [[Delhi]] to Bombay, he often used to visit the doctor. | At Bombay's [[Vile Parle]], lived a doctor named S.M. Rao who had close links with [[B. R. Ambedkar]]. When Ambedkar came from [[Delhi]] to Bombay, he often used to visit the doctor. Sharada Kabir also used to visit Dr. Rao's house as she had a family relation with him. One day Babasaheb Ambedkar had come from Delhi and Dr. Sharada Kabir was also present at that time. Dr. Rao formalised his identity by saying, "This girl of my daughters friend is very clever, while being MBBS, Dr. Malavankar is working as a junior for a well-known doctor .... etc." Babasaheb was then the [[Minister of Labour|Labor Minister]] in the [[Viceroy's Executive Council]]. Until that time Dr. Sharda did not know much about Dr. Ambedkar, except that he is in Viceroy Council member. Dr. Sharada was impressed with Dr. Ambedkar's stunning personality. In his first meeting, she realised that Dr. Ambedkar was an extraordinary and great figure, In this first meeting, Ambedkar inquired about Kabir with apathy. The reason for this was that they were working on the advancement of women. Ambedkar congratulated them. There was also discussion about [[Buddhism]] in this meeting.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=17–18|language=mr}}</ref> | ||
His second meeting took place in the Advice Room of Dr. Mavalankar. Ambedkar had blood pressure, blood sugar and joint pain at that time. In 1947, during the writing of the [[Indian Constitution]], Bhimrao Ambedkar got health related problems due to [[diabetes]] and high [[blood pressure]]. He did not sleep. having neuropathic pain in the legs, Insulin and some homoeopathic medicines could provide relief to some extent. He went to Bombay for treatment. At the same time, Dr. Sharada came closer to Ambedkar during treatment. Ambedkar's first wife, [[Ramabai Ambedkar]], died in 1935 after a long illness. In this way, the rounds of meetings continued. Later correspondence also happened. And Ambedkar had a good life. There was talk of [[literature]], [[society]], [[religion]] etc. Sometimes they also debated. Ambedkar used to listen to Savita's arguments carefully and then respond. In 1947, Ambedkar started worrying about his health. There must be someone to take care of their health. In a letter to [[Dadasaheb Gaikwad]] on 16 March 1948, Ambedkar wrote, "To keep a woman nurse or to take care of the house for service, there will be doubts in people's mind, so marriage is a better way." After the death of Yashwant's mother ''(Ramabai)'', I had decided not to marry, but in today's situation, I will have to give up my decision." Ambedkar took medical service from doctor Sharda Kabir for nature reasons. And both of them decided to get married.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|url=http://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/article/EDT-babasaheb-ambedkar-column-2481860.html|title=डॉ. आंबेडकरांचा बौद्ध धम्म|work=divyamarathi|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=19|language=mr}}</ref> | His second meeting took place in the Advice Room of Dr. Mavalankar. Ambedkar had blood pressure, blood sugar and joint pain at that time. In 1947, during the writing of the [[Indian Constitution]], Bhimrao Ambedkar got health related problems due to [[diabetes]] and high [[blood pressure]]. He did not sleep. having neuropathic pain in the legs, Insulin and some homoeopathic medicines could provide relief to some extent. He went to Bombay for treatment. At the same time, Dr. Sharada came closer to Ambedkar during treatment. Ambedkar's first wife, [[Ramabai Ambedkar]], died in 1935 after a long illness. In this way, the rounds of meetings continued. Later correspondence also happened. And Ambedkar had a good life. There was talk of [[literature]], [[society]], [[religion]] etc. Sometimes they also debated. Ambedkar used to listen to Savita's arguments carefully and then respond. In 1947, Ambedkar started worrying about his health. There must be someone to take care of their health. In a letter to [[Dadasaheb Gaikwad]] on 16 March 1948, Ambedkar wrote, "To keep a woman nurse or to take care of the house for service, there will be doubts in people's mind, so marriage is a better way." After the death of Yashwant's mother ''(Ramabai)'', I had decided not to marry, but in today's situation, I will have to give up my decision." Ambedkar took medical service from doctor Sharda Kabir for nature reasons. And both of them decided to get married.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|url=http://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/article/EDT-babasaheb-ambedkar-column-2481860.html|title=डॉ. आंबेडकरांचा बौद्ध धम्म|work=divyamarathi|access-date=13 November 2018|language=mr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=19|language=mr}}</ref> | ||
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==Allegations and contradictions == | ==Allegations and contradictions == | ||
Many People from Delhi came to meet B. R. Ambedkar at 26, Alipur Road, where Ambedkar was in residence. It wasn't possible | Many People from Delhi came to meet B. R. Ambedkar at 26, Alipur Road, where Ambedkar was in residence. It wasn't possible for everyone to get a glimpse of Dr. Ambedkar as he was sick. Savita Ambedkar had dual obligations while taking care of him, in addition to being a doctor. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Maaisahebanche Agnidivya|last=Sukhadeve|first=P. V.|publisher=Kaushaly Prakashan|pages=57|language=mr}}</ref> | ||
After the death of Babasaheb Ambedkar, some Ambedkarites blamed Savita Ambedkar for killing him. They separated her from the Ambedkarite movement by describing her as a Brahmin. She took herself up to his farmhouse in Mehrauli in Delhi. Till 1972, she was living in Delhi. The then [[Prime Minister]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] formed a committee to investigate the matter, and that committee released her from the charges after the investigation.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..|date=3 December 2017|website=Loksatta.com|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref> | After the death of Babasaheb Ambedkar in December 1956, some Ambedkarites blamed Savita Ambedkar for killing him. They separated her from the Ambedkarite movement by describing her as a Brahmin. She took herself up to his farmhouse in Mehrauli in Delhi. Till 1972, she was living in Delhi. The then [[Prime Minister]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] formed a committee to investigate the matter, and that committee released her from the charges after the investigation.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loksatta.com/lekha-news/the-buddha-and-his-dhamma-dr-b-r-ambedkar-1594868/|title=उपोद्घाताची कथा..|date=3 December 2017|website=Loksatta.com|access-date=13 November 2018}}</ref> | ||
After the demise of | After the demise of Babasaheb, PM Jawaharlal Nehru, PM [[Indira Gandhi]] and President [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]] decided to take Maisaheb to [[Rajya Sabha]]. With the support of the Congress party, she was going to be a member of the Rajya Sabha, but she would have betrayed the husband's principle, so she humbly refused the proposals thrice.<ref name=Sanchar>{{Cite news|title=Maisahebanche Aswattha Jeevan|date=15 April 2018|work=Sanchar - Indradhanoo (p. 5)}}</ref> | ||
== Repatriation with the Dalit movement == | == Repatriation with the Dalit movement == | ||