Maitreyi Devi: Difference between revisions

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| image              = MaitreyiDeviPic.jpg
| image              = MaitreyiDeviPic.jpg
| birth_date        = {{birth date|df=yes|1914|9|1}}
| birth_date        = {{birth date|df=yes|1914|9|1}}
| birth_place        = [[Chittagong]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal Province]], [[British India]]
| birth_place        = [[Chittagong]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date        = {{death date and age|df=yes|1989|01|29|1914|9|1}}<ref name="loc">[https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81114587.html Maitraye Devi, 1914-1989], Library of Congress</ref>
| death_date        = {{death date and age|df=yes|1989|01|29|1914|9|1}}<ref name="loc">[https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81114587.html Maitraye Devi, 1914-1989], Library of Congress</ref>
|death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| occupation        = [[Poet]], [[Novelist]]
| occupation        = [[Poet]], [[Novelist]]
| known_for            = Na Hanyate
| known_for            = Na Hanyate
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}}


'''Maitreyi Devi''' (or '''Maitreyī Devī''') (1 September 1914 – 29 January 1989<ref name="loc"/>) was an [[India]]n poet and novelist. She is best known for her [[Sahitya Akademi Award]]-winning novel, ''[[Na Hanyate]]'' (It Does Not Die).
'''Maitreyi Devi''' (or '''Maitreyī Devī'''; 1 September 1914 – 29 January 1989<ref name="loc"/>) was an Indian poet and novelist. She is best known for her [[Sahitya Akademi Award]]-winning novel, ''[[Na Hanyate]]'' ({{translation|'It Does Not Die'}}).


==Biography==
==Biography==
Devi was born in 1914. Her father was the philosopher [[Surendranath Dasgupta]], a protégée of [[Rabindranath Tagore]].
Devi was born in 1914.<ref name="Kamani 1996" /> She was the daughter of philosopher [[Surendranath Dasgupta]] and protégée of poet [[Rabindranath Tagore]].<ref name="Kamani 1996" /><ref name="Pal 2016"/> She studied in St. John's Diocesan Girls' Higher Secondary School, [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] (now Kolkata) and graduated from the [[Jogamaya Devi College]], an affiliated undergraduate women's college of the historic [[University of Calcutta]], in [[Kolkata]].<ref>[http://jogamayadevicollege.org/history.htm History of the College]</ref> She published her first book of poetry at age 16, with a preface by Tagore.<ref name="Mehta 1994">{{cite news |last1=Mehta |first1=Nina |title=THEY'VE LOOKED AT LOVE FROM BOTH SIDES NOW |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1994-05-08-9405080060-story.html |access-date=10 July 2021 |work=The Chicago Tribune |date=May 8, 1994}}</ref>


She studied at St. John's Diocesan Girls' Higher Secondary School, [[Kolkata|Calcutta]] (now Kolkata) and graduated from the [[Jogamaya Devi College]], an affiliated undergraduate women's college of the [[University of Calcutta]].<ref>[http://jogamayadevicollege.org/history.htm History of the College]</ref>
By age 16, she was attending university, and in 1930, the [[Romania]]n writer [[Mircea Eliade]] was invited by her father to stay at their house.<ref name="Kamani 1996" /> After several months, when her parents discovered the 23-year-old Eliade and Devi had an intimate relationship, Eliade was told to leave and never contact her again.<ref name="Kamani 1996" />


She married [[Quinologist]] Dr. M.M. Sen<ref>The Better India. [http://www.thebetterindia.com/62217/mongpu-tagore-west-bengal This Little Known Himalayan Village Was the Much-Loved Summer Retreat of Rabindranath Tagore] (19 July 2016).</ref> when she was 20 and he was 34. They had two children together.
She married Dr. Manmohan Sen<ref name="Pal 2016">{{cite news |last1=Pal |first1=Sanchari |title=This Little Known Himalayan Village Was the Much-Loved Summer Retreat of Rabindranath Tagore |url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/62217/mongpu-tagore-west-bengal/ |access-date=10 July 2021 |work=The Better India |date=July 19, 2016}}</ref> when she was 20<ref name="Kamani 1996" /> and he was 34. They had two children together.<ref name="Kamani 1996" />


She was founder of the Council for Promotion of Communal Harmony in 1964, and vice-president of the All-India Women's Coordinating Council. Her first book of verse appeared when she was 16, with a preface by [[Rabindranath Tagore]]. She wrote ''Rabindranath—the man behind his poetry''.<ref name=Rabindranath>{{cite book|last=Devi|first=Maitreyi|title=Rabindranath--the man behind his poetry|year=1973|publisher=Sudhir Das at Nabajatak Printers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dp1jAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> She was the basis for the main character in [[Romania]]n writer [[Mircea Eliade]]'s 1933 novel ''[[Bengal Nights (novel)|Bengal Nights]]'', a semi-autobiographical piece of literature based around the time Eliade spent in Calcutta at Maitreyi Devi's father's house. The book explores Eliade's affair with Maitreyi Devi and their "sexual relations" before she was kicked out after the affair was discovered. Devi was not aware of the book. Her 1974 novel, ''[[Na Hanyate]]'' was written as a response to ''Bengal Nights'', and Maitreyi Devi described the romance and cultural tensions resulting from it. She denied claims of a sexual affair between her and Eliade.<ref>Firdaus Azim, ''The Journal of Asian Studies'', Association for Asian Studies, Vol. 55, 1996, pp. 1035-103</ref><ref>[http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/143651.html] ''A Terrible Hurt: The Untold Story behind the Publishing of Maitreyi Devi'', by Ginu Kamani, accessed 30 January 2010</ref> The book was translated into various European languages including Eliade's mother tongue, Romanian.
In 1938 and 1939, she invited Rabindranath Tagore to stay in her and her husband's house in [[Mungpoo]] near [[Kalimpong]], which later became the [[Rabindra Museum]].<ref>Mungpoo.org. [http://www.mungpoo.org/2011/09/Mungpoo-Kabiguru-Rabindranath-tagore-Museum.html Mungpoo and Kabi Guru Rabindranath Tagore, Museum].</ref> Her works include ''Mongpute Rabindranath'' (Tagore by The Fire Side), a record of his visit with her.<ref name="Pal 2016"/>


In 1938 and 1939, she invited Rabindranath Tagore to stay at her and her husband's house in [[Mungpoo]] near [[Kalimpong]], which later became the [[Rabindra Museum]].<ref>Mungpoo.org. [http://www.mungpoo.org/2011/09/Mungpoo-Kabiguru-Rabindranath-tagore-Museum.html Mungpoo and Kabi Guru Rabindranath Tagore, Museum].</ref>
She was the founder of the Council for the Promotion of Communal Harmony in 1964, and vice-president of the All-India Women's Coordinating Council. She also established orphanages.<ref name="Kamani 1996" />
 
In 1972, she learned Mircea Eliade had written the novel ''[[Bengal Nights (novel)|Bengal Nights]]'', that purported to describe a sexual relationship between them.<ref name="Kamani 1996" /> According to Richard Eder, writing for the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', "he turned what evidently were fervent but limited caresses into a lavishly sexual affair, with Maitreyi paying nightly bedroom visits as a kind of mystically inflamed Hindu goddess of love."<ref name="Eder 1994">{{cite news |last1=Eder |first1=Richard |title=Two Tales of Love : BENGAL NIGHTS, '' By Mircea Eliade'' , '' Translated from the French by Catherine Spencer'' ; '' (University of Chicago: $22.50; 176 pp.)'' : IT DOES NOT DIE, '' By Maitreyi Devi'' ; '' (University of Chicago: $22.50; 280 pp.)'' |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-03-27-bk-38810-story.html |access-date=10 July 2021 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=March 27, 1994}}</ref> In late 1972, she published a collection of poems, ''Aditya Marichi'' (Sun Rays), which reference Eliade, and according to Ginu Kamani, writing for the ''Toronto Review'', "reflect the turbulence she felt at dealing, at the age of fifty eight, forty-two years after the fact of their involvement, with the old passions of her youth."
 
After traveling to the University of Chicago to give lectures on Tagore, where Eliade  was a professor, and meeting with Eliade several times,<ref name="Eder 1994" /> she released her novel ''[[Na Hanyate]]'' (It Does Not Die: A Romance) in 1974,<ref>Firdaus Azim, ''The Journal of Asian Studies'', Association for Asian Studies, Vol. 55, 1996, pp. 1035-103</ref> which won the [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Bengali|Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 1976. Nina Mehta, in a review for the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'', writes, "Devi rubbishes the sex scenes and a few particulars in Eliade's novel, claiming that Alain's confessional tone elides the truth, that his memory implies false facts. Yet ironically, and perhaps waggishly, she answers Eliade's fiction by giving a larger credence to the fantasy he created."<ref name="Mehta 1994" />
 
''It Does Not Die'' and ''Bengal Nights'' were republished in 1994 as companion volumes by the University of Chicago Press, although Kamani writes, "Astonishing as it might sound given the sleight-of-hand dictated by marketing decisions at the University of Chicago Press, Devi's "response" ''was written to stand on its own''."<ref name="Kamani 1996">{{cite web |last1=Kamani |first1=Ginu |title=A Terrible Hurt: The Untold Story behind the Publishing of Maitreyi Devi |url=https://press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/143651.html |website=University of Chicago Press |access-date=9 July 2021 |date=1996}}</ref> The book has been translated into various European languages, including Romanian.<ref name="Kamani 1996" /> In the 1980s, an adaptation of ''Bengal Nights'' was developed into a film, starring [[Hugh Grant]] and [[Supriya Pathak]], and Devi challenged the film, first by insisting that the name of the character Maitreyi be changed to Gayatri, and later in lawsuits that delayed production.<ref name="Kamani 1996" /> By 1996, the film had not been released in India nor the United States.<ref name="Kamani 1996" />


==Awards==
==Awards==
She received the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] in 1976 for her novel ''[[Na Hanyate]]''.
She received [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] in the year 1976 for her novel ''[[Na Hanyate]]''.


== Publications ==
== Publications ==
* ''Tagore by Fireside'', 1943 <ref>{{Cite book|title=Tagore by Fireside|last=Devi|first=Maitreyi|date=October 2002|isbn=8171677258}}</ref>
* ''Tagore by Fireside'', 1943 <ref>{{Cite book|title=Tagore by Fireside|last=Devi|first=Maitreyi|date=October 2002|isbn=8171677258}}</ref>
* ''Rabindranath—The Man behind His Poetry'', 1973
* ''Rabindranath—The Man behind His Poetry'', 1973<ref name=Rabindranath>{{cite book|last=Devi|first=Maitreyi|title=Rabindranath--the man behind his poetry|year=1973|publisher=Sudhir Das at Nabajatak Printers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dp1jAAAAMAAJ}}</ref>
* ''It Does Not Die: A Romance'', 1974<ref>{{Cite book|title=It Does Not Die: A Romance|last=Devi|first=Maitreyi}}</ref>
* ''It Does Not Die: A Romance'', 1974<ref>{{Cite book|title=It Does Not Die: A Romance|last=Devi|first=Maitreyi}}</ref>
* ''রবীন্দ্রনাথ গৃহে ও বিশ্বে (Rabindranath at home and in the world)''
* ''রবীন্দ্রনাথ গৃহে ও বিশ্বে (Rabindranath at home and in the world)''
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[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:Novelists from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Novelists from West Bengal]]
[[Category: Writers from Kolkata]]

Latest revision as of 13:40, 25 February 2022


Maitreyi Devi
File:MaitreyiDeviPic.jpg
Born(1914-09-01)1 September 1914
Chittagong, Bengal Presidency, British India
Died29 January 1989(1989-01-29) (aged 74)[1]
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
OccupationPoet, Novelist
Known forNa Hanyate
Spouse(s)Dr. M.M. Sen
Children2
Parent(s)Surendranath Dasgupta (Father)
Himani Madhuri Rai (Mother)

Maitreyi Devi (or Maitreyī Devī; 1 September 1914 – 29 January 1989[1]) was an Indian poet and novelist. She is best known for her Sahitya Akademi Award-winning novel, Na Hanyate (transl. 'It Does Not Die').

Biography[edit]

Devi was born in 1914.[2] She was the daughter of philosopher Surendranath Dasgupta and protégée of poet Rabindranath Tagore.[2][3] She studied in St. John's Diocesan Girls' Higher Secondary School, Calcutta (now Kolkata) and graduated from the Jogamaya Devi College, an affiliated undergraduate women's college of the historic University of Calcutta, in Kolkata.[4] She published her first book of poetry at age 16, with a preface by Tagore.[5]

By age 16, she was attending university, and in 1930, the Romanian writer Mircea Eliade was invited by her father to stay at their house.[2] After several months, when her parents discovered the 23-year-old Eliade and Devi had an intimate relationship, Eliade was told to leave and never contact her again.[2]

She married Dr. Manmohan Sen[3] when she was 20[2] and he was 34. They had two children together.[2]

In 1938 and 1939, she invited Rabindranath Tagore to stay in her and her husband's house in Mungpoo near Kalimpong, which later became the Rabindra Museum.[6] Her works include Mongpute Rabindranath (Tagore by The Fire Side), a record of his visit with her.[3]

She was the founder of the Council for the Promotion of Communal Harmony in 1964, and vice-president of the All-India Women's Coordinating Council. She also established orphanages.[2]

In 1972, she learned Mircea Eliade had written the novel Bengal Nights, that purported to describe a sexual relationship between them.[2] According to Richard Eder, writing for the Los Angeles Times, "he turned what evidently were fervent but limited caresses into a lavishly sexual affair, with Maitreyi paying nightly bedroom visits as a kind of mystically inflamed Hindu goddess of love."[7] In late 1972, she published a collection of poems, Aditya Marichi (Sun Rays), which reference Eliade, and according to Ginu Kamani, writing for the Toronto Review, "reflect the turbulence she felt at dealing, at the age of fifty eight, forty-two years after the fact of their involvement, with the old passions of her youth."

After traveling to the University of Chicago to give lectures on Tagore, where Eliade was a professor, and meeting with Eliade several times,[7] she released her novel Na Hanyate (It Does Not Die: A Romance) in 1974,[8] which won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1976. Nina Mehta, in a review for the Chicago Tribune, writes, "Devi rubbishes the sex scenes and a few particulars in Eliade's novel, claiming that Alain's confessional tone elides the truth, that his memory implies false facts. Yet ironically, and perhaps waggishly, she answers Eliade's fiction by giving a larger credence to the fantasy he created."[5]

It Does Not Die and Bengal Nights were republished in 1994 as companion volumes by the University of Chicago Press, although Kamani writes, "Astonishing as it might sound given the sleight-of-hand dictated by marketing decisions at the University of Chicago Press, Devi's "response" was written to stand on its own."[2] The book has been translated into various European languages, including Romanian.[2] In the 1980s, an adaptation of Bengal Nights was developed into a film, starring Hugh Grant and Supriya Pathak, and Devi challenged the film, first by insisting that the name of the character Maitreyi be changed to Gayatri, and later in lawsuits that delayed production.[2] By 1996, the film had not been released in India nor the United States.[2]

Awards[edit]

She received Sahitya Akademi Award in the year 1976 for her novel Na Hanyate.

Publications[edit]

  • Tagore by Fireside, 1943 [9]
  • Rabindranath—The Man behind His Poetry, 1973[10]
  • It Does Not Die: A Romance, 1974[11]
  • রবীন্দ্রনাথ গৃহে ও বিশ্বে (Rabindranath at home and in the world)
  • মংপুতে রবীন্দ্রনাথ (Rabindranath at Mangpu)

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Maitraye Devi, 1914-1989, Library of Congress
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 Kamani, Ginu (1996). "A Terrible Hurt: The Untold Story behind the Publishing of Maitreyi Devi". University of Chicago Press. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Pal, Sanchari (19 July 2016). "This Little Known Himalayan Village Was the Much-Loved Summer Retreat of Rabindranath Tagore". The Better India. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  4. ↑ History of the College
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Mehta, Nina (8 May 1994). "THEY'VE LOOKED AT LOVE FROM BOTH SIDES NOW". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  6. ↑ Mungpoo.org. Mungpoo and Kabi Guru Rabindranath Tagore, Museum.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Eder, Richard (27 March 1994). "Two Tales of Love : BENGAL NIGHTS, By Mircea Eliade , Translated from the French by Catherine Spencer ; (University of Chicago: $22.50; 176 pp.) : IT DOES NOT DIE, By Maitreyi Devi ; (University of Chicago: $22.50; 280 pp.)". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  8. ↑ Firdaus Azim, The Journal of Asian Studies, Association for Asian Studies, Vol. 55, 1996, pp. 1035-103
  9. ↑ Devi, Maitreyi (October 2002). Tagore by Fireside. ISBN 8171677258.
  10. ↑ Devi, Maitreyi (1973). Rabindranath--the man behind his poetry. Sudhir Das at Nabajatak Printers.
  11. ↑ Devi, Maitreyi. It Does Not Die: A Romance.
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