.svg)
Muhammad Hamidullah: Difference between revisions
robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)
>JohnmgKing (→Career: removing honorific as per MOS:ISLAMHON) |
(robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Indian scholar and polymath}} | |||
{{EngvarB|date=February 2020}} | {{EngvarB|date=February 2020}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}} | ||
| Line 23: | Line 24: | ||
| influenced = [[Contemporary Islamic philosophy]] | | influenced = [[Contemporary Islamic philosophy]] | ||
| notable_ideas = Evolution of [[Islamic]], [[International Law]] | | notable_ideas = Evolution of [[Islamic]], [[International Law]] | ||
|teacher= [[Manazir Ahsan Gilani]] | |teacher= [[Manazir Ahsan Gilani]], [[Abul Wafa Al Afghani]]<ref name="khutbaat">{{Cite book|title=Khutbaat-e-Bahawalpur|chapter=Islami Qanoon Bain al-Mamalik|page=138|first=Muhammad|last=Hamidullah|publisher=Hafzi Book Depot, [[Deoband]]}}</ref> | ||
<ref name="khutbaat">{{Cite book|title=Khutbaat-e-Bahawalpur|chapter=Islami Qanoon Bain al-Mamalik|page=138|first=Muhammad|last=Hamidullah|publisher=Hafzi Book Depot, [[Deoband]]}}</ref> | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Muhammad Hamidullah''' ({{lang-ur|{{nq| محمد حمیداللہ}}}}) 19 February 1908 – 17 December 2002) [[Doctor of Philosophy|D. Phil.]], [[Doctor of Letters|D. Litt.]], [[Hilal-e-Imtiaz|HI]], was a [[ | '''Muhammad Hamidullah''' ({{lang-ur|{{nq| محمد حمیداللہ}}}}) 19 February 1908 – 17 December 2002) [[Doctor of Philosophy|D. Phil.]], [[Doctor of Letters|D. Litt.]], [[Hilal-e-Imtiaz|HI]], was a scholar of [[Hadith|hadiths]] (''[[muhaddith]])'' and [[Sharia|Islamic law]] ([[Faqīh|faqih]]) and a prolific academic author. A [[polymath]] with competence in 22 languages, including Urdu (his mother tongue), Persian, Arabic, French, English, German, Italian, Greek, Turkish, and Russian, his dozens of books and hundreds of articles on [[Islamic sciences|Islamic science]], [[History of Islam|history]] and [[Islamic culture|culture]] appeared in several languages. He was still studying Thai at the age of 84.<ref name="albalagh.net">{{cite web | url=http://www.albalagh.net/general/dr_hamidullah.shtml | title=Dr. Muhammad Hamidullah: Great Scholar, Simple Man | date=21 December 2002 | publisher=albalagh.net | accessdate=14 June 2019 }}</ref><ref>[http://oumma.com/Hommage-au-Professeur-Muhammad Hommage au Professeur Muhammad Hamidullah]</ref> | ||
==Early life and background== | ==Early life and background== | ||
| Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
He earned his BA, LLB and MA at [[Osmania University]]. He travelled to Germany and was awarded D.Phil. by [[Bonn University]] in 1932. After serving in the faculty of Bonn as a lecturer in Arabic and Urdu for a short time, he went to France and registered at [[Sorbonne University]] for his second doctorate. He was awarded D.Litt. by the university after 11 months. He taught international law at Osmania University between 1936 and 1946.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}} | He earned his BA, LLB and MA at [[Osmania University]]. He travelled to Germany and was awarded D.Phil. by [[Bonn University]] in 1932. After serving in the faculty of Bonn as a lecturer in Arabic and Urdu for a short time, he went to France and registered at [[Sorbonne University]] for his second doctorate. He was awarded D.Litt. by the university after 11 months. He taught international law at Osmania University between 1936 and 1946.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}} | ||
His ancestors and extended family | His ancestors and extended family were [[jurists]], writers and [[Administration (business)|administrators]]. His great grandfather Maulvi Mohammed Ghauth Sharfu'l-Mulk (d. 1822) was scholar of Islamic sciences, writing over 30 books in Arabic, Persian and Urdu, including a seven volume exegesis of the Qur'an. His paternal grandfather [[Qadi]] Mohammed Sibghatullah was a jurist and a scholar of repute writing an exegesis of the Holy Qu'ran as well as other books. He was also appointed Chief Judge of [[Madras]] (now Chennai) in 1855.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dr-mhaleem-issori.zoomshare.com/11.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-03-26 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419165417/http://dr-mhaleem-issori.zoomshare.com/11.html |archivedate=19 April 2014 |df=mdy }}</ref> | ||
Hamidullah's father Mufti Abu Mohammed Khalilullah, was a scholar of Islamic jurisprudence, a director of revenue in the government of [[Nizam]] | Hamidullah's father Mufti Abu Mohammed Khalilullah, was a scholar of Islamic jurisprudence, a director of revenue in the government of [[Nizam of Hyderabad]], and the pioneer in establishing an interest-free banking system in Hyderabad.<ref name="Hamidullah, translator of the Quran"/> | ||
==Career== | ==Career== | ||
In 1948, Hamidullah was appointed by the [[Nizam]] as part of the delegation sent to London and the United Nations in New York to seek support against the invasion of the Nizam's territories by Indian Forces.<ref name="Hamidullah, translator of the Quran"> | In 1948, Hamidullah was appointed by the [[Nizam]] as part of the delegation sent to London and the United Nations in New York to seek support against the invasion of the Nizam's territories by Indian Forces.<ref name="Hamidullah, translator of the Quran">{{Cite web|last=Hijazi|first=Abu Tariq|date=29 July 2011|title=Hamidullah: Translator of the Quran|url=http://www.islamonline.com/news/articles/7/Muhammad-Hamidullah-Translator-of-the-Quran.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313172712/http://www.islamonline.com/news/articles/7/Muhammad-Hamidullah-Translator-of-the-Quran.html|archive-date=13 March 2013|website=Islam Online}}</ref> Subsequently, he moved to Pakistan and was involved in writing of [[Pakistan]]'s constitution after partition of India and Pakistan in 1947.<ref name="albalagh.net"/> | ||
In 1948, he travelled to France, living there for virtually the remainder of his life, apart from travel to teaching posts he held in Turkey for a number of years. He also held a post with [[French National Centre for Scientific Research]] from 1954, which ended in 1978. | In 1948, he travelled to France, living there for virtually the remainder of his life, apart from travel to teaching posts he held in Turkey for a number of years. He also held a post with [[French National Centre for Scientific Research]] from 1954, which ended in 1978. | ||
| Line 46: | Line 46: | ||
Hamidullah was the last remaining citizen of the erstwhile [[Hyderabad State]] (which following 1956 reorganisation was divided into 3 on linguistic basis, and absorbed into other states of India, most being in Andhra Pradesh, subsequently Telangana) and never obtained the citizenship of any other nation. Classed as a ''Refugee of Hyderabad'' by the French Government, which allowed him to stay in Paris, he remained exiled from his homeland after its annexation by the [[Indian Government]] in 1950. Hamidullah devoted his whole life to scholarship and did not marry.<ref name="Hamidullah, translator of the Quran"/> | Hamidullah was the last remaining citizen of the erstwhile [[Hyderabad State]] (which following 1956 reorganisation was divided into 3 on linguistic basis, and absorbed into other states of India, most being in Andhra Pradesh, subsequently Telangana) and never obtained the citizenship of any other nation. Classed as a ''Refugee of Hyderabad'' by the French Government, which allowed him to stay in Paris, he remained exiled from his homeland after its annexation by the [[Indian Government]] in 1950. Hamidullah devoted his whole life to scholarship and did not marry.<ref name="Hamidullah, translator of the Quran"/> | ||
Hamidullah is known for contributions to the research of [[Hadith]] history, translations of the [[Qur'an]] into multiple languages and in particular into French (first by a Muslim scholar) and for the monumental biography of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]] in French. He is also famous for discovering a missing work on Muhammad regarded as one of his great contributions to the [[Hadith]] literature. The earliest Hadith manuscript still extant today, Sahifa Hammam bin Munabbah, was discovered in a Damascus library. Hammam bin Munabbah being a disciple of Sayyidina Abu Huraira, one of the [[Sahaba]].<ref> | Hamidullah is known for contributions to the research of [[Hadith]] history, translations of the [[Qur'an]] into multiple languages and in particular into French (first by a Muslim scholar) and for the monumental biography of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]] in French. He is also famous for discovering a missing work on Muhammad regarded as one of his great contributions to the [[Hadith]] literature. The earliest Hadith manuscript still extant today, Sahifa Hammam bin Munabbah, was discovered in a Damascus library. Hammam bin Munabbah being a disciple of Sayyidina Abu Huraira, one of the [[Sahaba]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kademoglu|first=Mahmud Rifat|date=1 June 2003|title=Remembering Muhammad Hamidullah|url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Remembering+Muhammad+Hamidullah-a0119627464|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926234603/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Remembering+Muhammad+Hamidullah-a0119627464|archive-date=26 September 2007|website=The Free Library|publisher=Sherwood Park, Alberta, Canada: Center for Islam and Science}}</ref> It proved, that the earliest manuscripts had been absorbed into the much bigger later compilations. | ||
==Literary works== | ==Literary works== | ||
| Line 92: | Line 92: | ||
[[Category:University of Bonn faculty]] | [[Category:University of Bonn faculty]] | ||
[[Category:Translators of the Quran into French]] | [[Category:Translators of the Quran into French]] | ||
[[Category:Hyderabad State | [[Category:People from Hyderabad State]] | ||
[[Category:Sunni fiqh scholars]] | [[Category:Sunni fiqh scholars]] | ||
[[Category:Osmania University faculty]] | [[Category:Osmania University faculty]] | ||