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</ref> The family belonged to the military [[Qizilbash]] aristocracy which had migrated from [[Kandahar]] in the early 19th century and since then held offices of Royal Physicians, Ministers and Courtiers to the [[Dogra dynasty]].<ref name="Qizilbash"> | </ref> The family belonged to the military [[Qizilbash]] aristocracy which had migrated from [[Kandahar]] in the early 19th century and since then held offices of Royal Physicians, Ministers and Courtiers to the [[Dogra dynasty]].<ref name="Qizilbash"> | ||
{{cite news |title=Kandahar’s Qizilbash |newspaper=Kashmir Life |date=30 November 2017 |url=http://kashmirlife.net/kandahars-qizilbash-issue-35-vol-09-157293/}} | {{cite news |title=Kandahar’s Qizilbash |newspaper=Kashmir Life |date=30 November 2017 |url=http://kashmirlife.net/kandahars-qizilbash-issue-35-vol-09-157293/}} | ||
</ref> | </ref> | ||
His mother [[Begum Zaffar Ali]], an educationist and legislator, was the first woman matriculate of Kashmir.<ref name="passesaway"/><ref> | His mother [[Begum Zaffar Ali]], an educationist and legislator, was the first woman matriculate of Kashmir.<ref name="passesaway"/><ref> | ||
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</ref> His maternal grandfather, Khan Bahadur Aga Syed Hussain, then Governor and later Home and Judicial Minister in the princely state, was the first matriculate of Kashmir.<ref name="family"/><ref name="Qizilbash"/> | </ref> His maternal grandfather, Khan Bahadur Aga Syed Hussain, then Governor and later Home and Judicial Minister in the princely state, was the first matriculate of Kashmir.<ref name="family"/><ref name="Qizilbash"/> | ||
Shaukat Ali's eldest brother was Agha Nasir Ali, a civil servant and his youngest brother Agha Ashraf Ali.<ref name="passesaway"/> | Shaukat Ali's eldest brother was Agha Nasir Ali, a civil servant and his youngest brother Agha Ashraf Ali.<ref name="passesaway"/> | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
Shaukat Ali was educated at the Mission School at Fateh Kadal (later renamed as [[Tyndale Biscoe School]]) in Srinagar. He passed his matriculation in 1936. He graduated in Arts from [[Sri Pratap College]]. He attended the [[Aligarh University]] in 1930s with an LLB degree. | Shaukat Ali was educated at the Mission School at Fateh Kadal (later renamed as [[Tyndale Biscoe School]]) in Srinagar. He passed his matriculation in 1936. He graduated in Arts from [[Sri Pratap College]]. He attended the [[Aligarh University]] in 1930s with an LLB degree. | ||
He later married Mussarat Nizamuddin of the [[Mian family of Baghbanpura]] , custodians of the [[Shalimar Gardens, Lahore]]. The newlyweds lived in [[Kashmir]] where Shaukat Ali joined the Kashmir Civil Services.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> He served as the ''tehsildar'' in [[Akhnoor]].{{sfn|Hussain, Kashmir Profiles|2017|pp=41–42}} | He later married Mussarat Nizamuddin of the [[Mian family of Baghbanpura]], custodians of the [[Shalimar Gardens, Lahore]]. The newlyweds lived in [[Kashmir]] where Shaukat Ali joined the Kashmir Civil Services.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> He served as the ''tehsildar'' in [[Akhnoor]].{{sfn|Hussain, Kashmir Profiles|2017|pp=41–42}} | ||
His brother Agha Nasir Ali was the first Kashmiri to enter the civil services through competition and was already serving as ''Wazir-e-Wazarat''.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> | His brother Agha Nasir Ali was the first Kashmiri to enter the civil services through competition and was already serving as ''Wazir-e-Wazarat''.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> | ||
== Political career == | == Political career == | ||
During the end of British colonial rule in India, Shaukat Ali joined the [[All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference]] as its general secretary, after resigning from the civil services as a [[Tehsildar]] in 1946, at the request of [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], the founder of Pakistan. Agha Shaukat Ali played an important role in the changing politics of Kashmir from 1946–48.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> | During the end of British colonial rule in India, Shaukat Ali joined the [[All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference]] as its general secretary, after resigning from the civil services as a [[Tehsildar]] in 1946, at the request of [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], the founder of Pakistan. Agha Shaukat Ali played an important role in the changing politics of Kashmir from 1946–48.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> | ||
He became the General Secretary of Muslim Conference and was instrumental in promoting the policies of Jinnah in Kashmir. Most notably, Shaukat Ali held a public gathering in defiance of prevailing prohibitions at that time, and was imprisoned along with [[Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas]] on the orders of the then Prime Minister [[Ram Chandra Kak]], for political reasons from 1947–1948.{{Citation needed |date= June 2018}} | He became the General Secretary of Muslim Conference and was instrumental in promoting the policies of Jinnah in Kashmir. Most notably, Shaukat Ali held a public gathering in defiance of prevailing prohibitions at that time, and was imprisoned along with [[Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas]] on the orders of the then Prime Minister [[Ram Chandra Kak]], for political reasons from 1947–1948.{{Citation needed |date= June 2018}} | ||
In Prison Shaukat Ali was treated very badly by the Ikhlaqis.{{Citation needed |date= June 2018}} When Pakistan was founded in 1947, Agha Shaukat’s release from prison was brokered by the United Nations.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> He was released as a part of an exchange of political prisoners between India and Pakistan. He was exchanged for Brigadier Ghansara Singh (Governor of Gilgit) who had been arrested by the Muslim forces of Pakistan in Gilgit. Leaving his mother and brothers in Kashmir, Shaukat Ali moved to Pakistan with his wife.<ref name="Begum Zafar Ali"> | In Prison Shaukat Ali was treated very badly by the Ikhlaqis.{{Citation needed |date= June 2018}} When Pakistan was founded in 1947, Agha Shaukat’s release from prison was brokered by the United Nations.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> He was released as a part of an exchange of political prisoners between India and Pakistan. He was exchanged for Brigadier Ghansara Singh (Governor of Gilgit) who had been arrested by the Muslim forces of Pakistan in Gilgit. Leaving his mother and brothers in Kashmir, Shaukat Ali moved to Pakistan with his wife.<ref name="Begum Zafar Ali"> | ||
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== Civil service in Pakistan == | == Civil service in Pakistan == | ||
After Jinnah's death, Shaukat Ali was expelled from the Muslim Conference. He later received assignments in the Central Services of Pakistan.<ref name=toremember/> In that capacity he also served as the Information Secretary to President [[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan) |Ayub Khan]].{{Citation needed |date= June 2018}} | After Jinnah's death, Shaukat Ali was expelled from the Muslim Conference. He later received assignments in the Central Services of Pakistan.<ref name=toremember/> In that capacity he also served as the Information Secretary to President [[Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)|Ayub Khan]].{{Citation needed |date= June 2018}} | ||
Shaukat Ali attended the [[Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs]] at [[Princeton University]] as a [[Fulbright Scholar]]. He enjoyed his time in the United States in the 1950s and returned to his alma mater on many occasions. He also received diplomatic assignments in various missions, including one in London.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> | Shaukat Ali attended the [[Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs]] at [[Princeton University]] as a [[Fulbright Scholar]]. He enjoyed his time in the United States in the 1950s and returned to his alma mater on many occasions. He also received diplomatic assignments in various missions, including one in London.<ref name="toremember"/><ref name="civilservice"/> | ||
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[[Category:2013 deaths]] | [[Category:2013 deaths]] | ||
[[Category:Pakistani Shia Muslims]] | [[Category:Pakistani Shia Muslims]] | ||
[[Category:Pakistani expatriates in the United States]] | |||