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{{History of India}} | {{History of India}} | ||
The '''States Reorganisation Act, 1956''' was a major reform of the boundaries of India's [[States and territories of India|states and territories]], organising them along linguistic lines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/explainer-reorganization-states-india-and-why-it-happened-52273|title=Explainer: The reorganization of states in India and why it happened}}</ref> | The '''States Reorganisation Act, 1956''' was a major reform of the boundaries of India's [[States and territories of India|states and territories]], organising them along linguistic lines.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/explainer-reorganization-states-india-and-why-it-happened-52273|title=Explainer: The reorganization of states in India and why it happened|date=2 November 2016}}</ref> | ||
Although additional changes to India's state boundaries have been made since 1956, the States Reorganisation Act of 1956 remains the single most extensive change in state boundaries since the independence of India in 1947. | Although additional changes to India's state boundaries have been made since 1956, the States Reorganisation Act of 1956 remains the single most extensive change in state boundaries since the independence of India in 1947. | ||
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[[British Raj|British India]], which included present-day [[India]], [[Pakistan]] and [[Bangladesh]], was divided into two types of territories: the [[British India|Provinces of British India]], which were governed directly by British officials responsible to the [[Governor-General of India]]; and [[princely state|the Indian State]]s, under the rule of local hereditary rulers who recognised British [[suzerainty]] in return for continued authority over their own realms, in most cases as established by treaty. As a result of the reforms of the early 20th century, most of the British provinces had directly elected legislatures as well as governors, although some of the smaller provinces were governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the Governor-General. Major reforms put forward by the British in the 1930s also recognised the principle of [[federalism]], which was carried forward into the governance of independent India. | [[British Raj|British India]], which included present-day [[India]], [[Pakistan]] and [[Bangladesh]], was divided into two types of territories: the [[British India|Provinces of British India]], which were governed directly by British officials responsible to the [[Governor-General of India]]; and [[princely state|the Indian State]]s, under the rule of local hereditary rulers who recognised British [[suzerainty]] in return for continued authority over their own realms, in most cases as established by treaty. As a result of the reforms of the early 20th century, most of the British provinces had directly elected legislatures as well as governors, although some of the smaller provinces were governed by a chief commissioner appointed by the Governor-General. Major reforms put forward by the British in the 1930s also recognised the principle of [[federalism]], which was carried forward into the governance of independent India. | ||
On 15 August 1947, British India was granted independence as the separate [[dominion]]s of [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]. The British dissolved their treaty relations with more than five hundred princely states, who were encouraged to [[Instrument of Accession|accede]] to either India or Pakistan, while under no compulsion to do so. Most of the states acceded to India, and a few to Pakistan. [[Bhutan]], [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]] and [[Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir|Kashmir]] opted for independence, although | On 15 August 1947, British India was granted independence as the separate [[dominion]]s of [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]. The British dissolved their treaty relations with more than five hundred princely states, who were encouraged to [[Instrument of Accession|accede]] to either India or Pakistan, while under no compulsion to do so. Most of the states acceded to India, and a few to Pakistan. [[Bhutan]], [[Hyderabad State|Hyderabad]] and [[Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir|Kashmir]] opted for independence, although Hyderabad was included in Indian Union by Military action according to the popular opinion of the people of Hyderabad. This was a direct consequence of the Inhuman acts of the Razakars on Non-Muslims. | ||
[[File:South Indian territories.svg|235px|thumb|[[South India]]n states prior to the States Reorganisation Act]] | [[File:South Indian territories.svg|235px|thumb|[[South India]]n states prior to the States Reorganisation Act]] | ||
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*[[Partition of India]] | *[[Partition of India]] | ||
*[[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019]] | *[[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019]] | ||
== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
*[http://www.liiofindia.org/in/legis/cen/num_act/sra1956250/ Text of the Act] | *[http://www.liiofindia.org/in/legis/cen/num_act/sra1956250/ Text of the Act] | ||
[[Category:1956 in India]] | [[Category:1956 in India]] | ||
[[Category:Nehru administration]] | [[Category:Nehru administration]] | ||
[[Category:Reorganisation of Indian states]] | [[Category:Reorganisation of Indian states]] | ||