Incarnations of Nongthang Leima: Difference between revisions

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| type        = Meitei
| type        = Meitei
| name        = Nongthang Leima <br /> The Goddess with 31 Divine Forms
| name        = Nongthang Leima <br /> The Goddess with 31 Divine Forms
| deity_of    = Primordial Goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction   
| deity_of    = Primeval Goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction   
| member_of    = [[Lairembi]]s
| member_of    = [[Lairembi]]s
| image        = NONGTHANG LEIMA.jpg  
| image        = PANTHOIPI.jpg
| caption      = "Nongthang Leima", the [[Ancient Meitei language|Ancient Meitei]] name of the goddess, written in archaic Meetei Mayek abugida
| caption      = Goddess [[Panthoibi]] is one of the most prominent divine forms of Goddess Nongthang Leima.
| script_name  = Ancient Meitei transliteration
| script      = [[File:NONGTHANG LEIMA.jpg|thumb]]
}}  
}}  
In [[Meitei folklore]], [[Meitei mythology|mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]], [[Nongthang Leima]], the primordial goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction,<ref name="Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam">{{Cite web|title=Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam|url=http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Folks.Folk_Tales.Incarnations_of_Goddess_Nongthang_Leima_By_James_Oinam|access-date=2022-03-29|website=www.e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=q5eBAAAAMAAJ&q=nongthang+Leima&dq=nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU6p6XquzuAhVNAHIKHV0ZDdEQ6AEwA3oECAQQAg|title=Folk Culture of Manipur|last=Singh|first=Moirangthem Kirti|date=1993|publisher=Manas Publications|isbn=978-81-7049-063-0|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=50BLAAAAYAAJ&q=Nongthang+Leima&dq=Nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjLiY22uM3uAhVk4HMBHRtxDQYQ6AEwAnoECAkQAg|title=Folk-lore|date=1991|publisher=Indian Publications|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uJUOAQAAMAAJ&q=nongthang+Leima&dq=nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7zsPsqezuAhWGdn0KHTmvCbQQ6AEwAXoECAEQAg|title=The Anthropologist: International Journal of Contemporary and Applied Studies of Man|date=2003|publisher=Kamla-Raj Enterprises|language=en}}</ref> is said to have multiple divine incarnations in the forms of many feminine beings.<ref name="Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam" /> The ''"Laion Laichat"'', an ancient [[Meitei scripture]], mentions the 31 divine forms of the goddess, among which [[Panthoibi]] and Chang-Ning Leima, are significant.<ref name="Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Land of Gods and Goddesses Book Review By James Oinam|url=http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.Land_of_Gods_and_Goddesses_Book_Review_By_James_Oinam|access-date=2022-03-29|website=www.e-pao.net}}</ref>
In [[Meitei folklore]], [[Meitei mythology|mythology]] and [[Meitei religion|religion]], [[Nongthang Leima]], the primordial goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction,<ref name="Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam">{{Cite web|title=Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam|url=http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=manipur.Folks.Folk_Tales.Incarnations_of_Goddess_Nongthang_Leima_By_James_Oinam|access-date=2022-03-29|website=www.e-pao.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=q5eBAAAAMAAJ&q=nongthang+Leima&dq=nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjU6p6XquzuAhVNAHIKHV0ZDdEQ6AEwA3oECAQQAg|title=Folk Culture of Manipur|last=Singh|first=Moirangthem Kirti|date=1993|publisher=Manas Publications|isbn=978-81-7049-063-0|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=50BLAAAAYAAJ&q=Nongthang+Leima&dq=Nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjLiY22uM3uAhVk4HMBHRtxDQYQ6AEwAnoECAkQAg|title=Folk-lore|date=1991|publisher=Indian Publications|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uJUOAQAAMAAJ&q=nongthang+Leima&dq=nongthang+Leima&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj7zsPsqezuAhWGdn0KHTmvCbQQ6AEwAXoECAEQAg|title=The Anthropologist: International Journal of Contemporary and Applied Studies of Man|date=2003|publisher=Kamla-Raj Enterprises|language=en}}</ref> is said to have multiple divine incarnations in the forms of many feminine beings.<ref name="Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam" /> The ''"Laion Laichat"'', an ancient [[Meitei scripture]], mentions the 31 divine forms of the goddess, among which [[Panthoibi]] and Chang-Ning Leima, are significant.<ref name="Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Land of Gods and Goddesses Book Review By James Oinam|url=http://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.Land_of_Gods_and_Goddesses_Book_Review_By_James_Oinam|access-date=2022-03-29|website=www.e-pao.net}}</ref>

Latest revision as of 19:28, 30 March 2022

Nongthang Leima
The Goddess with 31 Divine Forms
Primeval Goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction
Member of Lairembis
PANTHOIPI.jpg
Goddess Panthoibi is one of the most prominent divine forms of Goddess Nongthang Leima.
Ancient Meitei transliteration
NONGTHANG LEIMA.jpg

In Meitei folklore, mythology and religion, Nongthang Leima, the primordial goddess of thunder and lightning, dance and music, charming and seduction,[1][2][3][4] is said to have multiple divine incarnations in the forms of many feminine beings.[1] The "Laion Laichat", an ancient Meitei scripture, mentions the 31 divine forms of the goddess, among which Panthoibi and Chang-Ning Leima, are significant.[1][5]

Incarnations[edit]

Names Alternate spellings Latin transliteration English translation (or description)
ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯄꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯏꯕꯤ, ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯏꯄꯤ Panthoibi Goddess of war, love and fertility[6][7][8]
ꯇꯥꯟꯊꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯇꯥꯟꯊꯣꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ Tanthong Leima
ꯂꯦꯝꯊꯣꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯂꯦꯝꯊꯣꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ Lemthong Leima
ꯂꯝꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯂꯝꯇꯦꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ Lamteng Leima
ꯍꯩꯅꯧꯄꯣꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ Heinoupok Leima Goddess of mango tree
ꯆꯪꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯆꯡꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯆꯪꯅꯤꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯆꯡꯅꯤꯪ ꯂꯩꯃ Chang-ning Leima
ꯅꯨꯡꯀꯣꯢꯄꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯀꯣꯏꯄꯤ, ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯣꯏꯕꯤ Noong-koipi (Nungoibi) War goddess
ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯢ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏ ꯂꯩꯃ Koloi Leima Goddess of naming
ꯊꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯊꯨꯝꯔꯩꯃ Thumleima Goddess of salt and salt brines[9][10][11]
ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ Ngaleima Goddess of fish[12][13][14]
ꯊꯥꯂꯩꯃ ꯊꯥꯔꯩꯃ Thaleima Goddess of moon
ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯄꯤ ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯄꯤ, ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ, ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯐꯧꯂꯩꯃ, ꯐꯧꯔꯩꯃ Phouoipi Goddess of agriculture, crops and food[15][16][17][18]
ꯌꯣꯠ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯌꯣꯠꯔꯩꯃ Yot-Leima Goddess of iron
ꯋꯥꯇꯂꯩ ꯁꯤꯜꯍꯩꯄꯤ ꯋꯥꯇꯔꯩ ꯁꯤꯟꯍꯩꯕꯤ Waatalei Silheipi Goddess of artisans and occupation
ꯀꯣꯟ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯀꯣꯜꯂꯩꯃ Kon-Leima Goddess of utensils
ꯈꯥꯢꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯆꯅꯨ ꯈꯥꯏꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯆꯅꯨ Khaipa Ningthou Chanu
ꯃꯣꯢꯅꯨ ꯆꯅꯨ ꯃꯣꯏꯅꯨ ꯆꯅꯨ Moinu Chanu (Imoinu) Caretaker goddess of mankind, wealth and prosperity[19][20]
ꯄꯤꯊꯦꯠ ꯂꯩꯃ Pithet Leima
ꯂꯥꯢꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯟ ꯊꯥꯟꯄꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯟ ꯊꯥꯟꯕꯤ Laiwa Leima Laisan Thaanpi
ꯈꯥꯄꯤ ꯂꯨꯀꯣꯢ ꯆꯅꯨ ꯈꯥꯕꯤ ꯂꯨꯀꯣꯏ ꯆꯅꯨ Khapi Lukoi Chanu
ꯂꯤꯛꯂꯥꯄꯤꯆꯥ ꯂꯤꯛꯂꯥꯕꯤꯆꯥ Liklapicha
ꯌꯥꯢꯄꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯌꯥꯏꯕꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯌꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯌꯥꯏꯄꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ Yaipi Leima Goddess of souls
ꯊꯣꯡꯉꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯊꯣꯪꯉꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ Thongak Leima Gatekeeper goddess of the door of the death
ꯁꯤꯇꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ Sitanupi
ꯆꯂꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯆꯔꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ Chalang Leima (Charang Leima)
ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯢꯄꯤ ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯏꯕꯤ, ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯢꯕꯤ, ꯄꯤꯊꯥꯏꯄꯤ Pithaipi Giver Goddess
ꯈꯥꯡꯇꯂꯥꯢꯄꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯇꯂꯥꯏꯄꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯢꯕꯤ, ꯈꯣꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯕꯤ Khongtalaipi
ꯁꯂꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯁꯔꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ Salik Leima (Sarik Leima)
ꯈꯝꯄ ꯌꯥꯡꯇꯩ ꯈꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯡꯗꯩ Khampa Yangtei
ꯅꯨꯡꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯂꯥꯎꯄꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯈꯣꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯂꯥꯎꯕꯤ Nungkhong Nunglaopi Goddess of stones
ꯄꯨꯛꯁꯂꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯄꯨꯛꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ Pukhsali Leima

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Incarnations of Goddess Nongthang Leima By James Oinam". www.e-pao.net. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  2. ↑ Singh, Moirangthem Kirti (1993). Folk Culture of Manipur. Manas Publications. ISBN 978-81-7049-063-0.
  3. ↑ Folk-lore. Indian Publications. 1991.
  4. ↑ The Anthropologist: International Journal of Contemporary and Applied Studies of Man. Kamla-Raj Enterprises. 2003.
  5. ↑ "Land of Gods and Goddesses Book Review By James Oinam". www.e-pao.net. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  6. ↑ Parratt, Saroj Nalini (1997). The Pleasing of the Gods: Meitei Lai Haraoba. Vikas Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-259-0416-8.
  7. ↑ Session, North East India History Association (2001). Proceedings of North East India History Association. The Association.
  8. ↑ Singh, R. K. Jhalajit (1992). A Short History of Manipur. R.K. Jhalajit Singh.
  9. ↑ Jacobs, Joseph; Nutt, Alfred Trübner; Wright, Arthur Robinson; Crooke, William (1913). Folklore. Folklore Society.
  10. ↑ Devi, Lairenlakpam Bino (2002). The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5.
  11. ↑ Devi, Dr Yumlembam Gopi. Glimpses of Manipuri Culture. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-0-359-72919-7.
  12. ↑ Bahadur), Sarat Chandra Roy (Rai (1970). Man in India. A. K. Bose.
  13. ↑ The Eastern Anthropologist. Ethnographic and Folk Culture Society, U.P. 1974.
  14. ↑ Devi, Lairenlakpam Bino (2002). The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5.
  15. ↑ Session, North East India History Association (1999). Proceedings of North East India History Association. The Association.
  16. ↑ Hamilton, Roy W.; Ammayao, Aurora (2003). The Art of Rice: Spirit and Sustenance in Asia. UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History. ISBN 978-0-930741-98-3.
  17. ↑ Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology. Sahitya Akademi. 1997.
  18. ↑ Meitei, Sanjenbam Yaiphaba; Chaudhuri, Sarit K.; Arunkumar, M. C. (2020-11-25). The Cultural Heritage of Manipur. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-29637-2.
  19. ↑ "A Hymn for Goddess Emoinu". e-pao.net. Retrieved 2022-03-29.
  20. ↑ "Meiteis celebrate Emoinu". www.telegraphindia.com. Retrieved 2022-03-29.

External links[edit]


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