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== | ==In popular culture== | ||
{{ | |||
Suburbs and suburban living have been the subject for a wide variety of films, books, television shows and songs. | |||
French songs like ''La Zone'' by [[Fréhel]] (1933), ''Aux quatre coins de la banlieue'' by [[Marie-Louise Damien|Damia]] (1936), ''Ma banlieue'' by [[Reda Caire]] (1937), or ''Banlieue'' by [[Robert Lamoureux]] (1953), evoke the suburbs of Paris explicitly since the 1930s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fremeaux.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&category_id=74&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=506&option=com_virtuemart|title=Chanson francaise La banlieue 1931–1953 Anthologie|website=Fremeaux.com|access-date=2 January 2018}}</ref> Those singers give a sunny festive, almost bucolic, image of the suburbs, yet still few urbanized. During the fifties and the sixties, French singer-songwriter [[Léo Ferré]] evokes in his songs popular and proletarian suburbs of Paris, to oppose them to the city, considered by comparison as a bourgeois and conservative place. | |||
[[French cinema]] was although soon interested in urban changes in the suburbs, with such movies as ''[[Mon oncle]]'' by [[Jacques Tati]] (1958), ''[[L'Amour existe]]'' by [[Maurice Pialat]] (1961) or ''[[Two or Three Things I Know About Her]]'' by [[Jean-Luc Godard]] (1967). | |||
In his one-act opera ''[[Trouble in Tahiti]]'' (1952), [[Leonard Bernstein]] skewers American suburbia, which produces misery instead of happiness. | |||
The American [[photojournalist]] [[Bill Owens (photographer)|Bill Owens]] documented the culture of suburbia in the 1970s, most notably in his book ''[[Suburbia (book)|Suburbia]]''. The 1962 song "[[Little Boxes]]" by [[Malvina Reynolds]] lampoons the development of suburbia and its perceived [[bourgeois]] and [[Conformity|conformist]] values,<ref>{{cite book |title=[[Little Boxes: The Architecture of a Classic Midcentury Suburb]] |first=Rob |last=Keil |location=Daly City, CA |publisher=Advection Media |year=2006 |isbn=0-9779236-4-9}}</ref> while the 1982 song ''[[Subdivisions (song)|Subdivisions]]'' by the Canadian band [[Rush (band)|Rush]] also discusses suburbia, as does [[Rockin' the Suburbs]] by [[Ben Folds]]. The 2010 album ''[[The Suburbs (album)|The Suburbs]]'' by the Canadian-based alternative band [[Arcade Fire]] dealt with aspects of growing up in suburbia, suggesting aimlessness, apathy and endless rushing are ingrained into the suburban culture and mentality. ''Suburb The Musical,'' was written by Robert S. Cohen and David Javerbaum. [[Over the Hedge]] is a syndicated comic strip written and drawn by Michael Fry and T. Lewis. It tells the story of a raccoon, turtle, a squirrel, and their friends who come to terms with their woodlands being taken over by suburbia, trying to survive the increasing flow of humanity and technology while becoming enticed by it at the same time. A film adaptation of [[Over the Hedge (film)|Over the Hedge]] was produced in 2006. | |||
British television series such as ''[[The Good Life (1975 TV series)|The Good Life]]'', ''[[Butterflies (TV series)|Butterflies]]'' and ''[[The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin]]'' have depicted suburbia as well-manicured but relentlessly boring, and its residents as either overly conforming or prone to going [[Stir crazy (condition)|stir crazy]]. In contrast, U.S. shows such as ''[[Knots Landing]]'', ''[[Desperate Housewives]]'' and ''[[Weeds (TV series)|Weeds]]'' portray the suburbs as concealing darker secrets behind a façade of manicured lawns, friendly people, and beautifully kept houses. Films such as ''[[The 'Burbs]]'' and ''[[Disturbia (film)|Disturbia]]'' have brought this theme to the cinema. | |||
== See also == | |||
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em| | |||
* [[Bibliography of suburbs]] | |||
* [[Criticism of suburbia]] | |||
* [[Boomburb]]s | |||
* [[Ethnoburb]] | |||
* [[Faubourg]] | |||
* [[Microdistrict]] | |||
* [[Developed environments]] | |||
* [[Human settlement|Settlement types]] | |||
* [[Rural–urban fringe]] | |||
* [[Slum]] | |||
* [[Subdivision (land)|Subdivision]] | |||
* [[List of satellite cities by population]] | |||
}} | |||
== Notes == | |||
{{NoteFoot}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | |||
== Bibliography == | |||
{{Main list|Bibliography of suburbs}} | |||
{{refbegin}} | |||
* Archer, John; Paul J.P. Sandul, and Katherine Solomonson (eds.), ''Making Suburbia: New Histories of Everyday America.'' Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2015. | |||
* Baxandall, Rosalyn and Elizabeth Ewen. ''Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened.'' New York: Basic Books, 2000. | |||
* Beauregard, Robert A. '' When America Became Suburban''. University of Minnesota Press, 2006. | |||
* {{cite book |last1=Boyd |first1=Robin |year=1960 |title=The Australian Ugliness |location=Melbourne |publisher=Penguin Books}} | |||
* Fishman, Robert. ''Bourgeois Utopias: The Rise and Fall of Suburbia''. Basic Books, 1987; in U.S. | |||
* {{cite book|last=Foxell|first=Clive|title=Chesham Shuttle: The Story of a Metropolitan Branch Line|edition=2nd|year=1996|publisher=Clive Foxell|isbn=0-9529184-0-4}} | |||
* Galinou, Mireille. ''Cottages and Villas: The Birth of the Garden Suburb'' (2011), in England | |||
* {{cite book|last=Green|first=Oliver|year=1987|title=The London Underground: An illustrated history|publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing|Ian Allan]]|isbn=0-7110-1720-4}} | |||
* {{cite book|title=Metro-Land|edition=British Empire Exhibition 1924 reprinted|year=2004|isbn=1-904915-00-0|editor-first=Oliver|editor-last=Green|publisher=Southbank Publishing|url=http://www.southbankpublishing.com/9781904915003/introduction.php|access-date=22 April 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20080628202202/http://www.southbankpublishing.com/9781904915003/introduction.php|archive-date=28 June 2008|url-status=dead}} | |||
* Harris, Richard. ''Creeping Conformity: How Canada Became Suburban, 1900–1960'' (2004) | |||
* Hayden, Dolores. ''Building Suburbia: Green Fields and Urban Growth, 1820–2000''. Vintage Books, 2003. | |||
* {{cite book|last=Horne|first=Mike|title=The Metropolitan Line|year=2003|publisher=Capital Transport|isbn=1-85414-275-5|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/metropolitanline00mike}} | |||
* {{cite crabgrass}} | |||
* {{cite book|title=London's Metropolitan Railway|last=Jackson|first=Alan|year=1986|publisher=David & Charles|isbn=0-7153-8839-8}} | |||
* {{cite book|title=The English landscape in the twentieth century|last=Rowley|first=Trevor|year=2006|publisher=[[Continuum International Publishing Group|Hambledon Continuum]]|isbn=1-85285-388-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/englishlandscape0000rowl}} | |||
* {{cite book|last=Simpson|first=Bill|title=A History of the Metropolitan Railway. Volume 1: The Circle and Extended Lines to Rickmansworth.|publisher=Lamplight Publications|year=2003|isbn=1-899246-07-X}} | |||
* Stilgoe, John R. ''Borderland: Origins of the American Suburb, 1820–1939''. Yale University Press, 1989. | |||
* [[Jon C. Teaford|Teaford, Jon C.]] ''The American Suburb: The Basics''. Routledge, 2008. | |||
{{refend}} | |||
==External links== | |||
{{Wikiquote}} | |||
{{Commons}} | |||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100105102559/http://knol.google.com/k/steven-chong/a-future-vision-for-the-north-american/2e3144udfqrpg/5 A Future Vision for the North American Suburb] | |||
* [http://fass.kingston.ac.uk/research/suburban-studies Centre for Suburban Studies] | |||
* [http://www.hgs.org.uk/mystreet/index.html Images of a mature north London suburb illustrating a wide range of domestic architecture] | |||
* [http://www.endofsuburbia.com/ The end of suburbia] (documentary film) | |||
{{Cities}} | |||
{{Authority control}} | |||
[[Category:City]] | |||
[[Category:Neighbourhoods|*]] | |||
[[Category:Suburbs| ]] | |||
[[Category:Types of populated places]] | |||
[[Category:Urban planning]] | |||
[[Category:Squatting]] | |||