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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}} | {{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}} | ||
[[File:MAHOBA, U.P. - allha.preview.jpg|thumb|Veer Udal of Mahoba, U.P., India]] | [[File:MAHOBA, U.P. - allha.preview.jpg|thumb|Veer Udal of Mahoba, U.P., India]] | ||
'''Udal''' is the name of a legendary 12th century general who appears in the ''[[Alha-Khand]]'' epic.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schomer |first1=Karine |title=The "Ālhā" Epic in Contemporary Performance |journal=The World of Music |date=1990 |volume=32 |issue=2 |page=58 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43561259.}}</ref> In the epic, Udal and his brother [[Alha]] serve in the army of the [[Chandela]] king [[Paramardi|Paramardi Deva]] (also known as Parmal or Parimal) of [[Mahoba]]. They are of mixed [[Ahir]] and [[Rajput]] descent | '''Udal''' is the name of a legendary 12th century general who appears in the ''[[Alha-Khand]]'' epic.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Schomer |first1=Karine |title=The "Ālhā" Epic in Contemporary Performance |journal=The World of Music |date=1990 |volume=32 |issue=2 |page=58 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43561259.}}</ref> In the epic, Udal and his brother [[Alha]] serve in the army of the [[Chandela]] king [[Paramardi|Paramardi Deva]] (also known as Parmal or Parimal) of [[Mahoba]]. They belonged to the [[Banaphar]] clan, which are of mixed [[Ahir]] and [[Rajput]] descent.<ref name="Hiltebeitel160">{{cite book|last=Hiltebeitel|first=Alf|authorlink=Alf Hiltebeitel|title=Rethinking India's Oral and Classical Epics: Draupadi among Rajputs, Muslims, and Dalits |year=2009|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-34050-0|page=163|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MMFdosx0PokC&pg=PA163 |quote=Ūdal (and the rest of the Banāphars) is susceptible to "mean caste" slurs and slights because of his combined Kṣatriya (Rajput) and cowherd (Ahir) background.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Crowley|first=Thomas|title= Fractured Forest, Quartzite City: A History of Delhi and its Ridge|pages=277|quote=The Banaphars also identify themselves as Rajputs. Throughout this epic, though, they have various caste slurs hurled at them by higher-status Rajputs who claim that the Banaphar line is contaminated with the blood of Ahirs, a nomadic pastoral community.|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=jhP9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA277&dq=thomas+crowley+banaphar+rajput&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwib2YLe8vbyAhXh7HMBHfS_CYgQuwV6BAgDEAc#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> | ||
According to the ''Alha-Khand'', Udal was born after the death of his father Dassraj, who was also a general, and was killed in the service of king Paramardi. The king subsequently raised Udal as his own son.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mishra |first=Pt. Lalita Prasad |title=Alhakhand |language=Hindi |edition=15 |year=2007 |publisher=Tejkumar Book Depot (Pvt) Ltd |location=[[Lucknow]] (India) |pages=1–11 (History of Mahoba)}}</ref> The epic describes how Udal was killed while fighting the invading army of Rai Pithora, also known as [[Prithviraj Chauhan]], in a large battle at [[Mahoba]]; while the content of the ballads has been embellished, the battle has been attested by stone inscriptions at [[Madanpur, Lalitpur, India|Madanpur]], and took place at some point in 1182-1183.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mitra |first=Sisir Kumar |title=The Early Rulers of Khajurāho |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=irHN2UA_Z7gC&pg=PA123 |p=123 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1977 |isbn=9788120819979}}</ref> | According to the ''Alha-Khand'', Udal was born after the death of his father Dassraj, who was also a general, and was killed in the service of king Paramardi. The king subsequently raised Udal as his own son.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mishra |first=Pt. Lalita Prasad |title=Alhakhand |language=Hindi |edition=15 |year=2007 |publisher=Tejkumar Book Depot (Pvt) Ltd |location=[[Lucknow]] (India) |pages=1–11 (History of Mahoba)}}</ref> The epic describes how Udal was killed while fighting the invading army of Rai Pithora, also known as [[Prithviraj Chauhan]], in a large battle at [[Mahoba]]; while the content of the ballads has been embellished, the battle has been attested by stone inscriptions at [[Madanpur, Lalitpur, India|Madanpur]], and took place at some point in 1182-1183.<ref>{{cite book |last=Mitra |first=Sisir Kumar |title=The Early Rulers of Khajurāho |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=irHN2UA_Z7gC&pg=PA123 |p=123 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1977 |isbn=9788120819979}}</ref> | ||