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'''Mufti Mohammad Sayeed''' (12 January 1936 – 7 January 2016) was an [[Indian people|Indian]] [[politician]]. He was a member of the [[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP). He served as the [[List of Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]] from 2 November 2002 until 2 November 2005 and, again, from 1 March 2015 until his death.
{{Short description| Indian politician}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix    =
| name                = Mufti Mohammad Sayeed
| image              = Mufti Mohammad Sayeed.jpg
| imagesize          = 180px
| caption            = Mufti Mohammad Sayeed in 2015
| order              = 6th
| office              = Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir
| deputy              = [[Nirmal Kumar Singh]]
| term_start          = 1 March 2015
| term_end            = 7 January 2016
| governor            = [[Narinder Nath Vohra]]
| predecessor        = [[Omar Abdullah]]
| successor          = [[Mehbooba Mufti]]
| governor1          = [[Girish Chandra Saxena]] <br /> [[Srinivas Kumar Sinha]]
| term_start1        = 2 November 2002
| term_end1          = 2 November 2005
| predecessor1        = ''Governor's rule''
| successor1          = [[Ghulam Nabi Azad]]
| office2            = [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]]
| primeminister2      = [[V. P. Singh]]
| term_start2        = 2 December 1989
| term_end2          = 10 November 1990
| predecessor2        = [[Sardar Buta Singh]]
| successor2          = [[Chandra Shekhar]]
| office3            = [[Minister of Tourism]]
| primeminister3      = [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
| term_start3        = 12 May 1986
| term_end3          = 14 July 1987
| predecessor3        = [[HKL Bhagat]]
| successor3          = [[Jagdish Tytler]]
| birth_date          = {{birth date|df=yes|1936|01|12}}
| birth_place        = [[Bijbehara]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Kashmir and Jammu]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date          = {{death date and age|df=yes|2016|01|07|1936|01|12}}
| death_place        = [[New Delhi]], India
| office4 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| constituency4 = [[Anantnag (Lok Sabha constituency)|Anantnag]]
| predecessor4 = [[Maqbool Dar|Mohammad Maqbool Dar]]
| successor4 = Ali Mohammed Naik
| termstart4 = {{Start date|1998||}}
| termend4 = {{End date|1999||}}


Sayeed was born in [[Bijbehara]], [[Kashmir and Jammu]]. He was a [[Kashmiris|Kashmiri]] [[Muslim]]. He was married and had three children.
| constituency5 = [[Muzaffarnagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Muzaffarnagar]]
| termstart5 = {{Start date|1989||}}
| termend5 = {{End date|1991||}}
| predecessor5 = [[Dharamvir Singh Tyagi]]
| successor5 = Naresh Kumar Baliyan


Sayeed died from [[multiple organ failure]] on 7 January 2016 in [[New Delhi]], aged 79.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Mufti-Mohammad-Sayeed-Jammu-and-Kashmir-chief-minister-dies/articleshow/50477014.cms|title=Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, Jammu and Kashmir chief minister, dies|work=Times of India|date=7 January 2016|accessdate=7 January 2016}}</ref>
| party              = [[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party]]
| otherparty          = [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]] {{small|(1950–1965)}}<br />[[Indian National Congress]] {{small|(1965–1987, 1991–1999)}}<br />[[Janata Dal]] {{small|(1987–1991)}}
| nationality        = [[India]]n
| children            = 4 (including [[Mehbooba Mufti]], [[Tassaduq Hussain Mufti]], and [[Rubaiya Sayeed]])<ref name="dnamufti"/>
| alma_mater          = [[Aligarh Muslim University]]
}}
 
'''Mufti Mohammad Sayeed''' (12 January 1936 – 7 January 2016) was a politician from the [[States and territories of India|Indian state]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. He started in the wing of the [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|National Conference]] led by [[G. M. Sadiq]], which later merged into the [[Indian National Congress]], eventually founding his own regional party [[Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP). He served twice as the [[List of Prime and Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir|Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]], from November 2002 to November 2005 and again from March 2015 to January 2016. He was also Minister of Tourism in Rajiv Gandhi's cabinet. He was also [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Home Minister of India]] from December 1989 to November 1990.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mufti Mohammad Sayeed: Another chance in a chequered career|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/politics/mufti-mohammad-sayeed-the-other-in-j-k-politics-114122300829_1.html|access-date=23 June 2015|newspaper=Business Standard|date=24 December 2014}}</ref> The PDP continues to be a political force in Jammu and Kashmir, currently led by his daughter [[Mehbooba Mufti]].
 
==Early life==
Mufti Sayeed was born on 1936 in [[Bijbehara]] town of [[Anantnag district]] to a family of clerics. He completed his basic studies in [[Srinagar]] and earned his law and postgraduate degree in [[Arabic]] from [[Aligarh Muslim University]] before entering politics.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/mufti-mohammad-sayeed-much-more-than-delhi-s-man-in-kashmir/story-dQtQ0BMxLCNyLkchav1yuI.html|title=Mufti Mohammad Sayeed: Much more than Delhi's man in Kashmir|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=7 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/the-sunday-story-a-show-of-hands/|title=The Sunday Story: A show of hands|date=2015-01-04|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-05-07|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.scoopwhoop.com/Deceased-JK-CM-Mufti-Mohd-Sayeed-Changed-The-Way-India-Negotiated-With-Terrorists-Here-Are-10-Facts-You-Should-Know-About-Him/#.953vqlqv2|title=Deceased J&K CM Mufti Mohd Sayeed Changed The Way India Negotiated With Terrorists. Here Are 10 Facts You Should Know About Him|last=ScoopWhoop|date=2016-01-07|work=ScoopWhoop|access-date=2018-05-07|language=En}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/the-sunday-story-a-show-of-hands/|title=The Sunday Story: A show of hands|date=March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/opinion/dulat-disclosures/191353.html|title=Dulat disclosures}}</ref>
 
Politician and former chief minister of Kashmir [[Mehbooba Mufti]] is his daughter.<ref name="dnamufti">{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/live-jammu-kashmir-cm-mufti-mohammed-sayeed-passes-away-2163089|title=Live: Mufti Mohammad Sayeed to be laid to rest in Bijbehara; Seven-day state mourning declared|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=7 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-30585105|title=Kashmir's first woman chief minister|last=Masroor|first=Shujaat Bukhari and Riyaz|date=2016-04-04|work=BBC News|access-date=2018-05-07|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/j-bjp-gets-more-cabinet-berths-2711272.html|title=J&K gets its first woman CM in Mehbooba Mufti; BJP gets more Cabinet berths - Firstpost|website=www.firstpost.com|date=4 April 2016|access-date=2018-05-07}}</ref>
 
==Political party affiliations==
Sayeed started his political career in the 1950s in the Democratic National Conference, a splinter group of the [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]] led by [[Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq]]. He was appointed as the district convenor of the party,<ref name=Hebbar>Nistula Hebbar, [http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/JampK-Chief-Minister-Mufti-Mohammad-Sayeed-dead/article13986437.ece J&K Chief Minister Mufti Mohammad Sayeed dead], The Hindu, 7 January 2016.</ref> which merged back into the National Conference in late 1960.{{sfn|Bose, Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace|2003|p=77}}
 
In 1962, he was elected to the [[Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir|Legislative Assembly]] from Bijbehara. After G. M. Sadiq became the Chief Minister of the state in 1964, Sayeed was appointed as a Deputy Minister in his government.<ref name=Hebbar/>
 
In January 1965, the National Conference merged into the [[Indian National Congress]].{{sfn|Bose, Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace|2003|p=82}} Thus Sayeed became a member of Congress.
 
In 1972, Sayeed became a cabinet minister and, the president of the state Congress unit.<ref name=Hebbar/><ref name="ibnlivemufti">{{cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/politics/mufti-mohammed-sayeed-a-political-opportunist-and-stalwart-of-jk-1186359.html|title=Mufti Mohammed Sayeed: A political opportunist and stalwart of J&K|publisher=[[IBNLive]]|date=7 January 2016}}</ref> He is said to have brought about the downfall of the [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]] government, which was led by [[Farooq Abdullah]], in 1984.<ref name = "rediff_fateful">{{cite news | last = Malik | first = Mohammed Sayeed | title = Mufti's fateful links  | work=[[Rediff.com]] | date = 30 October 2002 | url = http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/oct/30malik.htm | access-date = 5 March 2009}}</ref> He joined the [[Rajiv Gandhi Ministry|Rajiv Gandhi government]] in 1986 as [[Minister of Tourism (India)|Minister of Tourism]].<ref name="ibnlivemufti"/> In 1987, he quit the Congress party to join [[V. P. Singh]]'s [[Jan Morcha]], which led to his becoming the first Muslim [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Minister for Home Affairs]] in the [[Union Cabinet of India]] for one year, from 1989 to 1990.<ref name = "bbc_profile">{{cite news  | last = Prabhat | first = Abhishek | title = Profile: Mufti Mohammad Sayeed |work=BBC News  |publisher=BBC  | date = 29 October 2002 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/2369851.stm | access-date = 5 March 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/mufti-a-man-caught-in-the-mid-stream-tragedy/story-YvwYbSI2hxMzKk8UqG4AkO.html|title=Mufti: A man caught in the 'mid-stream' tragedy|newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=7 January 2016}}</ref>
 
He rejoined the Congress under [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]], which he left in 1999 along with daughter [[Mehbooba Mufti]] to form his own party, the [[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party]].
 
==Political career ==
===Chief Minister: First tenure (2002–2005)===
Mohammad Sayeed participated in the 2002 assembly election and won 18 assembly seats for his Peoples Democratic Party. He went on to form a [[coalition government]] with the Indian National Congress, and was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir for a term of three years.<ref name = "bbc_">{{cite news | title = New leader promises Kashmir 'healing' |work=BBC News  |publisher=BBC  | date = 3 November 2002 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2394023.stm | access-date = 5 March 2009}}</ref>
 
In 2003, he merged the autonomous [[Special Operations Group (India)|Special Operations Group]] with the [[Jammu and Kashmir Police]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Mufti disbands SOG, merges force with police|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2003-02-25/news/27516040_1_anti-militancy-sog-special-operations-group|website=Economic Times|access-date=7 January 2016|date=25 February 2003}}</ref> It was under his tenure which coincided with the [[India-Pakistan relations|peace process]] led by [[Prime Ministers of India|Indian Prime Ministers]] [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] and [[Manmohan Singh]] and Pakistani President [[Pervez Musharraf]], with [[Line of Control|LOC]] opened for trade and bus service.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-mufti-mohammad-sayeed-a-master-politician-who-tried-to-nurture-true-indian-constituency-in-kashmir-2163383 |title=Mufti Mohammad Sayeed: A master politician who tried to nurture true Indian constituency in Kashmir|newspaper=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|date=8 January 2016}}</ref>
 
===Chief Minister: Second tenure (2015–2016)===
In the [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]], the PDP emerged as the single largest party, though it fell short of a majority. Following a coalition agreement between the [[BJP]] and the PDP, Sayeed started his second tenure as the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/pm-modi-will-attend-oath-ceremony-says-jammu-and-kashmirs-chief-minister-to-be-mufti-sayeed-742836?story_interestedin_related|title=PM Modi Will Attend Oath Ceremony, Says Jammu and Kashmir's Chief Minister-to-be Mufti Sayeed|author=Amit Chaturvedi|date=27 February 2015|work=NDTV.com}}</ref>
 
===Union Minister for Home Affairs===
In 1989, within few days of taking office as the [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Union Minister for Home Affairs]], his third daughter, Rubaiya, was [[1989 kidnapping of Rubaiya Sayeed|kidnapped]].<ref name = "rediff_int1">{{cite news | last = Sreedharan | first = Chindu | title = 'Elections in J&K have not been fair since 1987' | work=[[Rediff.com]] | date = 18 September 1999 | url = http://www.rediff.com/election/1999/sep/18inter.htm | access-date = 5 March 2009}}</ref> She was released in exchange for the release of five militants.<ref name = "bbc_profile"/> During his tenure as Home Minister of India [[Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus]] took place.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/story/207367.html |title=On 'Holocaust' day, Kashmiris seek probe into Pandit exodus |last=DIN |first=ZAHIR-UD |date=20 January 2016 |location=[[Srinagar]] |access-date=14 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701222257/https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/story/207367.html |archive-date=1 July 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.kashmirink.in/news/coverstory/probe-the-exodus/133.html |title=PROBE THE EXODUS |last=Din |first=Zahir-ud |date=1 April 2016  |publisher=Kashmir Ink |access-date=14 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701193934/http://www.kashmirink.in/news/coverstory/probe-the-exodus/133.html |archive-date=1 July 2018 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref name="Rediff">{{Cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2005/jan/19kanch.htm |title=19/01/90: When Kashmiri Pandits fled Islamist terror |date=19 January 2005 |publisher=Rediff |access-date=10 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126101005/http://www.rediff.com/news/2005/jan/19kanch.htm |archive-date=26 January 2017 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
 
==Attacks on his family and himself==
{{Main|1989 kidnapping of Rubaiya Sayeed}}
Besides attacks on family members Sayeed also survived attacks on his life by Kashmiri separatists. His daughter Rubaiya Sayeed was also [[1989_kidnapping_of_Rubaiya_Sayeed|kidnapped on 9 Dec 1989]].<ref name = "rediff_int1"/>
 
==Death==
On 24 December 2015, Sayeed was admitted to the [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi|AIIMS]] hospital in New Delhi. He suffered from neck pain and fever. His condition gradually deteriorated, and he was put on ventilator support. He died on 7 January 2016 due to multi-organ failure<ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/mufti-mohammad-sayeed-dies-jammu-and-kashmir/ |title=Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir, passes away at AIIMS Delhi |date=7 January 2016 |newspaper=Indian Express }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=J&K CM Mufti Mohammad Sayeed passes away|url=http://www.abplive.in/india-news/jk-cm-mufti-mohammad-sayeed-passes-away-270725|website=ABP Live|access-date=7 January 2016}}</ref> at about 7:30, according to provincial Education Minister and PDP Spokesman Nayeem Akhter.<ref name="React"/> He was just five days short of his 80th birthday when he died.
 
Reactions to this death came from Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]], national Home Minister [[Rajnath Singh]] at Delhi airport and the [[14th Dalai Lama]].<ref>[[Yeshe Choesang]], [http://www.thetibetpost.com/en/news/exile/4867-his-holiness-the-dalai-lama-of-tibet-offers-condolences-to-ms-mufti His Holiness the Dalai Lama of Tibet offers condolences to Ms Mufti], 11 January 2016, Tibet Post International</ref> He was buried at his ancestral burial ground in Bijbehera<ref>{{cite web|url=http://onlykashmir.in/mufti-mohammad-sayeed-laid-to-rest/|title=Mufti Mohammad Sayeed laid to rest - Only Kashmir - Behind the News|access-date=23 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126140733/http://onlykashmir.in/mufti-mohammad-sayeed-laid-to-rest/|archive-date=26 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> with state honours. Former Chief Ministers [[Omar Abdullah]] and [[Ghulam Nabi Azad]] were present at his funeral.<ref name="trib"/> Condolences also came from former President [[Pranab Mukherjee]], former deputy prime minister [[L. K. Advani]], [[Ram Madhav]], Delhi Chief Minister [[Arvind Kejriwal]], BJP Vice President [[Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi]], former national Oil Minister [[Milind Deora]], PDP member Rafi Mir and politicians Kalraj Mishra, [[Jitendra Singh (BJP politician)|Jitendra Singh]] and Ahmed Patel.<ref name="React">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/he-provided-a-healing-touch-to-kashmir-from-modi-to-kejriwal-condolences-pour-in-for-mufti-mohammad-sayeed-2573756.html|title='He provided a healing touch to Kashmir': From PM Modi to Kejriwal, condolences pour in for Mufti Mohammad Sayeed - Firstpost|date=7 January 2016|access-date=23 October 2016}}</ref>
 
According to party member and PDP Chief Spokesperson [[Mirza Mehboob Beg]],<ref name="React"/> the PDP supported his daughter, Mehbooba Mufti, as the next chief minister, while coalition ally BJP expressed "no objection" to her succeeding her father.<ref name="trib">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/cm-who-brought-jammu-with-kashmir-dies/180846.html|title=CM who brought Jammu with Kashmir dies}}</ref>
 
Mufti Mohammad Sayeed has been laid to rest in [[Dara Shikoh Garden|Dara Shikoh Garden Bijbehara]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}
 
==See also ==
* [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]]
* [[List of Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir]]
* [[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party]]


==References==
==References==
{{Commons category}}
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{Reflist}}
 
== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |first=Sumantra |last=Bose |author-link=Sumantra Bose |title=Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2003 |isbn=0-674-01173-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ACMe9WBdNAC |ref={{sfnref|Bose, Kashmir: Roots of Conflict, Paths to Peace|2003}}}}
 
==External links==
{{Commons category|Mufti Mohammad Sayeed}}
* [http://muftisayeed.in/ Official website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141117225615/http://jkpdp.org/chief-patron/ Biography on J&K PDP website]
* [http://www.caravanmagazine.in/reportage/the-collaborator-mufti-mohammed-sayeed The Collaborator: How Mufti Mohammad Sayeed became Delhi’s man in Kashmir]
 
{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Mohammad Maqbool]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br />for [[Anantnag (Lok Sabha constituency)|Anantnag]]|years=1998–1999}}
{{s-aft|after={{nowrap|[[Ali Mohammed Naik]]}}}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{Succession box
| before = [[Buta Singh]]
| title  = [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]]
| years  = 2 December 1989 – 10 November 1990
| after  = [[Chandra Shekhar]]
}}
{{Succession box
| before = [[President's Rule]]
| title  = [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]]
| years  = 2 November 2002 – 2 November 2005
| after  = [[Ghulam Nabi Azad]]
}}
{{Succession box
|before = [[President's Rule]]
|title  = [[Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir]]
| after  = [[Mehbooba Mufti]]
| years  = 1 March 2015 – 7 January 2016
}}
{{s-end}}
 
{{Home Ministry (India)}}
{{Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir}}
 
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Sayeed,  Mohammad}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sayeed,  Mohammad}}
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:2016 deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths from multiple organ failure]]
[[Category:Kashmiri people]]
[[Category:Disease-related deaths in India]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Bijbehara]]
 
[[Category:Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party politicians]]
 
[[Category:V. P. Singh administration]]
{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Ministers of Internal Affairs of India]]
[[Category:Jammu and Kashmir MLAs 2014–2018]]
[[Category:Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]
[[Category:Faculty of Law, Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Peoples Democratic Party]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
[[Category:Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:12th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:9th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Muzaffarnagar]]
[[Category:State funerals in India]]
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