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The '''cheer pheasant''' (''Catreus wallichii'') also known as '''Wallich's pheasant''' (in [[Nepal]]: "Kahir", "Chihir") is a [[vulnerable species]] of the [[pheasant]] family, [[Phasianidae]]. It is the only member of the [[genus]] ''Catreus''. | The '''cheer pheasant''' (''Catreus wallichii'') also known as '''Wallich's pheasant''' (in [[Nepal]]: "Kahir", "Chihir") is a [[vulnerable species]] of the [[pheasant]] family, [[Phasianidae]]. It is the only member of the [[genus]] ''Catreus''. | ||
The [[species]] was named as ''Phasianus wallichi'' by the [[English people|English]] [[Zoology|zoologist]] [[Thomas Hardwicke]] in 1827; he named it after the [[Denmark|Danish]] [[botanist]] [[Nathaniel Wallich]]. Later the name was changed to the present name by the English [[ornithologist]] [[John Gould]].<ref name="beebe">{{cite book | last =Beebe | first =William | title =A monograph of the pheasants | publisher =Witherby & Co. | location =London | year =1918 |volume=3 |pages= | The [[species]] was named as ''Phasianus wallichi'' by the [[English people|English]] [[Zoology|zoologist]] [[Thomas Hardwicke]] in 1827; he named it after the [[Denmark|Danish]] [[botanist]] [[Nathaniel Wallich]]. Later the name was changed to the present name by the English [[ornithologist]] [[John Gould]].<ref name="beebe">{{cite book | last =Beebe | first =William | title =A monograph of the pheasants | publisher =Witherby & Co. | location =London | year =1918 |volume=3 |pages=49–66 | isbn = }} Available on line in [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/107684#page/93/mode/1up Biodiversity Heritage Library]</ref> | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
The Cheer pheasant lacks the color and brilliance of most [[pheasant]]s. The male has a [[brown]]ish [[yellow]] [[Feather|plumage]] with black [[:wikt:marking|markings]] and a long gray [[crest]]; the [[skin]] of the face is red. Its long tail is mainly gray and brown,<ref name="gbwf">{{Cite web |url=http://www.gbwf.org/pheasants/cheer.html |title=Cheer Pheasant, Catreus wallichi |publisher=gbwf.org | The Cheer pheasant lacks the color and brilliance of most [[pheasant]]s. The male has a [[brown]]ish [[yellow]] [[Feather|plumage]] with black [[:wikt:marking|markings]] and a long gray [[crest]]; the [[skin]] of the face is red. Its long tail is mainly gray and brown,<ref name="gbwf">{{Cite web |url=http://www.gbwf.org/pheasants/cheer.html |title=Cheer Pheasant, Catreus wallichi |publisher=gbwf.org |work= |accessdate=18 June 2013 |archive-date=3 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003083726/http://www.gbwf.org/pheasants/cheer.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and has 18 feathers, something that puts this pheasant apart from similar species.<ref name="beebe1">{{cite book | last =Beebe | first =William | title =A monograph of the pheasants | publisher =Witherby & Co. | location =London | year =1918 |volume=1 |pages=XXVII | isbn = }} Available on line in [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34629314#page/43/mode/1up Biodiversity Heritage Library]</ref> | ||
The female is smaller than the male, somewhat [[:wikt:dull|dull]]er in plumage and more heavily marked, with reduced red [[Face|facial]] skin, a shorter crest and lacking the male’s [[:en:wikt:spur|spurs]].<ref name="gbwf" /> | The female is smaller than the male, somewhat [[:wikt:dull|dull]]er in plumage and more heavily marked, with reduced red [[Face|facial]] skin, a shorter crest and lacking the male’s [[:en:wikt:spur|spurs]].<ref name="gbwf" /> | ||
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[[File:Catreus wallichii.jpg|thumb|Cheer pheasant pair from Himalaya, India]] | [[File:Catreus wallichii.jpg|thumb|Cheer pheasant pair from Himalaya, India]] | ||
==Biology and social behaviour== | ==Biology and social behaviour== | ||
These pheasants tend to be fairly [[:en:wikt:gregarious|gregarious]] (traveling in groups) for much of the year, with groups of five to fifteen birds, but form [[Monogamy|monogamous]] pairs during the [[:wikt:breed|breeding]] season from late April to June.<ref name="pakistan">{{Cite web |url=http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/Cheer_Pheasant.htm |title=Cheer Pheasant |work=Pheasants of Pakistan |publisher=Wildlife of Pakistan |accessdate=18 June 2013 }}</ref> They breed on steep [[cliff]]s during summer and the number of [[Cleidoic egg|eggs]] in a [[nest]] is relatively large; there are usually ten to eleven eggs in each nest, though in some cases there as many as 14.<ref name="baker">{{cite journal|url= |last=Baker |first=E.C. Stuart |format= |title=The game birds of India, Burmay and Ceylon. Part XXV |journal=J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. |year=1918 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages= | These pheasants tend to be fairly [[:en:wikt:gregarious|gregarious]] (traveling in groups) for much of the year, with groups of five to fifteen birds, but form [[Monogamy|monogamous]] pairs during the [[:wikt:breed|breeding]] season from late April to June.<ref name="pakistan">{{Cite web |url=http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/Cheer_Pheasant.htm |title=Cheer Pheasant |work=Pheasants of Pakistan |publisher=Wildlife of Pakistan |accessdate=18 June 2013 }}</ref> They breed on steep [[cliff]]s during summer and the number of [[Cleidoic egg|eggs]] in a [[nest]] is relatively large; there are usually ten to eleven eggs in each nest, though in some cases there as many as 14.<ref name="baker">{{cite journal|url= |last=Baker |first=E.C. Stuart |format= |title=The game birds of India, Burmay and Ceylon. Part XXV |journal=J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. |year=1918 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–5 |location=Bombay |accessdate=18 June 2013|issn=}} Available on line in [https://archive.org/stream/journalofbombayn26bomb#page/n52/mode/1up Internet Archive]</ref> | ||
The Cheer pheasants get most of their food from the [[ground]], [[:wikt:digging|digging]] with is powerful [[beak]]s; they eat [[root]]s, [[tuber]]s, [[bulb]]s, [[seed]]s, [[insect]]s and other small animals. They look for food mainly during the morning and evening, walking in pairs or, sometimes, in family groups.<ref name="pakistan" /> | The Cheer pheasants get most of their food from the [[ground]], [[:wikt:digging|digging]] with is powerful [[beak]]s; they eat [[root]]s, [[tuber]]s, [[bulb]]s, [[seed]]s, [[insect]]s and other small animals. They look for food mainly during the morning and evening, walking in pairs or, sometimes, in family groups.<ref name="pakistan" /> | ||