Brajendranath De: Difference between revisions

From Bharatpedia, an open encyclopedia
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Line 24: Line 24:


==Early life and education==
==Early life and education==
De, a member of a Kayastha-Brahmo family of Calcutta, was born to Durgadas De, an early student of Hindu College, Calcutta (later renamed [[Presidency University]]). He studied at [[Hare School]], [[Calcutta]], and then Canning Collegiate School and [[Lucknow University|Canning College, Lucknow]].<ref name="Full Text of 'Tabaqat-i-Akbari'">[https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.116007/2015.116007.The-Tabaqat-i-akbari-Of-Khwajah-Nizamuddin-Ahmad-Voliii_djvu.txt Full Text of 'Tabaqat-i-Akbari']</ref>
De, a member of a Kayastha-Brahmo family of Calcutta, was born to Durgadas De, an early student of Hindu College, Calcutta (later renamed [[Presidency University]]). He studied at [[Hare School]], [[Calcutta]], and then Canning Collegiate School and [[Lucknow University|Canning College, Lucknow]].<ref name="Full Text of 'Tabaqat-i-Akbari'">[https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.116007/2015.116007.The-Tabaqat-i-akbari-Of-Khwajah-Nizamuddin-Ahmad-Voliii_djvu.txt Full Text of 'Tabaqat-i-Akbari']</ref>, where he was a pupil of Saiyid Husain Bilgrami.


Later, he travelled to England for his higher studies, where he joined University College, London to appear in the Open Competitive Services examination. He joined the [[Indian Civil Service]] in 1873,<ref>{{cite book |last=India Office, Great Britain |date=1905 |title=The India List and India Office List 1905 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b2NPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA447  |publisher=Harrison and Sons |page=447}}</ref> becoming the 8th Indian member of the [[Indian Civil Service|ICS]].<ref name="womenofindia">{{cite book |last=Forbes |first=Geraldine Hancock |author-link=Geraldine Forbes |date=1996 |title=Women in Modern India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hjilIrVt9hUC&pg=PA28 |series=The New Cambridge History of India |volume=IV.2 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=28–29 |isbn=978-0-521-65377-0 |quote="As one of the first eight Indians appointed to the Indian Civil Service (ICS), ... He insisted on educating his daughters and one of them, Saroj Nalini Dutt, led the way in organizing rural women's organizations in the years immediately following World War I."}}</ref> Subsequently, he was called to the [[bar association|Bar]] by the [[Honourable Society of the Middle Temple]] on 7 June 1875.<ref>[http://hosted.law.wisc.edu/wordpress/sharafi/files/2010/07/Middle-2.0.pdf University of Wisconsin Law Library]{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He was admitted to [[St. Mary Hall, Oxford]], where he spent one year, from 1874-1875, on a [[Boden Sanskrit Scholarship]].<ref name="oxforduniversitycalender">Oxford University Calendar, 1875, p. 366</ref> He was the first Indian ICS officer to have studied in a college in Oxford.<ref>Renu Paul (in consultation with Mitra Sharafi), 'South Asians at the Inns of Court: Middle Temple, 1863-1944', compilation based on H. A. C. Sturgess, (eds.) Register of Admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple. From the Fifteenth Century to the Year 1944 (London: published for the Hon. Society of the Middle Temple by Butterworth & Co., 1949), volumes II (1782-1909) and III (1910-44), p. 2.</ref>
Later, he travelled to England for his higher studies, where he joined University College, London to appear in the Open Competitive Services examination. He joined the [[Indian Civil Service]] in 1873,<ref>{{cite book |last=India Office, Great Britain |date=1905 |title=The India List and India Office List 1905 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b2NPAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA447  |publisher=Harrison and Sons |page=447}}</ref> becoming the 8th Indian member of the [[Indian Civil Service|ICS]].<ref name="womenofindia">{{cite book |last=Forbes |first=Geraldine Hancock |author-link=Geraldine Forbes |date=1996 |title=Women in Modern India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hjilIrVt9hUC&pg=PA28 |series=The New Cambridge History of India |volume=IV.2 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=28–29 |isbn=978-0-521-65377-0 |quote="As one of the first eight Indians appointed to the Indian Civil Service (ICS), ... He insisted on educating his daughters and one of them, Saroj Nalini Dutt, led the way in organizing rural women's organizations in the years immediately following World War I."}}</ref> Subsequently, he was called to the [[bar association|Bar]] by the [[Honourable Society of the Middle Temple]] on 7 June 1875.<ref>[http://hosted.law.wisc.edu/wordpress/sharafi/files/2010/07/Middle-2.0.pdf University of Wisconsin Law Library]{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He was admitted to [[St. Mary Hall, Oxford]], where he spent one year, from 1874-1875, on a [[Boden Sanskrit Scholarship]], attending lectures of Professor [[Max Mueller]].<ref name="oxforduniversitycalender">Oxford University Calendar, 1875, p. 366</ref> He was the first Indian ICS officer to have studied in a college in Oxford.<ref>Renu Paul (in consultation with Mitra Sharafi), 'South Asians at the Inns of Court: Middle Temple, 1863-1944', compilation based on H. A. C. Sturgess, (eds.) Register of Admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple. From the Fifteenth Century to the Year 1944 (London: published for the Hon. Society of the Middle Temple by Butterworth & Co., 1949), volumes II (1782-1909) and III (1910-44), p. 2.</ref>


His fifth daughter was the social reformer, [[Saroj Nalini Dutt]],<ref name="womenofindia"/> and his sixth son-in-law was Lieutenant Colonel Jyotish Chandra De,<ref name="livesless forgotten">[http://rajsaday.com/?p=2089 Lives Less Forgotten: Lieutenant Colonel Jyotish Chandra De]</ref> who was a member of the [[Indian Medical Service]]. His third son, [[Draft: Basanta Kumar De|Basanta Kumar De]], was a senior officer of the [[Bengal Nagpur Railway|BNR]], whose son was the historian, [[Barun De]].
His fifth daughter was the social reformer, [[Saroj Nalini Dutt]],<ref name="womenofindia"/> and his sixth son-in-law was Lieutenant Colonel Jyotish Chandra De,<ref name="livesless forgotten">[http://rajsaday.com/?p=2089 Lives Less Forgotten: Lieutenant Colonel Jyotish Chandra De]</ref> who was a member of the [[Indian Medical Service]]. His third son, [[Draft: Basanta Kumar De|Basanta Kumar De]], was a senior officer of the [[Bengal Nagpur Railway|BNR]], whose son was the historian, [[Barun De]].

Revision as of 23:36, 30 December 2021

Brajendranath De
Born(1852-12-23)23 December 1852
Calcutta (now Kolkata), West Bengal, India
Died20 September 1932(1932-09-20) (aged 79)
Calcutta (now Kolkata), West Bengal, India
OccupationOrientalist
Spouse(s)Nagendranandini De (nee Bose)

Brajendranath De (ব্রজেন্দ্রনাথ দে) (23 December 1852 – 20 September 1932) was an early Indian member of the Indian Civil Service.[1]

Early life and education

De, a member of a Kayastha-Brahmo family of Calcutta, was born to Durgadas De, an early student of Hindu College, Calcutta (later renamed Presidency University). He studied at Hare School, Calcutta, and then Canning Collegiate School and Canning College, Lucknow.[2], where he was a pupil of Saiyid Husain Bilgrami.

Later, he travelled to England for his higher studies, where he joined University College, London to appear in the Open Competitive Services examination. He joined the Indian Civil Service in 1873,[3] becoming the 8th Indian member of the ICS.[4] Subsequently, he was called to the Bar by the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple on 7 June 1875.[5] He was admitted to St. Mary Hall, Oxford, where he spent one year, from 1874-1875, on a Boden Sanskrit Scholarship, attending lectures of Professor Max Mueller.[6] He was the first Indian ICS officer to have studied in a college in Oxford.[7]

His fifth daughter was the social reformer, Saroj Nalini Dutt,[4] and his sixth son-in-law was Lieutenant Colonel Jyotish Chandra De,[8] who was a member of the Indian Medical Service. His third son, Basanta Kumar De, was a senior officer of the BNR, whose son was the historian, Barun De.

Career

Administrative

He took up his first posting in the civil service as assistant magistrate and collector of Arrah, Behar in 1875. After serving in a number of districts in Behar, he was posted in Raniganj, Bengal in 1881.[9] He officiated as the district magistrate and collector of Bankura, Burdwan and Faridpore. He served as the full district magistrate and collector of Khulna, where he was befriended by Dr. Krishnadhan Ghosh, the civil surgeon of the district, and the father of Aurobindo Ghosh.[10][11] He became the magistrate and collector of Balasore in Orissa and then of Malda and Hooghly.[12] He was the first Indian to be elected as chairman of the Hooghly Municipal Corporation. He was an (acting) commissioner of the Burdwan Division.[13][14]

As the district officer of Hooghly, he started the Duke Club there which was meant to be exclusively for Indians.[15] One of his Commissioners once told him not to entertain the thought of wanting to join a British club in the district.[16]

After retirement he remained actively involved in the work of the Calcutta Improvement Trust.[17][18]

Academic

While still in service he translated Kalidas's 'Vikramarvasi' and 'Manichudabadana' from Sanskrit to English.[17] He edited an English-Bengali dictionary[14] and published an article on inter dining in the Madras Social Reformer (1910).

In his post-retirement years he served as a vice-president of the council of the Asiatic Society, Calcutta.[19][20]

He was the translator and editor, in two volumes, Nizamuddin Ahmad's Tabaqat-i-Akbari. The third volume, which he had left fully prepared, was published posthumously by Baini Prasad and also M. Hidayat Hosain.[21][22][2]

Legacy

A road in Chinsura, Hooghly is named after him.[23]

During the centenary celebration of his birth anniversary in 1952, his son, Basanta Kumar De, took the initiative to publish in three articles sections of his reminiscences in the Calcutta Review. This work was entrusted to Tapan Raychaudhuri, then of the Department of Islamic History and Culture of the University of Calcutta.[24]

In 2001, approximately 2,000 photographs of himself and his family members were given, in loan, by his grandson, Barun De,[25] to the photographic archives of the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta. Later, when the archive was shifted to the newly established Jadunath Bhavan Museum and Resource Centre, CSSSC, Calcutta, the photographs too were deposited there.[26]

Publications

A member of a Kayastha family of Bengal, he was a scholar of Persian and Sanskrit. He edited and translated a few works from those languages into English. They were as follows:

  • (ed. & tran.), Kālidāsa's play Vikramorvasi, 'Vikramorvaçi', Canto I., in Calcutta Review, Oct. 1884, pp. 440–2.[27]
  • (ed. & tran.), The Tabaqat-i-Akbari of Khwaja Nizamuddin Ahmad: A History of India from the Early Musalman Invasions to the Thirty-eighth year of the Reign of Akbar (in 3 Vols.), (Calcutta, reprint, 1973)[28]
  • "Reminiscences of an Indian Member of the Indian Civil Service", in Calcutta Review, (1953–5).[29]

References

  1. ↑ Indiasaga Who's Who
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Full Text of 'Tabaqat-i-Akbari'
  3. ↑ India Office, Great Britain (1905). The India List and India Office List 1905. Harrison and Sons. p. 447.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Forbes, Geraldine Hancock (1996). Women in Modern India. The New Cambridge History of India. Vol. IV.2. Cambridge University Press. pp. 28–29. ISBN 978-0-521-65377-0. As one of the first eight Indians appointed to the Indian Civil Service (ICS), ... He insisted on educating his daughters and one of them, Saroj Nalini Dutt, led the way in organizing rural women's organizations in the years immediately following World War I.
  5. ↑ University of Wisconsin Law Library[permanent dead link]
  6. ↑ Oxford University Calendar, 1875, p. 366
  7. ↑ Renu Paul (in consultation with Mitra Sharafi), 'South Asians at the Inns of Court: Middle Temple, 1863-1944', compilation based on H. A. C. Sturgess, (eds.) Register of Admissions to the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple. From the Fifteenth Century to the Year 1944 (London: published for the Hon. Society of the Middle Temple by Butterworth & Co., 1949), volumes II (1782-1909) and III (1910-44), p. 2.
  8. ↑ Lives Less Forgotten: Lieutenant Colonel Jyotish Chandra De
  9. ↑ Military and ICS Manual
  10. ↑ Heehs, Peter (2008). The Lives of Sri Aurobindo. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-231-14098-0.
  11. ↑ "Govt. Notifications: Orders by the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal". The Liberal and the New Dispensation. Calcutta: R.S. Bhattacharji. XII (30): 9. 6 August 1893.
  12. ↑ "Mr. B. De", in Bengalee, 7 September 1910; see also Indian Daily News, 3 September 1910
  13. ↑ Gupta, Tapati Dutta (1993). Social Thought of Rabindranath Tagore: A Historical Analysis. Abhinav Publications. p. 122. ISBN 9788170173021.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Late Mr. B. De.: Passing Away of an Old Civilian" in Liberty, Friday, 30 September 1932
  15. ↑ Sinha, Mrinalini (October 2001). "Britishness, Clubbability, and the Colonial Public Sphere: The Genealogy of an Imperial Institution in Colonial India". The Journal of British Studies. 4 (44): 489–521. doi:10.1086/386265. JSTOR 3070745. S2CID 143900100.
  16. ↑ Ballantyne, Tony; Burton, Antoinette M. (2005). Bodies in Contact. Duke University Press. p. 193. ISBN 0-8223-3467-4.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 'Late Mr. B.De: Passing Away of An Old Civilian' in Liberty, Friday, 30 September 1932
  18. ↑ "Late Mr. B. De, Calcutta Corporation Tributes", in Liberty, Saturday, 1 October 1932
  19. ↑ "Birth Centenary of B.De Celebrated" in The Statesman, Wednesday, 24 December 1952
  20. ↑ "He Rehabilitated Persian in Bengal: Tributes to Late B.De: Birthday Celebration" in Amrita Bazar Patrika, Wednesday, 24 December 1952
  21. ↑ "Mr.B.De Dead Retired Member of the Civil Service" in The Statesman, 30 September 1932
  22. ↑ Sudha Sharma, Status of Muslim Women in Medieval India, Allahabad
  23. ↑ Map of Chinsura, Hooghly, Bengal
  24. ↑ Mrinalini Sinha, "Reconfiguring Hiararchies: The Ilbert Bill Controversy, 1883-84", in Reina Lewis and Sarah Mills, Feminist Post-Colonialist Theory: A Reader, New York and London, Routledge, 2003, p. 456
  25. ↑ "Situating an Eminent Historian Eminently" - Sabyasachi Bhattacharya Retrieved 2015-03-21.
  26. ↑ Jadunath Bhavan Museum and Resource Centre, (Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta, 2009), p. 7
  27. ↑ Schuyler, Jr., Montgomery (1902). "Bibliography of Kālidāsa's Mālavikāgnimitra and Vikramorvaçī". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 23: 93–101. doi:10.2307/592384. JSTOR 592384.
  28. ↑ Tabaqat-i-Akbari by Khwaja Nizamuddin Ahmed
  29. ↑ Reminiscences of an Indian Member of the Indian Civil Service' in the Calcutta Review

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brajendranath_De&oldid=251049"