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{{Short description|Indian class | {{Short description|Indian class of nuclear-attack submarines under development}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}} | {{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}} | ||
{{For|conventional submarine programme|Project 75I-class submarine}} | {{For|the conventional-attack submarine programme|Project 75I-class submarine}} | ||
{|{{Infobox ship begin | {|{{Infobox ship begin}} | ||
}} | |||
{{Infobox ship image | {{Infobox ship image | ||
| image = | | image = | ||
| Line 39: | Line 38: | ||
| Ship deck clearance = | | Ship deck clearance = | ||
| Ship power = | | Ship power = | ||
| Ship propulsion = | | Ship propulsion = 1 x CLWR-B2 Compact Light-water reactor | ||
190 MW (250,000 hp) | |||
| Ship speed = | | Ship speed = | ||
| Ship range = Unlimited except by food supplies | | Ship range = Unlimited except by food supplies | ||
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|} | |} | ||
The Indian Navy aims to procure new [[Nuclear submarine|nuclear-powered]] [[attack submarines]] (SSN) under '''Project 75 Alpha'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bhattacharjee|first=Sumit|date=2020-12-04|title=INS Vikrant may be inducted by 2022-23, says ENC Chief|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ins-vikrant-may-be-inducted-by-2022-23-says-enc-chief/article33243875.ece|access-date=2020-12-04|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The [[Government of India]] approved the construction of six of such submarines in February 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-02-18/news/59268906_1_submarines-frigates-indian-ocean-region |title=Government clears construction of 7 stealth frigates, 6 nuclear-powered attack submarines |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |date=18 February 2015 |access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref> These will be designed by the Navy's in-house Directorate of Naval Design and | The Indian Navy aims to procure new [[Nuclear submarine|nuclear-powered]] [[attack submarines]] (SSN) under '''Project 75 Alpha'''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bhattacharjee|first=Sumit|date=2020-12-04|title=INS Vikrant may be inducted by 2022-23, says ENC Chief|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ins-vikrant-may-be-inducted-by-2022-23-says-enc-chief/article33243875.ece|access-date=2020-12-04|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The [[Government of India]] approved the construction of six of such submarines in February 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-02-18/news/59268906_1_submarines-frigates-indian-ocean-region |title=Government clears construction of 7 stealth frigates, 6 nuclear-powered attack submarines |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |date=18 February 2015 |access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref> These will be designed by the Navy's in-house Directorate of Naval Design and built in India at the Shipbuilding Centre at [[Visakhapatnam]]. The construction is expected to commence on 2023-24 while the first submarine is expected to enter service in 2032. | ||
Since India is a traditional user of Russian nuclear submarines (with [[INS Chakra (2011)|INS ''Chakra'']] on lease) the new domestically built submarines would be third class of SSN operated by Indian navy after leased [[Charlie-class submarine|''Charlie I'']] and [[Akula-class submarine|''Akula II'']]-class submarines.<ref name=natinterest>{{cite magazine|url=http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/watch-out-china-india-building-6-nuclear-attack-submarines-12276|title=Watch Out, China: India Is Building 6 Nuclear Attack Submarines|magazine=[[The National Interest]]|date=18 February 2015|access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India finalizing plans to order three more Scorpene submarines |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-finalizing-plans-to-order-three-more-Scorpene-submarines/articleshow/50035641.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=2015-12-04}}</ref> | Since India is a traditional user of Russian nuclear submarines (with [[INS Chakra (2011)|INS ''Chakra'']] on lease) the new domestically built submarines would be third class of SSN operated by Indian navy after leased [[Charlie-class submarine|''Charlie I'']] and [[Akula-class submarine|''Akula II'']]-class submarines.<ref name=natinterest>{{cite magazine|url=http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/watch-out-china-india-building-6-nuclear-attack-submarines-12276|title=Watch Out, China: India Is Building 6 Nuclear Attack Submarines|magazine=[[The National Interest]]|date=18 February 2015|access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India finalizing plans to order three more Scorpene submarines |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-finalizing-plans-to-order-three-more-Scorpene-submarines/articleshow/50035641.cms |website=The Times of India |access-date=2015-12-04}}</ref> | ||
==Development== | ==Development== | ||
The program to construct and deploy a fleet of nuclear submarines was envisaged in late 1990s | The program to construct and deploy a fleet of nuclear submarines was first envisaged in late 1990s. Patrolling by [[People's Liberation Army Navy]] ships further fast-tracked [[Future of the Indian Navy|India's naval expansion programs]]. As per the initial plan, first 4 [[Arihant-class submarine|Arihant class submarines]] and later much larger [[S5-class submarine|S5]] class nuclear [[ballistic missile submarine]]s, and 6 nuclear [[attack submarine]]s were planned.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/the-big-story/story/20171218-india-ballistic-missile-submarine-k-6-submarine-launched-drdo-1102085-2017-12-10|title=A peek into India's top secret and costliest defence project, nuclear submarines|last1=Unnithan|first1=Sandeep|date=10 December 2017|work=India Today|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420153439/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/the-big-story/story/20171218-india-ballistic-missile-submarine-k-6-submarine-launched-drdo-1102085-2017-12-10|archive-date=20 April 2019|language=en}}</ref> | ||
The submarines will be powered by a miniature [[Pressurized water reactor|pressurised water reactor]] (PWR) being developed by the [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] which has already supplied a similar 83 MW miniature reactor for the [[Arihant-class submarine]] SSBNs.<ref name=natinterest/> | The submarines will be powered by a miniature [[Pressurized water reactor|pressurised water reactor]] (PWR) being developed by the [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]] which has already supplied a similar 83 MW miniature reactor for the [[Arihant-class submarine]] SSBNs.<ref name=natinterest/> | ||
On 24 June 2019, it was reported that {{INRConvert|100|c}} have been allocated for the initial phase of the project. The submarines will be designed by Directorate of Naval Design and the development is expected to continue till 2025. [[Mishra Dhatu Nigam]] is developing a new hull material that is expected to allow the submarine to dive to deeper depths than {{sclass | On 24 June 2019, it was reported that {{INRConvert|100|c}} have been allocated for the initial phase of the project. The submarines will be designed by Directorate of Naval Design and the development is expected to continue till 2025. [[Mishra Dhatu Nigam]] is developing a new hull material that is expected to allow the submarine to dive to deeper depths than {{sclass|Arihant|submarine|4}}. A scaled down model of the submarine is planned to be tested first. The total cost of the project is estimated to be around {{INRConvert|1|lc|lk=on|year=2020}}.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/work-begins-on-indias-next-gen-nuclear-powered-submarines/articleshow/69921014.cms|title=Work begins on India’s next gen nuclear-powered submarines|last=Pubby|first=Manu|date=2019-06-24|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-07-02|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624164324/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/work-begins-on-indias-next-gen-nuclear-powered-submarines/articleshow/69921014.cms|archive-date=24 June 2019}}</ref> | ||
In February 2020, ''[[The Economic Times]]'' reported that the preliminary design phase of the programme has been successfully completed. The report stated that Submarine Design Group of the Directorate of Naval Design, assisted by the [[DRDO]], will now start working on the detailed design and construction phase of the programme.<ref name="ETfeb2020">{{Cite news|last=Pubby|first=Manu|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indias-rs-1-2-l-cr-n-submarine-project-closer-to-realisation/articleshow/74234776.cms|title=India’s Rs 1.2 lakh crore nuclear submarine project closer to realisation|date=2020-02-21|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2020-02-23}}</ref> | In February 2020, ''[[The Economic Times]]'' reported that the preliminary design phase of the programme has been successfully completed. The report stated that Submarine Design Group of the Directorate of Naval Design, assisted by the [[DRDO]], will now start working on the detailed design and construction phase of the programme.<ref name="ETfeb2020">{{Cite news|last=Pubby|first=Manu|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/indias-rs-1-2-l-cr-n-submarine-project-closer-to-realisation/articleshow/74234776.cms|title=India’s Rs 1.2 lakh crore nuclear submarine project closer to realisation|date=2020-02-21|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2020-02-23}}</ref> | ||
The [[Indian Navy]] has | The [[Indian Navy]] has prioritized the construction of Project 75 Alpha submarines over the third aircraft carrier.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gupta|first=Shishir|date=2021-03-24|title=For Navy, 6 nuclear-powered submarines take priority over 3rd aircraft carrier|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/for-navy-6-nuclear-powered-submarines-take-priority-over-3rd-aircraft-carrier-101616564522467.html|newspaper=The Hindustan Times|access-date=2021-04-02}}</ref> | ||
Initially three submarines are planned to undergo construction in 2023-24 while | Initially three submarines are planned to undergo construction in 2023-24 while the remaining three will get clearance later. The first boat is expected to enter service in 2032.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Pandit|first=Rajat|date=2021-03-31|title=Project to build N-powered attack subs set to get CCS nod|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/india/project-to-build-n-powered-attack-subs-set-to-get-ccs-nod/articleshow/81770216.cms|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2021-04-02}}</ref> The ship class will have a final design clearance in Gurugram by Submarine Design Group, its nuclear reactor will be built in [[Kalpakkam]], hull fabrication will take place in [[Hazira]] and finally assembly and sea trials will be undertaken at the ship-building centre (SBC) in [[Visakhapatnam]].<ref name="Sharks">{{Cite news|last=Unnithan|first=Sandeep|date=2021-04-17|title=India's nuclear sharks|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/defence/story/20210426-india-s-nuclear-sharks-1791817-2021-04-17|newspaper=India Today|location=New Delhi|access-date=2021-05-21}}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{ | {{Submarines of the Indian Navy}} | ||
{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}} | {{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}} | ||
{{Current SSN}} | {{Current SSN}} | ||
[[Category:Nuclear-powered submarines]] | |||
[[Category:Submarine classes]] | [[Category:Submarine classes]] | ||
[[Category:2020s ships]] | [[Category:2020s ships]] | ||
[[Category:Attack submarines]] | |||
[[Category:Submarines of the Indian Navy]] | |||