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[[File:Kottayam manimala alapra tacharikkal padayani.png|thumb|'''Alapra Thacharickal Padayani 64 Pala Bhirairavikolam''']] | [[File:Kottayam manimala alapra tacharikkal padayani.png|thumb|'''Alapra Thacharickal Padayani 64 Pala Bhirairavikolam''']] | ||
[[File:Bhairavi 16 Areca palm leaf performing.jpg|thumb|A masked Padayani dancer at the [[Kottangal]] [[Devi]] Temple]] | [[File:Bhairavi 16 Areca palm leaf performing.jpg|thumb|A masked Padayani dancer at the [[Kottangal]] [[Devi]] Temple]] | ||
'''Padayani''', also known '''Padeni''' (from the [[Malayalam]] word for military formations), is a traditional [[folk dance]] and a ritual art<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.padayani.com/frame/padayani.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109004112/http://www.padayani.com/frame/padayani.htm |archive-date=9 November 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> from the central portion of the Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Kerala]]. A [[ceremonial]] dance involving masks, it is an ancient ritual performed in [[Bhagavati]] temples.<ref name="Vēṇu1990">{{cite book|last=Vēṇu|first=Ji|title=Puppetry and Lesser Known Dance Traditions of Kerala|year=1990|publisher=Natana Kairali, Research and Performing Centre for Traditional Arts|page=55}}</ref> The dance is performed in honor of [[Bhadrakaali]].<ref name=Comingup>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/kerala/article21200.ece | title = Padayani Village coming up in Kadammanitta | first = Radhakrishnan | last = Kuttoor | date = 16 September 2009 | work = The Hindu | access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref> Meaning, a 'row of warriors', Padayani is an art form that blends music, dance, theatre, satire, facial masks, and paintings. It is part of worship of Bhadrakali and is staged in temples dedicated to the goddess from mid-December to mid-May. | '''Padayani''', also known '''Padeni''' (from the [[Malayalam]] word for military formations), is a traditional [[folk dance]] and a ritual art<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.padayani.com/frame/padayani.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109004112/http://www.padayani.com/frame/padayani.htm |archive-date=9 November 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> from the central portion of the Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Kerala]]. A [[ceremonial]] dance involving masks, it is an ancient ritual performed in [[Bhagavati]] temples.<ref name="Vēṇu1990">{{cite book|last=Vēṇu|first=Ji|title=Puppetry and Lesser Known Dance Traditions of Kerala|year=1990|publisher=Natana Kairali, Research and Performing Centre for Traditional Arts|page=55}}</ref> The dance is performed in honor of [[Bhadrakaali]].<ref name=Comingup>{{cite news | url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/kerala/article21200.ece | title = Padayani Village coming up in Kadammanitta | first = Radhakrishnan | last = Kuttoor | date = 16 September 2009 | work = The Hindu | access-date = 20 February 2011}}</ref> Meaning, a 'row of warriors', Padayani is an art form that blends all music, dance, theatre, satire, facial masks, and paintings. It is part of worship of Bhadrakali and is staged in temples dedicated to the goddess from mid-December to mid-May. | ||
Padayani is unique to [[central Travancore]], comprising the [[Pathanamthitta district|Pathanamthitta]] and [[Kottayam district|kottayam]] districts of Kerala. Padayani is regarded as a remnant of the Dravidian forms of worship that existed before the advent of [[Brahmanism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/archive/|title=Archive News|website=The Hindu|access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref> | Padayani is unique to [[central Travancore]], comprising the [[Pathanamthitta district|Pathanamthitta]] and [[Kottayam district|kottayam]] districts of Kerala. Padayani is regarded as a remnant of the Dravidian forms of worship that existed before the advent of [[Brahmanism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/archive/|title=Archive News|website=The Hindu|access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref> | ||
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==Kadalimangalam Padayani== | ==Kadalimangalam Padayani== | ||
Padayani is conducted in the Kadalimangalam Devi Temple, in Kuttoor village in Thiruvalla every year during the months of March and April. The ten-day-long festival is conducted by the people of two local karas, namely Eruvellipara and Venpala. The rare and great Padayani Kolam, namely 'KALAYAKSHI', is performed here. It is the right of two families, namely Mukkanjirathu and Pullenplavil of the two karas, to perform this 'KALAYAKSHI KOLAM'. | Padayani is conducted in the Kadalimangalam Devi Temple, in Kuttoor village in Thiruvalla every year during the months of March and April. The ten-day-long festival is conducted by the people of two local karas, namely Eruvellipara and Venpala. The rare and great Padayani Kolam, namely 'KALAYAKSHI', is performed here. It is the right of two families, namely Mukkanjirathu and Pullenplavil of the two karas, to perform this 'KALAYAKSHI KOLAM'. | ||
==Kunnamthanam padayani== | ==Kunnamthanam padayani== | ||