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Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Sultan of Delhi (r. 1246–1266)}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}} | {{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}} | ||
{{Infobox monarch | {{Infobox monarch | ||
|name = Nasir-ud-din Mahmud | |name = Nasir-ud-din Mahmud | ||
| | |succession = [[Sultan]] of [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi]] | ||
|reign = 10 June 1246 – 18 February 1266 | |reign = 10 June 1246 – 18 February 1266 | ||
|coronation = 10 June 1246 in [[Delhi]] | |coronation = 10 June 1246 in [[Delhi]] | ||
| Line 9: | Line 10: | ||
|successor = [[Ghiyasuddin Balban]] | |successor = [[Ghiyasuddin Balban]] | ||
|spouse = | |spouse = | ||
|issue = | |issue = | ||
|royal house = [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)]] | |royal house = [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)]] | ||
|father = | |father = Nasiruddin Mahmud (son of Iltutmish) | ||
|mother = | |mother = Fatima Begum<ref>{{cite book|last1=Mehta|first1=Jaswant Lal|title=Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India|date=1980|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|isbn=9788120706170|page=105, n. 29|language=en}}</ref> | ||
|birth_date = 1229 or 1230 | |birth_date = 1229 or 1230 | ||
|birth_place =Delhi | |birth_place =Delhi | ||
|death_date = 18 February 1266 | |death_date = 18 February 1266 | ||
|death_place = | |death_place =Delhi | ||
|place of burial = | |place of burial = | ||
|image=Coin of Naziruddin Mahmud.jpg | |image=Coin of Naziruddin Mahmud.jpg | ||
|caption=Coin of Nasir ud Din Mahmud | |caption=Coin of Nasir ud Din Mahmud | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Nasir ud din Mahmud Shah'''<ref>{{Cite book|last=Minhaj-i-Siraj Jurjani|first=Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman|title=The Tabakat-i-Nasiri. Translated by Major H.G. Raverty.|publisher=Asiatic Society|year=1873|isbn=|location=London|pages=669–670}}</ref> (reigned: 1246–1265)<ref name="youngest son">{{Cite book |last=Hanifi |first=Manzoor Ahmad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iGduAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Nasiruddin+%2C+the+youngest+son+of+Iltutmish%22 |title=A Short History of Muslim Rule in Indo-Pakistan |publisher=Ideal Library |year=1964 |page=43}}</ref> was the eighth sultan of the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi)|Mamluk Sultanate]] (Slave dynasty). He was | '''Nasir ud din Mahmud Shah'''<ref>{{Cite book|last=Minhaj-i-Siraj Jurjani|first=Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman|title=The Tabakat-i-Nasiri. Translated by Major H.G. Raverty.|publisher=Asiatic Society|year=1873|isbn=|location=London|pages=669–670}}</ref> (reigned: 1246–1265)<ref name="youngest son">{{Cite book |last=Hanifi |first=Manzoor Ahmad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iGduAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Nasiruddin+%2C+the+youngest+son+of+Iltutmish%22 |title=A Short History of Muslim Rule in Indo-Pakistan |publisher=Ideal Library |year=1964 |page=43}}</ref> was the eighth sultan of the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi)|Mamluk Sultanate]] (Slave dynasty). He was son of Nasiruddin Mahmud and grandson of Sultan Shams ud-Din Iltutmish, (r. 1211–1236) | ||
. The [[Tabaqat-i Nasiri]], written by the court historian [[Minhaj-i-Siraj]], is dedicated to Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud. It is the only available contemporary source of history of his reign and thus undoubtedly the most reliable source.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Minhaj-i-Siraj Jurjani|first=Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman|title=The Tabakat-i-Nasiri. Translated by Major H. G. Raverty|publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal|year=1873|isbn=|location=London|pages=669–670}}</ref> He ascended to the throne of Delhi Sultanate in 1246 at the tender age of 17 or 18 after the disposition of Masud Shah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aq9GAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Unlike+his+immediate+predecessors,+he+was+able+to+reign+for+a+long+period+and+died+a+natural%22|title = History of India|last1 = Sinha|first1 = Narendra Krishna|last2 = Banerjee|first2 = Anil Chandra|year = 1963}}</ref> He succeeded [[Ala ud din Masud]] after the chiefs replaced Masud when they felt that he began to behave as a [[tyrant]]. | |||
As a ruler, Mahmud was known to be very religious, spending most of his time in prayer and copying the [[Quran]]. However, it was actually his father-in-law and Deputy Sultan or Naib, [[Ghiyas ud din Balban]], who primarily dealt with the state affairs.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=74–76}}</ref> | As a ruler, Mahmud was known to be very religious, spending most of his time in prayer and copying the [[Quran]]. However, it was actually his father-in-law and Deputy Sultan or Naib, [[Ghiyas ud din Balban]], who primarily dealt with the state affairs.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=74–76}}</ref> | ||
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== Early life == | == Early life == | ||
Nasiruddin Mahmud was a son of | Nasiruddin Mahmud was a son of Nasiruddin Mahmud (Son of Iltutmish). But Iltutmish's youngest son was Qutubuddin, who was blinded and killed by [[Shah Turkan]]. Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah's mother was Fatima Begum . He was born in the year of 626 Hijri (1229 A.D.), in Delhi's Kasr-Bagh (the Garden Castle), few times after the untimely death of Iltutmish's eldest son Nasiruddin Mahmud.|His father,Nasiruddin Mahmud who governed Bengal and Oudh under Iltutmish's sovereignty. Iltutmish, being greatly aggrieved by the sudden loss of his favourite son, bestowed upon the newborn ,named his grandson with the title of deceased price Nasiruddin Mahmud. Infant Mahmud, along with his mother, was sent to the castle of nearby town Luni. He was brought up and received his education there. On May 10,1242, Sultan Muiz ud din Bahram was dethroned and Amirs and Maliks took the possession of Delhi from him. Mahmud along with his brother Jalal-ud-Din Masud Shah and cousin Ala ud din Masud was brought to Firuzi castle, the royal residence from the confinement of the white castle by the amirs and Ala ud din Masud was chosen as the Sultan. Both the brothers remained in confinement until September 1243, when Masud ordered them to be released and conferred upon Mahmud the city of Bharaij and its dependencies. Mahmud left Delhi and went to his fief with his mother. He undertook expeditions against the rebels in that territory and the adjacent mountains.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Minhaj-i-Siraj Jurjani|first=Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman|title=The Tabakat-i-Nasiri. Translated by Major H.G. Raverty|publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal|year=1873|isbn=|location=London|pages=633–676}}</ref> | ||
==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
Revision as of 13:19, 29 August 2021
| Nasir-ud-din Mahmud | |
|---|---|
 Coin of Nasir ud Din Mahmud | |
| Sultan of Delhi | |
| Reign | 10 June 1246 – 18 February 1266 |
| Coronation | 10 June 1246 in Delhi |
| Predecessor | Ala ud din Masud |
| Successor | Ghiyasuddin Balban |
| Born | 1229 or 1230 Delhi |
| Died | 18 February 1266 Delhi |
| House | Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi) |
| Father | Nasiruddin Mahmud (son of Iltutmish) |
| Mother | Fatima Begum[1] |
Nasir ud din Mahmud Shah[2] (reigned: 1246–1265)[3] was the eighth sultan of the Mamluk Sultanate (Slave dynasty). He was son of Nasiruddin Mahmud and grandson of Sultan Shams ud-Din Iltutmish, (r. 1211–1236) . The Tabaqat-i Nasiri, written by the court historian Minhaj-i-Siraj, is dedicated to Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud. It is the only available contemporary source of history of his reign and thus undoubtedly the most reliable source.[4] He ascended to the throne of Delhi Sultanate in 1246 at the tender age of 17 or 18 after the disposition of Masud Shah.[5] He succeeded Ala ud din Masud after the chiefs replaced Masud when they felt that he began to behave as a tyrant.
As a ruler, Mahmud was known to be very religious, spending most of his time in prayer and copying the Quran. However, it was actually his father-in-law and Deputy Sultan or Naib, Ghiyas ud din Balban, who primarily dealt with the state affairs.[6]
After Mahmud's death in 1266, Balban (1266–87) rose to power as Mahmud had no children to be his heir.
Early life
Nasiruddin Mahmud was a son of Nasiruddin Mahmud (Son of Iltutmish). But Iltutmish's youngest son was Qutubuddin, who was blinded and killed by Shah Turkan. Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah's mother was Fatima Begum . He was born in the year of 626 Hijri (1229 A.D.), in Delhi's Kasr-Bagh (the Garden Castle), few times after the untimely death of Iltutmish's eldest son Nasiruddin Mahmud.|His father,Nasiruddin Mahmud who governed Bengal and Oudh under Iltutmish's sovereignty. Iltutmish, being greatly aggrieved by the sudden loss of his favourite son, bestowed upon the newborn ,named his grandson with the title of deceased price Nasiruddin Mahmud. Infant Mahmud, along with his mother, was sent to the castle of nearby town Luni. He was brought up and received his education there. On May 10,1242, Sultan Muiz ud din Bahram was dethroned and Amirs and Maliks took the possession of Delhi from him. Mahmud along with his brother Jalal-ud-Din Masud Shah and cousin Ala ud din Masud was brought to Firuzi castle, the royal residence from the confinement of the white castle by the amirs and Ala ud din Masud was chosen as the Sultan. Both the brothers remained in confinement until September 1243, when Masud ordered them to be released and conferred upon Mahmud the city of Bharaij and its dependencies. Mahmud left Delhi and went to his fief with his mother. He undertook expeditions against the rebels in that territory and the adjacent mountains.[7]
Personal life
Unlike many of his predecessors and successors, Mahmud strictly followed monogamy. He spent most of his time writing down verses of the Quran. He sold the handwritten copies and used the money for his personal expenses. Surprising enough, he had no servants to carry out his personal tasks. His wife had to cook the food for the family.[8][unreliable source?]
See also
References
- ↑ Mehta, Jaswant Lal (1980). Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 105, n. 29. ISBN 9788120706170.
- ↑ Minhaj-i-Siraj Jurjani, Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman (1873). The Tabakat-i-Nasiri. Translated by Major H.G. Raverty. London: Asiatic Society. pp. 669–670.
- ↑ Hanifi, Manzoor Ahmad (1964). A Short History of Muslim Rule in Indo-Pakistan. Ideal Library. p. 43.
- ↑ Minhaj-i-Siraj Jurjani, Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman (1873). The Tabakat-i-Nasiri. Translated by Major H. G. Raverty. London: Asiatic Society of Bengal. pp. 669–670.
- ↑ Sinha, Narendra Krishna; Banerjee, Anil Chandra (1963). "History of India".
- ↑ Sen, Sailendra (2013). A Textbook of Medieval Indian History. Primus Books. pp. 74–76. ISBN 978-9-38060-734-4.
- ↑ Minhaj-i-Siraj Jurjani, Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman (1873). The Tabakat-i-Nasiri. Translated by Major H.G. Raverty. London: Asiatic Society of Bengal. pp. 633–676.
- ↑ Vandhargal Vendrargal. Chennai: Vikatan Prasuram. 2012. p. 27. ISBN 978-81-89780-59-3.
External links
| Preceded by Ala ud din Masud |
Mamluk Dynasty 1206–1290 |
Succeeded by Ghiyas ud din Balban |
| Preceded by Ala ud din Masud |
Sultan of Delhi 1246–1266 |
Succeeded by Ghiyas ud din Balban |
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