Kodava language: Difference between revisions

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== Grammar ==
== Grammar ==
The grammar of Kodagu has been systematically studied and documented since at least around 1867 when Captain R.A. Cole published the seminal work ''An Elementary Grammar of the Coorg Language''.<ref>https://archive.org/details/CoorgGrammar</ref>
The grammar of Kodagu has been systematically studied and documented since at least around 1867 when Captain R.A. Cole published the seminal work ''An Elementary Grammar of the Coorg Language''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/CoorgGrammar|title=Coorg Grammar|date=11 August 1867|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==


=== Vowels ===
=== Vowels ===
Dravidian vowel systems contain five vowel qualities i.e. those usually corresponding to ''a, e, i, o'' and ''u.,'' with a short and long variants for each. However, Kodava has two more: the mid and high (close) back unrounded vowels, with corresponding long variants.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Emeneau|first=M. B.|date=1970|title=Koḍagu Vowels|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=90|issue=1|pages=145–158|doi=10.2307/598436|jstor=598436|issn=0003-0279}}</ref>
Dravidian vowel systems contain five vowel qualities i.e. those usually corresponding to ''a, e, i, o'' and ''u.,'' with a short and long variants for each. However, Kodava has two more: the mid and high (close) back unrounded vowels, with corresponding long variants.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Emeneau|first=M. B.|year=1970|title=Koḍagu Vowels|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=90|issue=1|pages=145–158|doi=10.2307/598436|jstor=598436|issn=0003-0279}}</ref>


Kodagu has 14 vowels. 7 of these, i, e, ɛ, a, ɑ, o, u, have long equivalents.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://phoible.org/inventories/view/1743#tipa|title=PHOIBLE Online -|website=phoible.org|access-date=2019-01-26}}</ref>
Kodagu has 14 vowels. 7 of these, i, e, ɛ, a, ɑ, o, u, have long equivalents.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://phoible.org/inventories/view/1743#tipa|title=PHOIBLE Online -|website=phoible.org|access-date=2019-01-26}}</ref>
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Kodava and Kannada share a lack of palatalization of word-initial ''*k-'', which is a feature found in the Tamil-Malayalam branch.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Emeneau|first=M. B.|date=1967|title=The South Dravidian Languages|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=87|issue=4|pages=365–413|doi=10.2307/597585|jstor=597585|issn=0003-0279}}</ref>
Kodava and Kannada share a lack of palatalization of word-initial ''*k-'', which is a feature found in the Tamil-Malayalam branch.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Emeneau|first=M. B.|year=1967|title=The South Dravidian Languages|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=87|issue=4|pages=365–413|doi=10.2307/597585|jstor=597585|issn=0003-0279}}</ref>


==Comparisons==
==Comparisons==


Linguistically, Kodava/Kodagu language belongs to the South Dravidian subfamily of the Dravidian family. Further within the South Dravidian subfamily , it belongs to the subgroup Tamil-Malayalam-Kodagu-Kota-Toda.<ref>Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju. ''Dravidian Languages,'' p21, Cambridge Language Surveys, Cambridge University Press, 2003</ref> It is closely related to and influenced by [[Kannada language|Kannada]], [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Tulu language|Tulu]]. A majority of the words are common between Kodava and [[Beary bashe]], a dialect which is a mixture of [[Tulu language|Tulu]] and [[Malayalam]] spoken by the [[Beary]] muslims and Kodava Thiyyar communities.
Linguistically, Kodava/Kodagu language belongs to the South Dravidian subfamily of the Dravidian family. Further within the South Dravidian subfamily , it belongs to the subgroup Tamil-Malayalam-Kodagu-Kota-Toda.<ref>Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju. ''Dravidian Languages'', p21, Cambridge Language Surveys, Cambridge University Press, 2003</ref> It is closely related to and influenced by [[Kannada language|Kannada]], [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Tulu language|Tulu]]. A majority of the words are common between Kodava and [[Beary bashe]], a dialect which is a mixture of [[Tulu language|Tulu]] and [[Malayalam]] spoken by the [[Beary]] muslims and Kodava Thiyyar communities.


==Literature==
==Literature==
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| Hudugi
| Hudugi
|  
|  
|  
| Ponnu
| Girl
| Girl
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|Maavu
|Maavu
|Māngāi / māngani
|Māngāi / māngani
|Mudi
|Mudi/Kukku
|Mango  
|Mango  
|-
|-