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{{about|the historical kingdom}} | {{Short description|Ancient Kingdom of India}}{{about|the historical kingdom}} | ||
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2013}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}} | {{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}} | ||
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'''Anga''' was an ancient Indian kingdom that flourished on the eastern [[Indian subcontinent]] and one of the sixteen [[mahajanapadas]] ("large state").{{sfn|Jha|1999|p=78}} It lay to the east of its neighbour and rival, [[Magadha]], and was separated from it by the river Champa in the modern day [[Bhagalpur]] and [[ Munger]] in the state of [[Bihar]]. The capital of Anga was located on the bank of this river and was also named [[Champapuri|Champa and Malini]]. It was prominent for its wealth and commerce.{{sfn|Jha|1999|p=79}} Anga was annexed by Magadha in the 6th century BCE.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} | '''Anga''' was an ancient Indian kingdom that flourished on the eastern [[Indian subcontinent]] and one of the sixteen [[mahajanapadas]] ("large state").{{sfn|Jha|1999|p=78}} It lay to the east of its neighbour and rival, [[Magadha]], and was separated from it by the river Champa in the modern day [[Bhagalpur]] and [[ Munger]] in the state of [[Bihar]]. The capital of Anga was located on the bank of this river and was also named [[Champapuri|Champa and Malini]]. It was prominent for its wealth and commerce.{{sfn|Jha|1999|p=79}} Anga was annexed by Magadha in the 6th century BCE.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} | ||
Counted among the "sixteen great nations" in [[Buddhist texts]] like the [[Anguttara Nikaya]], Anga also finds mention in the Jain [[Vyakhyaprajnapti]]’s list of ancient [[janapadas]] | Counted among the "sixteen great nations" in [[Buddhist texts]] like the [[Anguttara Nikaya]], Anga also finds mention in the Jain [[Vyakhyaprajnapti]]’s list of ancient [[janapadas]]. | ||
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
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The Puranas also list several early kings of Anga. The ''Mahagovinda Suttanta'' refers to king Dhatarattha of Anga. Jain texts refer to Dhadhivahana, as a ruler of the Angas. Puranas and Harivamsa represent him as the son and immediate successor of ''Anga'', the eponymous founder of the kingdom. [[Jain]] traditions place him at the beginning of 6th century BCE.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} According to the [[Mahabharata]] (Adi Parv, Section CXXXVIII), [[Duryodhana]] had named [[Karna]] the King of Anga.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sacred-Texts: Hinduism|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/maha/index.htm|website=www.sacred-texts.com|access-date=2020-05-18}}</ref> | The Puranas also list several early kings of Anga. The ''Mahagovinda Suttanta'' refers to king Dhatarattha of Anga. Jain texts refer to Dhadhivahana, as a ruler of the Angas. Puranas and Harivamsa represent him as the son and immediate successor of ''Anga'', the eponymous founder of the kingdom. [[Jain]] traditions place him at the beginning of 6th century BCE.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} According to the [[Mahabharata]] (Adi Parv, Section CXXXVIII), [[Duryodhana]] had named [[Karna]] the King of Anga.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sacred-Texts: Hinduism|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/maha/index.htm|website=www.sacred-texts.com|access-date=2020-05-18}}</ref> | ||
Between | Between Vatsas and the realm of Anga, lived the [[Magadhas]]. A great struggle went on between the Angas and its eastern neighbours. The ''Vidhura Pandita Jataka'' describes [[Rajagriha]] (the Magadhan Capital) as the city of Anga and Mahabharata also refers to a sacrifice performed by the king of Anga at ''Mount Vishnupada'' (at [[Gaya, India|Gaya]]). This indicates that Anga had initially succeeded in annexing the Magadhas and thus its borders extended to the kingdom of [[Matsya]] country. | ||
This success of Angas did not last long. About the middle of 6th century BCE, [[Bimbisara]], the crown prince of Magadha had killed Brahmadatta, the last independent king of Anga and seized Champa. Bimbisara made it as his headquarters and ruled over it as his father's Viceroy. Thenceforth, Anga became an integral part of growing Magadha empire (PHAI, 1996).{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} | This success of Angas did not last long. About the middle of 6th century BCE, [[Bimbisara]], the crown prince of Magadha had killed Brahmadatta, the last independent king of Anga and seized Champa. Bimbisara made it as his headquarters and ruled over it as his father's Viceroy. Thenceforth, Anga became an integral part of growing Magadha empire (PHAI, 1996).{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} | ||
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* [[Karna]] | * [[Karna]] | ||
* [[Vrishaketu]] - Son. 'Chief of the Angas'. | * [[Vrishaketu]] - Son. 'Chief of the Angas'. | ||
* | * | ||
* Tamralipta | * Tamralipta | ||
* Lomapada - (a friend of the King of Kosala Dasaratha). | * Lomapada - (a friend of the King of Kosala Dasaratha). | ||