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	== References ==		== References ==
	~~{{Portal\|Politics\|India\|Bangladesh}}~~
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

imported>UserNumber at 13:00, 24 July 2021

2021-07-24T13:00:21Z

New page

{{EngvarB|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox war faction
| name = Zomi Revolutionary Army
| native_name = ဇိုမီး တော်လှန်ရေး တပ်မတော်
| native_name_lang = my
| war = the [[Internal conflict in Myanmar]] and the [[Insurgency in Northeast India]]
| image = [[File:Flag of Zomi Re-unification Organisation.svg|200px]]
| caption = Flag of the Zomi people, adopted by the ZRA
| active = {{Start date|1997}}–present
| leaders = Thanglianpau Guite
| ideology = [[Zomi nationalism]] [[Separatism]] [[Paite people|Paite interests]]
| clans = Zomi Revolutionary Organisation
| headquarters = [[Churachandpur district|Churachandpur]], [[Manipur]], [[India]]
| area = [[Zogam|''Zogam'' (''Zoland'')]]
* [[Chin State]], [[Myanmar]]
* [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]], [[Bangladesh]]
* [[Manipur]], [[India]]
* [[Mizoram]], [[India]]
| size =
| allies = [[Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup]] 
{{flagicon image|Unofficial flag of Nagaland.svg}} [[National Socialist Council of Nagaland]] [[Kuki Liberation Organisation]] ([[memorandum of understanding]])
{{flag|Myanmar}}
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Myanmar Armed Forces.svg}} [[Tatmadaw]]
| opponents = {{flag|Bangladesh}}
* [[Border Guards Bangladesh]]
{{flag|India}}
* [[CRPF]]
* [[Assam Regiment]]
{{flag|Myanmar}}
* [[Chinland Defense Force]]
| battles = [[Internal conflict in Myanmar]] [[Insurgency in Northeast India]]
| website =
}}

The '''Zomi Revolutionary Army''' ({{lang-my|ဇိုမီး တော်လှန်ရေး တပ်မတော်}}; [[Abbreviation|abbreviated]] '''ZRA''') is an armed [[Zomi nationalism|Zomi nationalist]] [[Insurgency|insurgent group]] formed in 1997, following an increase in ethnic tensions between the [[Kuki people]] (i.e. the [[Thadou people|Thadou]]) and the [[Paite people|Paites]] tribe in [[Churachandpur district]] of [[Manipur]], [[India]]. Its parent organisation, the ''Zomi Revolutionary Organisation'', was founded on April 1993.<ref name="satp.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/states/manipur/terrorist_outfits/zra.htm|title=Zomi Revolutionary Organisation / Zomi Revolutionary Army|publisher=satp.org|access-date=12 October 2014}}</ref>

The ZRA's proclaimed objective is to "protect the interests of the Zo ethnic groups" and to "unite the [[Zomi people]]s under one state, ''[[Zogam]]''", which overlaps the official state boundaries of [[India]] ([[Manipur]] and [[Mizoram]]), [[Myanmar]] ([[Chin State]]) and [[Bangladesh]] ([[Chittagong Hill Tracts]]).<ref name="satp.org" />

== Leadership ==
The ZRA has three main leadership positions, President, General Secretary, and Information and Publicity Secretary. Most of its leadership are from the Zomi community.<ref name="satp.org" /><ref name="silobreaker">{{cite web|url=http://www.silobreaker.com/fact-sheet-for-zomi-revolutionary-organisation-5_2262191526366937088_4?DrillDownItems=11_305457|title=Fact Sheet for Zomi Revolutionary Organisation - Silobreaker|publisher=Silobreaker.com|access-date=12 October 2014}}</ref> Its current leaders are:
* Thanglianpau Guite, President of the Zomi Revolutionary Army
* D. Kamsuanthang, General Secretary
* Jimmy Suanpu, Information and Publicity Secretary

== Areas of operation ==
The ZRA mainly conducts operations in the Paite, Simte, Vaiphei, Zou, Mizo, Chin, Gangte, Thadou and [[Zo people|other tribes under Zo umbrella]] majority areas of the [[Churachandpur district]] in [[Manipur]] and other districts in [[Manipur]], particularly the Singngat subdivision near [[Myanmar]] (Burma). Their main operation areas includes bordering regions of [[Manipur]] and [[Mizoram]], and also in [[Chin State]], Myanmar (Burma).<ref name="satp.org" />

== Funding ==
The ZRA allegedly funds itself through the collection of "protection fees" from locals who live in their areas of operations. In exchange for this fee, the ZRA claims they protect locals from being shot, kidnapped, or robbed by rival groups.<ref name="satp.org" /> In June 2004, according to local media reports, the ZRA accused the [[Mizo National Front]] (MNF) administration in [[Mizoram]] of only partially paying ZRA [[Cadre (politics)|cadres]] for campaigning on behalf of MNF candidates in [[Champhai]]. A prominent opposition leader in Mizoram, [[Lal Thanhawla]], claimed that on 12 June 2004, the MNF owed the ZRA payment for "services rendered", and that, because the MNF had failed to pay, the ZRA had begun collecting fees from residents of Mizoram.<ref name="satp.org" /><ref name="silobreaker" />

== Alliances with other groups ==
The ZRA's maintains close alliances with the [[Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup]] (KYKL) and the [[National Socialist Council of Nagaland]]-Isak Muivah (NSCN-IM). The group also has a [[memorandum of understanding]] with the [[Kuki Liberation Organization]] (KLO) that promises "full cooperation in all spheres, with the objective of strengthening the blood ties among the Kuki-Chin-Mizo/Zomi peoples".<ref name="satp.org" /> The ZRA was once in conflict with the [[Hmar People's Convention]]-Democracy (HPC-D), but the two groups reached an agreement to "work closely in the spirit of mutual understanding and cooperation for the welfare of the people and for achieving their shared objectives".<ref name="silobreaker"/>

== Peace negotiations ==
On 9 August 2005, the ZRA released a statement, saying that they had reached a ceasefire agreement with the Indian government, which was to last for six months starting from 1 August. The ZRA also said that they had "viewed the steps taken by the Indian government in this regard as a positive approach towards the better understanding of our unique history, and the realisation of the need for a permanent solution to the long standing aspirations of the Zomi people". In spite of this agreement, the Indian security forces allegedly conducted operations against ZRA during the ceasefire.<ref name="satp.org" />

== Notable incidents ==
{{prose|section|date=November 2018}}
* On 9 June 2005, ZRA insurgents ambushed a truck in [[Churachandpur district]] carrying Zomi Revolutionary Front (ZRF) insurgents, killing three ZRF members and one civilian. This attack was in retaliation for the ZRF's defection from the ZRA.<ref name="chinlandguardian">[http://www.chinlandguardian.com/news-2009/khonumthung-news/691-three-zrf-cadres-one-civilian-killed-in-zra-attack-on-truck-.html] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101029001116/http://www.chinlandguardian.com/news-2009/khonumthung-news/691-three-zrf-cadres-one-civilian-killed-in-zra-attack-on-truck-.html |date=29 October 2010 }}</ref>
* On 20 September 2005, ZRA insurgents clashed with other insurgents belonging to the Zomi Revolutionary Front, resulting in six deaths; one ZRA activist was also injured.<ref name=bbcnews>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4263152.stm|title=BBC News - South Asia - ambush kills nine Indian soldiers|publisher=News.bbc.co.uk|access-date=12 October 2014}}</ref>
* On 20 August 2006, two civilians were killed and four others were injured after Indian security forces opened fire on a group of churchgoers in the Vengnuam subdivision of Churachandpur, the ZRA's stronghold, believing incorrectly that ZRA members were present.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=9..290806.aug06|title=CZC flays CCpur Church attack : 29th aug06 ~ E-Pao! Headlines|publisher=E-pao.net|access-date=12 October 2014}}</ref>
* On 10 January 2010, three ZRA insurgents were killed in a clash with insurgents belonging to the [[People's Liberation Army of Manipur]], in [[Tonzang Township]], [[Chin State]]. One PLA insurgent was wounded.{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}
* On 15 January 2010, two ZRA insurgents were killed in a clash with insurgents belonging the Revolutionary People's Front, the armed faction of the [[People's Liberation Army of Manipur]] operating in interior [[Manipur]].<ref name="outlookindia">{{cite web|url=http://news.outlookindia.com/item.aspx?672869|title=news.outlookindia.com - Two militants killed in Manipur|publisher=News.outlookindia.com|access-date=12 October 2014}}</ref>
*On 20 June, 2021, the Chinland Defence Force issued a statement strongly condemning the attacks conducted by the Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA) on one of its bases on 16 June, 2021. It condemned the SAC and pledged support to the NUG, but has already clashed twice with the CDF for territorial control. In its statement, the CDF added that it would conduct attacks against the ZRA if ZRA kept its “hegemonic” stance.

== References ==
{{Portal|Politics|India|Bangladesh}}
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.start.umd.edu/start/ National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism]
* [http://www.satp.org/default.asp South Asia Terrorism Portal]
* [http://www.zogam.org/ Zomi Re-Unification Organization]

{{Insurgent groups in Myanmar}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zomi Revolutionary Army}}
[[Category:Paramilitary organisations based in Myanmar]]
[[Category:Terrorism in India]]
[[Category:Separatism in Myanmar]]
[[Category:Separatism in India]]
[[Category:Separatism in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Rebel groups in Myanmar]]
[[Category:Rebel groups in India]]

Zomi Revolutionary Army - Revision history

ZVPZulma5461169: fix formatting additionally and improved wording

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

imported>UserNumber at 13:00, 24 July 2021