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{{Multiple issues|{{more citations needed|date=January 2022}}{{more footnotes|date=January 2022}}{{unreliable sources|date=January 2022}}}}

{{Infobox person
| name = Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury
| image =
| native_name = জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী
| birth_date = 1901
| birth_place = [[Jorhat]], [[Assam]], [[British Raj]]
| death_date = 1986
| death_place = [[Bangladesh]]
| nationality =
| citizenship =
| occupation = [[Politician]]
| known_for = [[Bengali language movement]]<ref>{{cite book|language=bn|title=ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেট|page=33|author=Mohammad, Tajul|year=1994|publisher=Sahitya Prakashan}}</ref>
| successor =
| party =
| spouse = Dewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury
| children = 9
| website =
| signature =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury''' ({{Lang-bn|জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী}}; 1901–1986), also known as '''Zobeda Rahim Chowdhury''' ({{Lang-bn|জোবেদা রহিম চৌধুরী}}),<ref>{{cite book|title=সিলেট অঞ্চলের শিক্ষাঙ্গন: অতীত ও বর্তমান|language=bn|author=Mohanta, Rasamay|year=1990|publisher=Sarasvatī Mohānta|pages=3, 42}}</ref> was one among the leading woman who partook in the [[Bengali language movement]] from Sylhet<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=bn:মায়ের ভাষার সংগ্রাম ও ভাষা সৈনিক|language=bn|work=Dainik Azadi|url=http://www.dainikazadi.org/details2.php?news_id=784&table=february2014&date=2014-02-07&page_id=23|access-date=22 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304192122/http://www.dainikazadi.org/details2.php?news_id=784&table=february2014&date=2014-02-07&page_id=23|archive-date=4 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Kali, Taslima|date=24 February 2021|title=ভাষা আন্দোলনের বরণীয় তিন নারী|language=bn|trans-title=Three women of the language movement|work=[[Sylheter Dak]]|url=https://sylheterdak.com.bd/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=28 February 2021|title=সৈয়দা শাহার বানু : অকুতোভয় এক ভাষাসৈনিক|language=bn|url=https://www.womennews24.com/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95/20861}}</ref> and a pioneering [[Women in Bangladesh|women in Bangladeshi politics]].<ref>{{cite news |author=Siddiq, Abu Bakr |date=1 December 2015 |title=সিলেট সরকারি মহিলা কলেজ —– ৭৫ বছরের আলোকবর্তিকা |language=bn |work=Dainik Jalalabad |url=http://www.dainikjalalabad.com/2013/12/01/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A7%AD/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304223340/http://www.dainikjalalabad.com/2013/12/01/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A7%AD/ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Zobeda Khanom was born in 1901, to a [[Bengali Muslims|Bengali Muslim]] family in [[Jorhat]], [[Assam]]. Her father was [[Khan Bahadur]] Sharafat Ali and her mother was Nurjahan Begum. The family were originally from Paniumda, [[Nabiganj Upazila|Nabiganj]] in [[Sylhet Division|Sylhet]],<ref>{{cite book|page=38|language=bn|title=হবিগঞ্জের মুসলিম মানস|author=Kamal, Syed Mostafa|year=1991|publisher=Mohammad Afzal}}</ref> but Ali had moved to Assam for employment. Her education began in [[Dibrugarh]], also in Assam, where her father was working at the time. She then enrolled at the [[Eden Mohila College]] in [[Dacca]], where she became the college's first female Muslim student.<ref name=bhor/>

In 1928, the Sylhet Muslim Students Conference was held, which was attended by the likes of [[Kazi Nazrul Islam|Qazi Nazrul Islam]], [[A. K. Fazlul Huq|AK Fazlul Huq]], and [[Muhammad Shahidullah]].<ref name=bhor/> She first became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Congress and later left the party and became the president of the Sylhet District Women's Muslim League in 1943.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=bn:ভাষা আন্দোলনে সিলেটের নারী সমাজের ভূমিকা|url=http://www.sylhetexpress.com/lekhalekhiNew.php?getNewsid=38068&writerID=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150327075505/http://www.sylhetexpress.com/lekhalekhiNew.php?getNewsid=38068&writerID=3|archive-date=27 March 2015|access-date=22 February 2022}}</ref>

In 1919, her father arranged for her to marry Dewan Abdur Rahim Chowdhury, who was a member of the [[Assam Legislative Council]]. They had five sons and four daughters.<ref name=bhor/>

== Political activism ==
She was the leader of Sylhet Womans Association.

Demanding to make Bengali the state language, the women of Sylhet district met the Minister of Communications at the beginning of the language movement in 1948 and later handed over a memorandum to the then Prime Minister of East Bengal. Here she played a leading role. After sending this memorandum, they came under pressure in various ways. At that time, the Eastern Herald, a pro-[[Urdu]] newspaper in Sylhet, in its editorial, made indecent remarks about the leader Zobeda Khanom and the memorandum. Syeda Najibunnesa Khatun, another great language activist, protested against this indecent statement. She said in a protest note published in the March 12 issue of the weekly Nau-Belal: "Those that despite being Bengali-speakers of East Pakistan oppose their mother tongue are treacherous children... In what way are the non-Urdu-speaking Muslims of Sylhet inferior in observing the rules of Islam than those [[Urdu-speaking people|proficient in Urdu]]? On the contrary, the conscious people have expressed the view that culture and heritage deserve a prominent place among the Muslims of Sylhet in the whole of East Pakistan."{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}

[[Tamaddun Majlish]] founder [[Abul Kashem]] also sent a letter to Zobeda Khanom, expressing the Majlish's gratitude to her activism in Sylhet and giving her a sense of hope in response to the indecent media backlash.

The [[Bengalis]] were outraged when Urdu was declared the [[state language]] of Pakistan at the [[Ramna Race Course]] Ground in [[Dhaka]] by [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], the founder of [[Pakistan]], and at the convocation ceremony of [[Dhaka University]] on March 24. In this time, Zobeda Khanom sent a letter to Jinnah requesting Bengali to be given status. Her son, Ahmad Kabir Chowdhury, also took part in the language movement. He was killed during a police firing at a student protest on 21 February (now recognised as [[International Mother Language Day]]). Zobeda Khanom was one of the many members of the Sylhet Regional All-Parties State Language Council.

== Death ==
Zobeda Khanom died in [[Bangladesh]] in 1986.<ref name=bhor>{{cite news|url=https://www.bhorerkagoj.com/2019/02/27/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80/|language=bn|title=জোবেদা খানম চৌধুরী|trans-title=Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury|date=27 February 2019|author1=Mahbub, M.R.|author2=Nasir Uddin, Salek}}{{pb}}A rough translation is at {{Cite web|last=Mahbub|first=M. R.|date=2020-02-21|title=Jobeda Khanam Chowdhury: Rallying the women of the north-east|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/amar-ekushey-2020/news/jobeda-khanam-chowdhury-rallying-the-women-the-north-east-1871047|access-date=2022-01-18|website=The Daily Star|language=en}}{{pb}}Both extracted from {{Cite book|last=Mahbub|first=M R|title=Jara Amar Bhasha Shongrame|year=2012|language=bn}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Syeda Shahar Banu]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Bengali Language Movement}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khanom Chowdhury, Zobeda}}
[[Category:1986 deaths]]
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:Bengali language movement activists]]
[[Category:People from Nabiganj Upazila]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengalis]]

Zobeda Khanom Chowdhury - Revision history

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