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Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 1 template: hyphenate params (1×);

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
[[File:Kangchenjunga East Face from Zemu Glacier.jpg|thumb|Eastern face of [[Kangchenjunga]], the third [[List of highest mountains|highest mountain in the world]], near the Zemu Glacier, in the [[Himalaya]]n region of [[Sikkim, India]].]]
'''Zemu Glacier''' is the largest glacier in the Eastern [[Himalaya]]. It is about {{convert|26|km}} in length and is located at the base of [[Kangchenjunga]] in the [[Himalaya]]n region of [[Sikkim]], [[India]].
The Zemu Glacier drains the east side of Kanchenjunga, the world's third highest mountain. The glacier is the source of water for numerous rivers, as it feeds them when it melts. One of them is the [[Teesta River]], which has garnered large attention in the past few years because of a proposed 3500 MW hydropower plant. At the moment the [[Government of Sikkim]] has only been able to run a 510 MW plant on the river. Owing to the location of the river in an earthquake prone area, the hydropower plants will be a run of the river project.<ref name="Zemu Glacier">{{cite web|last=Pelto|first=Mauri|title=Zemu Glacier, Sikkim Thinning and Retreat|url=http://glacierchange.wordpress.com/2009/07/02/zemu-glacier-sikkim-thinning-and-retreat/|access-date=10 December 2015}}</ref>

Zemu Glacier remains a less studied and monitored glacier. Studying digital imagery shows that the glacier has receded 27 meters every year between 1967–1984. The retreat is not massive given the great length of the glacier. There is a thick layer of debris on the glacier, preventing ablation: there are, however, small lakes that have formed on the surface of these debris-covered sections of the glacier.

==Changes and Threats==
Zemu Glacier has seen significant retreat in recent years. The lateral moraine ridges on either side of the glacier are on average 150 feet high. These ridges were created during the [[Little Ice Age]] advance. Lateral moraines never get higher than glacier surfaces that create them. This means that the underside of the glacier has thinned by 150 feet in the last century.<ref name="Zemu Glacier"/>

Another problem on the glacier is the disappearance of its tributaries. Many of its tributaries no longer meet it. This deprives the glacier of a significant portion of its former ice sources. The head of the glacier is fed by debris from the Kanchenjunga slopes. The lower 18 km of the glacier is an ablation zone where melting is immense. Recent studies have shown that between 2000 and 2013 the surrounding glaciers of the Zemu have shrunk drastically, reducing the source for the main glacier and increasing the risk of its shrinkage.<ref name="Zemu Glacier"/>

==See also==
* [[List of glaciers]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.dav-bibliothek.de/webOPAC/Karten/sonstige/Himalaya/KarteZemu-Gletscher1931.jpg Map from 1931 German expedition]

{{Hydrography of Sikkim}}
{{coord|27|45|N|88|16|E|region:IN_type:glacier_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}

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[[Category:Glaciers of Sikkim]]
[[Category:Glaciers of the Himalayas]]

{{Sikkim-geo-stub}}
{{India-glacier-stub}}

Zemu Glacier - Revision history

->Ifnord: Reverted 1 edit by ASMIT chattopadhyay (talk) to last revision by Monkbot

imported>Monkbot: Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 1 template: hyphenate params (1×);