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{{Short description|1973 film by Prakash Mehra}}
{{About|the 1973 film|the 2013 remake|Zanjeer (2013 film)|the flagellatory implement used in Shia ritual|Day of Ashura}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2013}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Zanjeer
| image = Zanjeer 1973.jpg
| caption = Film poster
| director = [[Prakash Mehra]]
| producer = Prakash Mehra Productions
| screenplay = [[Salim–Javed]]
| story = [[Salim Khan]]
| starring = [[Amitabh Bachchan]] [[Jaya Bhaduri]] [[Pran (actor)|Pran]]
| music = [[Kalyanji-Anandji]]
| cinematography = [[N. Satyen]]
| editing = R. Mahadik
| studio = Asha Studios Chandivali Studio [[Filmistan Studio]] R.K. Studios Swati Studios
| distributor = Prakash Mehra Productions Baba Digital Media Digital Entertainment Eros Entertainment
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1973|5|11}}
| runtime = 147 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross = {{Estimation}} {{INR}} 17.46 [[crore]] ({{Estimation}} equivalent to {{INR}} 564 [[crore]] in 2016 adjusting for inflation)
}}
'''''Zanjeer''''' ({{trans|Shackles}}) is a 1973 Indian [[Hindi]]-language action thriller film written by [[Salim–Javed]] (mostly by [[Salim Khan]], with assistance from [[Javed Akhtar]]), directed and produced by [[Prakash Mehra]], and starring [[Amitabh Bachchan]], [[Jaya Bachchan]], [[Pran (actor)|Pran]], [[Ajit Khan]] and [[Bindu (actress)|Bindu]].

The film started a new wave in [[Bollywood]]. At a time when [[India]] was suffering from corruption and low economic growth, and the common man was left with frustration and anger over the system, ''Zanjeer'' began shifting Hindi cinema in a violent and aggressive direction. Reflecting the anger of the masses, Bachchan was seen as the new hero, who had the courage to fight against the wrongs while maintaining moral values at the same time. This film also ended the struggling period for Bachchan, and turned him into a rising star. The film was a [[List of highest-grossing Indian films|blockbuster success]], domestically in India and [[List of highest-grossing Indian films in overseas markets|overseas in]] the [[Soviet Union]].

It was the first of many collaborations between screenwriter duo [[Salim–Javed]] and Bachchan. Ever since ''Zanjeer'', [[Salim–Javed]] wrote many of their subsequent scripts with Bachchan in mind for the lead role, and insisted on him being cast for their later films, including blockbusters such as ''[[Deewaar]]'' (1975) and ''[[Sholay]]'' (1975), establishing Bachchan as a superstar.<ref name="hindustantimes" /> In addition to being a turning point for Bachchan's career and Hindi cinema, ''Zanjeer'' was also a turning point for [[South Indian cinema]], with Bachchan's acting inspiring future [[Tamil language|Tamil]] [[Superstar Rajinikanth]].<ref name="indianexpress" /> ''Zanjeer'' remains an important film in the history of [[Indian cinema]] and is regarded as a classic today. Dev Anand, Raj Kumar and Dharmendra were offered the lead role but they somehow did not accept the role.

==Plot==
The film opens on [[Diwali]] with the murder of young Vijay Khanna's parents, committed by a man of unknown identity with a white horse on his charm bracelet, "zanjeer". Because of this traumatic event, Vijay has recurring [[nightmare]]s of a white [[stallion]]. Even as a child Vijay stays socially awkward and stays away from the other kids, showing the audience that he believes himself to be alone. Fast forward 20 years, and Vijay ([[Amitabh Bachchan]]) is now an inspector, an honest police officer in a town where few are just. He receives complaints about a local man, Sher Khan (Pathan) ([[Pran (actor)|Pran]]), who is running gambling dens. When he calls Khan in for questioning, Khan's superiority complex chafes against Khanna's police authority, as he scolds the officer, telling him he only orders him around due to the uniform he wears. Vijay takes him up on his challenge, and meets him in street clothes to fight him. At fight's end, Sher Khan not only closes his gambling dens, but has gained respect for Vijay. He becomes an [[auto mechanic]], and reforms his ways.

Various dealings of the underworld continue unabated throughout the town, all tracing back to [[gang]] leader Teja ([[Ajit Khan]]). A mysterious caller continually phones Inspector Khanna to inform him exactly when a crime is about to take place, but hangs up before Khanna can extract any more information out of him. When a traffic accident perpetrated by gang members leaves several children dead, a witness, a street performer named Mala ([[Jaya Bhaduri]]), is bribed by Teja's men to keep quiet. When she is questioned by Vijay, he becomes enraged at her denying she knows anything, and, to sway her differently, takes her into the [[morgue]] to view the mangled bodies of the children. She has a change of heart, and comes clean, asking that the bribe be donated to an [[orphanage]]. She identifies the man behind the traffic accident.

Once it is known that Mala has broken her word, Teja's men come after her. She is chased through the night, narrowly escaping across the train tracks, and coming to Inspector Khanna's house, desperate for shelter. He lets her in, allows her to stay, and the two discover that they are both [[orphans]], and discuss the fears associated with living alone. Khanna kindly takes her to his brother and sister-in-law, and, under the sister-in-law's tutelage, Mala begins to learn how to keep house, as well as English, and other refinements.

Eventually, Vijay is framed for bribery, stripped of his title and position as inspector, and jailed for 6 months on false charges, trapped by Teja. When he is released from jail, he plans to take revenge. Mala, by this time, has developed from a frightened stranger seeking his help to a romantic interest for him. She begs him, to seal their relationship, that he must stop being so vengeful. He agrees, but soon must come to terms with such a promise when he meets, in a Christian cemetery, the informant who had called him in the past when he was an inspector. The man, De Silva ([[Om Prakash]]), appears half-insane, holding onto an empty bottle. He says that on Christmas several years before, his three sons drank poisoned [[moonshine]], and died from it. Until the killer is found, he will continue to wander with the bottle. When local criminals mocked him and called him crazy, he vowed to get back at them as he could: by phoning the inspector when a crime was about to happen.

After hearing this news, Vijay becomes depressed, torn between his desire to help the grieving De Silva, and his need to keep his promise to Mala that he would not take any more revenge on the lowlifes of the town. Eventually, along with a concerted effort by Sher Khan to cheer up Vijay, Mala relents, vowing she will not try to control him, and says he must do what is right.

The trail of tainted moonshine leads back to Teja and his men. Upon finally cornering the crook on Diwali, [[fireworks]] bursting overhead, Vijay also finds out that the person who murdered his parents, 20 years before, on the same night, is Teja, recognisable by the zanjeer on his wrist. Sher Khan helps him to fight Teja and his men, and take justice into their own hands, until the police arrive. When the hapless police inspector is held at gunpoint by Teja, Vijay manages to drop to retrieve a pistol from the ground, and shoots him dead, his body falling into the swimming pool.

==Cast==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!Actor/Actress !!Character/Role !!Notes
|-
|[[Amitabh Bachchan]]
|Insp. Vijay Khanna
|Protagonist
|-
|[[Jaya Bhaduri]]
|Mala
|
|-
|[[Pran (actor)|Pran]]
|Sher Khan (Pathan)
|
|-
|[[Om Prakash]]
|De Silva
|Special appearance
|-
|[[Ajit Khan]]
|Seth Dharam Dayal Teja
|Antagonist
|-
|[[Bindu (actress)|Bindu]]
|Mona
|
|-
|[[Iftekhar]]
|Police Commissioner Singh
|as Iftikhar
|-
|[[Keshto Mukherjee]]
|Gangu
|as Kesto Mukherji
|-
|[[Randhir (actor)|Randhir]]
|Lala Ashok
|Sherkhan's friend - Usurer
|-
|[[Gulshan Bawra]]
|Street Singer
|Song ''Deewane Hain''
|-
| Sheela Vaz
|Street dancer
|Song ''Deewane Hain'
|-
|[[Ram Mohan]]
|Kabir
|
|-
|[[Yunus Parvez]]
|Constable
|
|-
|M. Rajan
|Ranjeet
|Vijay's father
|-
| [[Purnima (Hindi actress)|Purnima]]
|Sumitra
|Vijay's mother
|-
|Nandita Thakur
|Shanti Bhabhi
|
|-
|[[Satyendra Kapoor]]
|Police Inspector
|as Satyen Kappoor
|-
|[[Ashalata Wabgaonkar]]
|Police Inspector's wife
|Vijay's stepmother (as Asha Lata)
|-
|[[Ram Sethi]]
|Constable
|
|-
|[[Sanjana]]
|Street Dancer
|Song ''Deewane Hain''
|-
|[[Amrit Pal (actor)|Amrit Pal]]
|Man offered 'Sher Khan' money to kill
|as Amrit Paul
|-
|[[Bhushan Tiwari]]
|Smuggler, Teja's man
|as Bhooshan Tiwari
|-
|[[Javed Khan Amrohi|Javed Khan]]
|Smuggler, Teja's man
|as Khan
|-
|Ranvir Raj
|Smuggler, Teja's man
|as Ranbir
|-
|[[Krishan Dhawan]]
|Smuggler, Teja's man
|as Dhawan
|-
|[[Mac Mohan]]
|Man caught in Teja's liquor warehouse
|as Mack Mohan
|-
|[[D. K. Sapru]]
|Patil
|as Sapru
|-
|[[Goga Kapoor]]
|Goga
|as Goga
|}

==Production==
The film's story, script and screenplay were written by [[Salim Khan]], who also conceived the "angry young man" persona of Vijay, played by Amitabh Bachchan. After Khan completed the script, Khan shared the credit with [[Javed Akhtar]], as the screenwriting duo [[Salim–Javed]].<ref name="timesofindia">{{cite news|title=Why Salim Khan was angry with Amitabh Bachchan|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Why-Salim-Khan-was-angry-with-Amitabh-Bachchan/articleshow/27245793.cms|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=13 December 2013}}</ref>

''Zanjeer'' was written as a [[crime film]] with violent [[Action film|action]], and the main character Vijay was conceived as a hard-hitting, ‘angry with the system’ young man.<ref name="indianexpress"/> At a time when [[Hindi cinema]] was dominated by [[romance film]]s with "romantic hero" leads, [[Prakash Mehra]] saw the script as potentially groundbreaking and came on board as the film's director. However, they were struggling to find an actor for the lead "angry young man" role, which was turned down by a number of actors due to it going against their "romantic hero" image; at the time, the industry was dominated by the "King of Romance" [[Rajesh Khanna]] and similar "romantic hero" actors.<ref name="indianexpress">{{cite news|title=Revisiting Prakash Mehra's Zanjeer: The film that made Amitabh Bachchan|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/revisiting-prakash-mehra-zanjeer-the-film-that-made-amitabh-bachchan-4714064/|work=[[The Indian Express]]|date=20 June 2017}}</ref> The role of the lead was first offered to many leading men of the time, including [[Raaj Kumar]], Rajesh Khanna, [[Dharmendra]], [[Dev Anand]] and [[Dilip Kumar]], all of whom turned down the offer. Eventually, it went to a newcomer, [[Amitabh Bachchan]], and established his career.<ref>{{cite web | title = Casting chronicle: One's miss is another's hit | publisher=India Today | url = http://indiatoday.intoday.in/gallery/casting-chronicle-2-states-baazigar-darr-munna-bhai-arjun-kapoor-imran-khan/1/11687.html | access-date = 2014-05-05 }}</ref>

Salim-Javed were responsible for discovering and casting Bachchan. At the time, Bachchan was a "failed newcomer" who, by the age of 30, had twelve flops and only two hits (as a lead in ''[[Bombay to Goa]]'' and supporting role in ''[[Anand (1971 film)|Anand]]'').<ref name="indianexpress"/> According to Javed Akhtar, they "saw his talent, which most makers didn’t. He was exceptional, a genius actor who was in films that weren’t good."<ref name="hindustantimes">{{cite news|title=Deewaar was the perfect script: Amitabh Bachchan on 42 years of the cult film|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/deewaar-was-the-perfect-script-amitabh-bachchan-on-42-years-of-the-cult-film/story-x2hy87zQ0ebVlsVMV59U2I.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=29 January 2017|language=en}}</ref> According to Bachchan, Salim-Javed were close to Rajesh Khanna and could've convinced him to play the role, but they instead opted for the unknown Bachchan. According to Salim Khan, they "strongly felt that Amitabh was the ideal casting for ''Zanjeer''". Bachchan stated, “Salim-Javed saw a fight sequence in ''Bombay to Goa'' where I was chewing gum throughout the fight, as an indicator that I would be the right choice for ''Zanjeer''.”<ref name="indianexpress"/> Salim Khan was responsible for introducing Bachchan to Mehra.<ref name="timesofindia"/>

For the female lead, [[Mumtaz (actress)|Mumtaz]] was initially offered the role. However, she was engaged at the time, and opted out, choosing marriage over career. Jaya Bhaduri, who was engaged to Bachchan at the time, immediately agreed to take the role, for the sake of her future husband.<ref name="indianexpress"/>

For the film's promotion, the posters of ''Zanjeer'' initially did not have the names of Salim-Javed on them. Salim-Javed hired a man with a jeep to drive around and paint "Salim-Javed" in [[stencil]] font on all the ''Zanjeer'' posters from [[Juhu]] to [[Royal Opera House (Mumbai)|Opera House]]. However, the man was sometimes drunk, which led to him painting "Salim-Javed" on the wrong places, such as Pran's face or Bachchan's hands, for some posters.<ref name="open">{{cite journal|last1=Khan|first1=Salim|author-link1=Salim Khan|last2=Sukumaran|first2=Shradha|title=Sholay, the Beginning|journal=[[Open (Indian magazine)|OPEN Magazine]]|date=14 August 2010|url=http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/arts-letters/sholay-the-beginning|language=en}}</ref>

==Crew==
*'''Director''': [[Prakash Mehra]]
*'''Writer''': [[Salim–Javed]] ([[Salim Khan]], [[Javed Akhtar]])
*'''Producer''': [[Prakash Mehra]], Babboo Mehra
*'''Production Company''': Prakash Mehra Productions
*'''Editor''': Ramchandra Mahadik (as R.D. Mahadik)
*'''Art Director''': J. J. Bhende
*'''Cinematographer''': [[N. Satyen]]
*'''Stunts''': Ravi Khanna, Virendra Kumar
*'''Costume and Wardrobe''': Vasant Mahajan, Shankar Jadhav
*'''Choreographer''': [[Satyanarayan]]
*'''Music Director''': [[Kalyanji Anandji]]
*'''Lyricist''': [[Gulshan Bawra]], [[Prakash Mehra]] (Dil jalon ka dil jala ke)
*'''Playback Singers''': [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Manna Dey]], [[Lata Mangeshkar]], [[Mohammad Rafi]]

==Soundtrack==
{{Tracklist
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Chaaku Chhuriyan Tez Karaa Lo
| extra1 = [[Asha Bhosle]]
| length1 =

| title2 = Diljalon Ka Dil Jalaake Kya Milega Dilruba
| extra2 = [[Asha Bhosle]]
| length2 =

| title3 = Deewane Hai, Deewanon Ko Na Ghar Chahiye
| length3 =
| extra3 = [[Lata Mangeshkar]], [[Mohammed Rafi]]

| title4 = Banaake Kyun Bigaada Re
| extra4 = [[Lata Mangeshkar]]
| length4 =

| title5 = Yaari Hai Imaan Mera Yaar Meri Zindagi
| extra5 = [[Manna Dey]]
| length5 =
}}

==Box office==
With a total domestic Indian [[gross revenue]] of [[Indian rupee|{{INR}}]]6 [[crore]] in [[1973 in film|1973]], including a [[Net income|nett collection]] of {{INR}}3 crore, the film was declared a "Super Hit" according to [[Box Office India]].<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120922021228/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=179&catName=MTk3Mw==</ref> This was equivalent to a domestic gross of [[US$]]7.75 million in 1973,{{#tag:ref|7.7420 Indian rupees per US dollar in 1973<ref name="sauder">http://fx.sauder.ubc.ca/etc/USDpages.pdf#page=3</ref>|group=n}} or US${{Inflation|US|7.75|1973}} million ({{INR}}282 crore)<ref name="exchange16"/> in 2016.

It was also an [[List of highest-grossing Indian films in overseas markets|overseas blockbuster]] at the [[List of Soviet films of the year by ticket sales|Soviet box office]], where it drew an audience of 37.3 million viewers in [[1980 in film|1980]].<ref name="soviet">{{cite web|url=http://kinanet.livejournal.com/1469857.html|title=Зарубежные популярные фильмы в советском кинопрокате (Индия)|author=Sergey Kudryavtsev|author-link=Sergey Kudryavtsev (film critic)}}</ref> Its overseas gross in the [[Soviet Union]] amounted to 9.325 million [[Soviet ruble|SUR]] ([[US$]]14.58 million, {{INR}}11.46 crore), equivalent to US${{Inflation|US|14.58|1980}} million ({{INR}}282 crore) in 2016.{{#tag:ref|''Zanjeer'' in Soviet Union: 9.325 million SUR{{#tag:ref|37.3 million tickets sold,<ref name="soviet"/> average ticket price of 25 [[Soviet ruble|kopecks]]<ref name="moscow7">[https://is.muni.cz/el/1421/podzim2015/FAV291/um/Roth-Ey-Moscow_Prime_Time.pdf#page=7 ''Moscow Prime Time: How the Soviet Union Built the Media Empire that Lost the Cultural Cold War'', page 48], [[Cornell University Press]], 2011</ref>|group=n}} (US$14.58 million,{{#tag:ref|0.6395 [[Soviet ruble]]s per [[US dollar]] in 1980<ref name="russia">Archive of Bank of Russia http://cbr.ru/currency_base/OldDataFiles/USD.xls</ref>|group=n}} {{INR}}11.46 crore){{#tag:ref|7.8629 Indian rupees per US dollar in 1980<ref name="sauder"/>|group=n}} in 1980<ref name="soviet"/> (US${{Inflation|US|14.58|1980}} million or {{INR}}282 crore<ref name="exchange16">[https://www.ofx.com/en-gb/forex-news/historical-exchange-rates/yearly-average-rates/ 67.175856 INR per USD in 2016]</ref> in 2016)|group=n|name=Zanjeer}}

Worldwide, the film grossed a total of {{INR}}{{#expr:6+11.46}} crore (${{#expr:7.75+14.58}} million). Adjusted for inflation, its worldwide gross is equivalent to {{INR}}{{#expr:282+282}} crore (${{#expr:42+42}} million) in 2016.

==Awards and nominations==

*[[Filmfare Best Story Award]] - [[Salim Khan|Salim]]-[[Javed Akhtar|Javed]]
*[[Filmfare Best Screenplay Award]] - Salim-Javed <ref>{{cite web |title=Best Screenplay Award|url=http://recipeguide.indiatimes.com/awards2001/ex_screenplay.htm|publisher=Filmfare Award Official Listings, [[Indiatimes]] |access-date=April 28, 2014}}</ref>
*[[Filmfare Best Lyricist Award]] - [[Gulshan Bawra]] for the song "Yari Hai Imaan Mera"
*[[Filmfare Best Editing Award]] - R. Mahadik
*[[Filmfare Awards|Filmfare]] Nomination for Best Film
*Filmfare Nomination for Best Actor - [[Amitabh Bachchan]]
*Filmfare Nomination for Best Supporting Actor - [[Pran (actor)|Pran]]
*Filmfare Nomination for Best Music - [[Kalyanji Anandji]]
*Filmfare Nomination for Best Male Playback Singer - [[Manna Dey]] for the song "Yari Hai Imaan Mera"<ref>[http://deep750.googlepages.com/FilmfareAwards.pdf 1st Filmfare Awards 1953]</ref>

==Sequels and remakes==

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Year
! Film
! Language
! Cast
! Director
|-
| 1974
| [[Nippulanti Manishi]]
|''[[Telugu cinema|Telugu]]''
|''[[N. T. Rama Rao]], [[Kaikala Satyanarayana]], [[Latha Sethupathi|Latha]]''
|S. D. Lal
|-
| 1974
| [[Sirithu Vazha Vendum]]
|''[[Tamil cinema|Tamil]]''
|''[[M. G. Ramachandran]]'', [[Latha Sethupathi|Latha]]
|[[S. S. Balan]]
|-
| 1980
| [[Naayattu]]
|''[[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam]]''
|''[[Jayan]], [[Prem Nazir]]''
|[[Sreekumaran Thampi]]
|-
| 2013
|''[[Zanjeer (2013 film)|Zanjeer]]''
| [[Hindi Cinema|Hindi]]
|rowspan="2" | ''[[Ram Charan (actor)|Ram Charan]], [[Priyanka Chopra]]''
|rowspan="2" | [[Apoorva Lakhia]]
|-
| 2013
|''[[Toofan (2013 film)|Toofan]]''
| [[Telugu Cinema|Telugu]]
|}

A remake, with the same name, released on 6 September 2013. ''[[Zanjeer (2013 film)|Zanjeer]]'' featuring [[Ram Charan Teja]] as Vijay, [[Priyanka Chopra]] as Mala, [[Sanjay Dutt]] as Sher Khan, [[Prakash Raj]] as Teja, [[Mahi Gill]] as Mona, [[Ankur Bhatia]] as Bosco, and [[Atul Kulkarni (actor born 1965)|Atul Kulkarni]]. [[Priyanka Chopra]] contracted the film for 90 million [[indian rupee]] turning her the highest paid Indian actress.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/Priyanka-becomes-highest-paid-actress/Article1-840519.aspx |title=Priyanka becomes highest paid Indian Actress |publisher=Hindustan Times |access-date=17 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414224342/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/Priyanka-becomes-highest-paid-actress/Article1-840519.aspx |archive-date=14 April 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The film is also simultaneously shot in Telugu titled ''[[Toofan (2013 film)|Toofan]]'', featuring the same cast except [[Srihari]] replaces Sanjay Dutt as Sher Khan, and [[Tanikella Bharani]] replaces Atul Kulkarni.

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=n}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb movie}}
* {{BH movie|zanjeer-3}}

{{Salim-Javed}}
{{Prakash Mehra}}

[[Category:1973 films]]
[[Category:1970s Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Prakash Mehra]]
[[Category:Films about organised crime in India]]
[[Category:Films set in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Kalyanji Anandji]]
[[Category:Urdu films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the Maharashtra Police]]
[[Category:Hindi films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:1970s crime action films]]
[[Category:Indian vigilante films]]
[[Category:1970s vigilante films]]
[[Category:Indian crime action films]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Salim-Javed]]
[[Category:Films featuring an item number]]
[[Category:Indian films about revenge]]

Zanjeer (1973 film) - Revision history

imported>KungfuPanda2008 at 13:59, 7 August 2021