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{{Short description|Pakistani politician (1907 – 1972)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Zahirul Hasnain Lari
| honorific_suffix = Member of the [[Constituent Assembly of India]]
| office =
| term_start =
| term_end =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1907|01|17}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1972|03|13|1907|01|17}}
| birth_place = [[Lar, Uttar Pradesh|Lar]], [[United Provinces (1937–1950)|United Provinces]] (present-day [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]])
| profession = Lawyer <br/ > Politician
| party =
| alma_mater =
| spouse =
| children =
}}

'''Zahirul Hasnain Lari''' (17 January 1907 – 13 March 1972) was a lawyer and a known [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] leader from [[United Provinces (1937–1950)|United Provinces]]. He was a [[Pakistan movement]] activist and some acts of [[nationalism]] in his student life in India are noted.

==Early life==
Zahirul Hasnain Lari was born in [[Lar, Uttar Pradesh|Lar]], [[Deoria district|Uttar Pradesh]] India on 17 January 1907. He was born to parents (Father Abdus Shakoor) who belonged to the historic local Muslim community [[Iraqi Biradari]].<ref name="our publication">{{cite book |author1=Jalil Ahmad Lari|author2=Javed Ahmad Gauri|author3=Tabrez Akhtar Lari|title= APNO KI TALASH FINAL Book Urdu|url= https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Dl5q9nluGUWuc8BVjZY1BvljlYN2j2lZ |access-date=18 March 2023|pages=71}}</ref>
He was educated at [[Aligarh Muslim University]] Aligarh, receiving respectively, a B.A. (1927) degree, M.A., LL.B. (1930) degree and he was a notable alumnus.<ref>Zahirul Hasnain Lari(1) Abdus Shakoor, Lar Dt Gorakhpur (2) 17.1.1907 (7)B.A. 1927; M.A., LL B. 1930 {{cite web |title=Aligarh Muslim University Alumni Directory|page=Z1245|year=2019|url= https://idoc.pub/documents/aligarh-muslim-university-alumni-directory-1d47kw123yn2}} retrieved 14 Dec 2023</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Alumni Aligarh|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/248774051/Alumni-Aligarh}}Z.H.Lari, under Jurist, retrieved 15 Dec 203</ref> After graduation in Law, Zahirul Hasnain practiced as a lawyer at Gorakhpur district court. He enrolled as an Advocate in the High Court Allahabad where his family lived before migration to Pakistan in 1950.

==Political life==
[[1937 Indian provincial elections]] under [[Government of India Act 1935]]: Muslim League President [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] took a nationalist stance and emulated the Congress electoral campaign and appointed Muslim League Parliamentary Boards for the 1937 elections. The strategy mentioned above did not work as the Muslim League barely won 29 seats from the Muslim-reserved 66 seats or 29 in total U.P. assembly seats 288.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Hermanne Kulke|author2=Dietmar Rothermund|title=A History of India|url=http://www.ahandfulofleaves.org/documents/A%20History%20of%20India_Kulke.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226092618/http://ahandfulofleaves.org/documents/A%20History%20of%20India_Kulke.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 February 2015|edition=4th|publisher=Routledge|page=314}}</ref>
On the other hand, the Congress Party won a simple majority of 138 to form the government. Zahirul Hasnain won the 1937 U.P. Legislative Assembly election from [[Gorakhpur]] reserved seat.
As an important Muslim League leader from [[United Province]] he served the deputy [[leader of the opposition]] post in U.P. Legislative Assembly.<ref>{{cite news|title=Why is BJP doing a Congress on Congress over LoP issue …|newspaper=Times of India|access-date=Jul 14, 2014|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/why-is-bjp-doing-a-congress-on-congress-over-lop-issue/articleshow/38341506.cms}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lari|first=Suhail Zaheer|title=Gorakhpur|url=https://www.suhaillaripakistan.com/chapters/Gorakhpur/|access-date=25 January 2021|website=Suhail Lari Pakistan|language=en|archive-date=31 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210131121213/https://www.suhaillaripakistan.com/chapters/Gorakhpur/}}</ref>

[[1946 Indian provincial elections]]: Zahirul Hasnain was re-elected to the U.P. Assembly in 1946 and became Deputy Leader of the Opposition (1946-1948). It is noteworthy that the 1946 election was fought with a different strategy under Zahirul Hasnain as a member of the parliamentary board of the Muslim League.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Chapter, Creating a New Medina State Power, Islam, and the Quest for Pakistan in Late Colonial North India, In book Creating a New Medina Published online: 18 December 2014|author=Venkat Dhulipala|pages=389–461 |publisher=Cambridge University Press|doi=10.1017/CBO9781107280380.010 }}</ref> The result of this election was astonishing (e.g. [[United Provinces (1937–50)|United Provinces]] ||66||54||82%). In general, the Muslim League with the new strategy won the most seats from Muslim reserved seats in every province including Muslim-majority provinces, Punjab, and Bengal.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Barbara D. Metcalf |author2=Thomas R. Metcalf |year=2012 |title=A Concise History of Modern India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c7UgAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA212 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=213– |isbn=978-0-511-24558-9}}</ref> Therefore, the 1946 election would effectively form a referendum if the Indian Muslims were to vote on the creation of Pakistan. In this connection, it was noted that Z.H. Lari, deputy leader of the opposition, intervened in the United Province assembly on the unity issue.<ref>{{cite book|title=chapter,7 7 In the Shadow of Partition - Oxford Academic, in book From Pluralism to Separatism: Qasbas in Colonial Awadh|author=Mushirul Hasan|year=2007|pages=245–278|doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195693232.003.0007}} retrieved 29 Dec 2023</ref>

[[Constituent Assembly of India]]: The British government planned an early election in provinces in 1946. It was planned that these provincial assemblies then elect a new Constituent Assembly before the independence of India. Zahirul Hasnain Lari was appointed to the Constituent Assembly from the [[United Provinces (1937–1950)|United Provinces]] on a Muslim League ticket.<ref>Z.H. Lari{{cite web|title=The Constitution Framers|url=https://www.constitutionofindia.net/the-constitution-framers/}}bottom row</ref> He made important interventions in the debates on cultural, educational rights of minorities, the right to life and liberty, and equal opportunity. The example of some of the interventions mentioned above is referred to here.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Where's the party?: towards a constitutional biography of |journal=Indian Law Review|year=2019|volume=3|doi=10.1080/24730580.2019.1611179|s2cid=165053562 }} retrieved 31 Dec 2023</ref><ref>{{cite web| title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF INDIA DEBATES ( …|url=https://sansad.in/uploads/const_Assmbly_Debates_Volume7_29_November1948_fcd40ac246.pdf?updated_at=2022-09-15T06:41:42.873Z}}Amendment No. 382. Mr. Z. H. Lari</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Directive principles and the expressive accommodation of ideological dissenters|author= Tarunabh Khaitan|journal=International Journal of Constitutional Law|year=2018|volume=16|issue=2|pages=389–420|doi=10.1093/icon/moy025|hdl=11343/230897|hdl-access=free}}intervention by Lari</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY DEBATES|url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/763009/1/cad_23-11-1948.pdf}}Z.H.Lari intervention</ref>

==Migration==
Zahirul Hasnain Lari resigned from the Assembly in 1949. In May 1950, Lari migrated to Pakistan. He was appointed as the additional judge of the Sindh Chief Court till December 1952. Later, he resigned from this post to join the Karachi bar.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lari|first=Suhail Zaheer|title=Migration|url=https://www.suhaillaripakistan.com/chapters/Migration/ |access-date=27 January 2021|archive-date=27 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127055405/https://www.suhaillaripakistan.com/chapters/Migration/ }}</ref>

==Death==
Zahirul Hasnain Lari died on 13 March 1972 in Karachi.

==See also==
*[[Nasreen Jalil]], Pakistani senator
*[[Yasmeen Lari]], the first female architect in Pakistan

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Pakistan Movement}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zahirul Hasnain Lari}}
[[Category:1907 births]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Pakistan Movement]]
[[Category:Pakistani Sunni Muslims]]
[[Category:Muhajir people]]
[[Category:All-India Muslim League politicians]]
[[Category:Pakistan Movement activists from the United Provinces]]
[[Category:Politicians from Karachi]]
[[Category:People from Gorakhpur]]
[[Category:Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Pakistan Movement]]
[[Category:1972 deaths]]
[[Category:Aligarh Muslim University alumni]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to Pakistan]]

Zahirul Hasnain Lari - Revision history

WilmerLassetter: made new info