Yashwant Sinha - Revision history

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	'''Yashwant Sinha''' (born 6 November 1937) is a former Indian administrator, politician and a former [[Minister of Finance]] (1990–1991 under Prime Minister [[Chandra Shekhar]] and March 1998 – July 2002 under Prime Minister [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] and [[Minister of External Affairs]] July 2002 – May 2004).<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2077483.stm \|work=BBC News\| title=Indian government reshuffled \|access-date=30 September 2007 \|date=1 July 2002}}</ref> He was a senior leader of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] before he quit the party on 21 April 2018.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=Yashwant Sinha Quits BJP, Says India's Democracy Is In Danger\|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/yashwant-sinha-quits-bjp-says-taking-sanyas-from-party-politics-1840800\|website=NDTV.com\|access-date=30 April 2020}}</ref> He joined [[All India Trinamool Congress]] on 13 March 2021.		'''Yashwant Sinha''' (born 6 November 1937) is a former Indian administrator, politician and a former [[Minister of Finance (India)#Lists of Finance Ministers\|Minister of Finance]] (1990–1991 under Prime Minister [[Chandra Shekhar]] and March 1998 – July 2002 under Prime Minister [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]) and [[Minister of External Affairs]] (July 2002 – May 2004).<ref>{{cite news \|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2077483.stm \|work=BBC News\| title=Indian government reshuffled \|access-date=30 September 2007 \|date=1 July 2002}}</ref> He was a senior leader of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] before he quit the party on 21 April 2018.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|title=Yashwant Sinha Quits BJP, Says India's Democracy Is In Danger\|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/yashwant-sinha-quits-bjp-says-taking-sanyas-from-party-politics-1840800\|website=NDTV.com\|access-date=30 April 2020}}</ref> He joined [[All India Trinamool Congress]] on 13 March 2021.

	In 2015, he was awarded [[Legion of Honour\|Officier de la Légion d’Honneur]], the highest civilian distinction of [[France]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ambafrance-in.org/French-Distinction-conferred-on-Yashwant-Sinha \| title=French Distinction Conferred on Yashwant Sinha \|access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>		In 2015, he was awarded [[Legion of Honour\|Officier de la Légion d’Honneur]], the highest civilian distinction of [[France]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.ambafrance-in.org/French-Distinction-conferred-on-Yashwant-Sinha \| title=French Distinction Conferred on Yashwant Sinha \|access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>

	== Early life ==		== Early life ==
	Sinha was born in a Kayastha family in [[Patna]], Bihar.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Yashwant.\|first=Sinha,\|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1109811023\|title=Relentless : an Autobiography of Yashwant Sinha.\|date=2019\|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing India Pvt. Ltd\|isbn=978-93-86950-36-9\|oclc=1109811023}}</ref> He received his master's degree in [[political science]] in 1958.<ref name="Embassy profile"/> Subsequently, he taught the subject at the [[University of Patna]] till 1962.		Sinha was born in a [[Chitraguptavanshi Kayastha\|Kayastha]] family in [[Patna]], Bihar.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Yashwant.\|first=Sinha\|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1109811023\|title=Relentless : an Autobiography of Yashwant Sinha.\|date=2019\|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing India Pvt. Ltd\|isbn=978-93-86950-36-9\|oclc=1109811023}}</ref> He received his master's degree in [[political science]] in 1958.<ref name="Embassy profile"/> Subsequently, he taught the subject at the [[University of Patna]] till 1962.

	== Civil Service career ==		== Civil Service career ==
	Sinha joined the [[Indian Administrative Service]] in 1960 and spent over 24 years holding important posts during his service tenure. He served as [[Sub-Divisional Magistrate]] and [[District Magistrate]] for 4 years. He was Under Secretary and Deputy Secretary in the Finance Department of the [[Bihar]] Government for 2 years after which he worked in the [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)\|Ministry of Commerce]] as Deputy Secretary to the [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Prasad, Anuja\|first=Gireesh Chandra\|date=2018-12-31\|title=I know I am putting the political career of my son in jeopardy: Yashwant Sinha\|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/hXZFRY8fNo8WjL29BhxNvO/I-know-I-am-putting-the-political-career-of-my-son-in-jeopar.html\|access-date=2021-07-02\|website=mint\|language=en}}</ref>		Sinha joined the [[Indian Administrative Service]] in 1960 and spent over 24 years holding important posts during his service tenure. He served as [[Sub-Divisional Magistrate]] and [[District Magistrate]] for 4 years. He was Under Secretary and Deputy Secretary in the Finance Department of the [[Bihar]] Government for 2 years after which he worked in the [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)\|Ministry of Commerce]] as Deputy Secretary to the [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Prasad, Anuja\|first=Gireesh Chandra\|date=2018-12-31\|title=I know I am putting the political career of my son in jeopardy: Yashwant Sinha\|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/hXZFRY8fNo8WjL29BhxNvO/I-know-I-am-putting-the-political-career-of-my-son-in-jeopar.html\|access-date=2021-07-02\|website=mint\|language=en}}</ref>

	From 1971 to 1973, he was [[First Secretary (diplomatic rank)\|First Secretary]] (Commercial) in the Indian Embassy, [[Bonn]], [[West Germany\|Germany]]. Subsequently, he worked as Consul General of India in Frankfurt from 1973 to 1974. After working for over seven years in this field, he acquired experience in matters relating to foreign trade and [[India]]'s relations with the [[European Economic Community]]. Thereafter, he worked in the Department of Industrial Infrastructure, Government of Bihar State and in the Ministry of Industry, Government of India dealing with foreign industrial collaborations, technology imports, intellectual property rights, and industrial approvals. {{~~Citation needed~~\|date=~~May 2015~~}}		From 1971 to 1973, he was [[First Secretary (diplomatic rank)\|First Secretary]] (Commercial) in the Indian Embassy, [[Bonn]], [[West Germany\|Germany]]. Subsequently, he worked as Consul General of India in Frankfurt from 1973 to 1974.<ref>{{Cite web\|last1=DelhiNovember 6\|first1=India Today Online New\|last2=March 1\|first2=2012UPDATED\|last3=Ist\|first3=2013 00:35\|title=Who is Yashwant Sinha?\|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/who-is-yashwant-sinha-120679-2012-11-06\|access-date=2021-09-02\|website=India Today\|language=en}}</ref> After working for over seven years in this field, he acquired experience in matters relating to foreign trade and [[India]]'s relations with the [[European Economic Community]]. Thereafter, he worked in the Department of Industrial Infrastructure, Government of Bihar State and in the Ministry of Industry, Government of India dealing with foreign industrial collaborations, technology imports, intellectual property rights, and industrial approvals. <ref>{{Cite web\|date=2004-06-22\|title=Yashwant Sinha: A brief profile\|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/yashwant-sinha-a-brief-profile/story-AfxqjbFA9eR5i1QQiMkFdM.html\|access-date=2021-09-02\|website=Hindustan Times\|language=en}}</ref>

	He later was [[Joint Secretary to Government of India]] in the [[Ministry of Surface Transport (India)\|Ministry of Surface Transport]] from 1980 to 1984, his main responsibilities were road transport, ports, and shipping. He resigned from service in 1984.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/fate-has-never-made-available-the-low-lying-fruit-for-me/cid/606407\|title= Yashwant Sinha – The Telegraph\|website=The Telegraph\|location=Kolkota\|access-date=6 November 2019}}</ref>		He later was [[Joint Secretary to Government of India]] in the [[Ministry of Surface Transport (India)\|Ministry of Surface Transport]] from 1980 to 1984, his main responsibilities were road transport, ports, and shipping. He resigned from service in 1984.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/fate-has-never-made-available-the-low-lying-fruit-for-me/cid/606407\|title= Yashwant Sinha – The Telegraph\|website=The Telegraph\|location=Kolkota\|access-date=6 November 2019}}</ref>
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	== Accolades ==		== Accolades ==
	On 25 April 2015, The French Government honoured him with the highest French civilian distinction of Officier de la Légion d’Honneur (Officer of the Legion of Honour). It was bestowed upon him in recognition of his work as Union Minister of Finance, Minister of External Foreign Affairs and for his invaluable contribution to international issues.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Highest French Distinction conferred on Mr Yashwant Sinha\|url=https://in.ambafrance.org/French-Distinction-conferred-on-Yashwant-Sinha\|access-date=2021-08-29\|website=La France en Inde / France in India\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2015-04-28\|title=Yashwant Sinha honoured with Officier de la Légion ~~d’Honneur~~ by French Government\|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/yashwant-sinha-honoured-with-officier-de-la-lgion-dhonneur-by-french-government-1430211301-1\|access-date=2021-08-29\|website=Jagranjosh.com}}</ref> While presenting the Honour to Sinha, French Ambassador to India François Richier said as Minister of External Affairs, and Chair of the Indo-French Parliamentary Friendship Group since its very inception (2009–2014), Sinha contributed to the deepening of the Indo-French strategic partnership, launched during the visit of [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] in Paris (September 1998) and the development of ties between France and India. Created in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte, the [[Legion of Honour]] is the highest civilian award given by the [[French Republic]] for outstanding service to France, regardless of the nationality of the recipients.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Yashwant Sinha gets fourth highest French Honour\|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/yashwant-sinha-gets-highest-french-honour.html\|access-date=16 November 2020\|website=www.dailypioneer.com}}</ref>		On 25 April 2015, The French Government honoured him with the highest French civilian distinction of Officier de la Légion d’Honneur (Officer of the Legion of Honour). It was bestowed upon him in recognition of his work as Union Minister of Finance, Minister of External Foreign Affairs and for his invaluable contribution to international issues.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Highest French Distinction conferred on Mr Yashwant Sinha\|url=https://in.ambafrance.org/French-Distinction-conferred-on-Yashwant-Sinha\|access-date=2021-08-29\|website=La France en Inde / France in India\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2015-04-28\|title=Yashwant Sinha honoured with Officier de la Légion d'Honneur by French Government\|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/yashwant-sinha-honoured-with-officier-de-la-lgion-dhonneur-by-french-government-1430211301-1\|access-date=2021-08-29\|website=Jagranjosh.com}}</ref> While presenting the Honour to Sinha, French Ambassador to India François Richier said as Minister of External Affairs, and Chair of the Indo-French Parliamentary Friendship Group since its very inception (2009–2014), Sinha contributed to the deepening of the Indo-French strategic partnership, launched during the visit of [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] in Paris (September 1998) and the development of ties between France and India. Created in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte, the [[Legion of Honour]] is the highest civilian award given by the [[French Republic]] for outstanding service to France, regardless of the nationality of the recipients.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Yashwant Sinha gets fourth highest French Honour\|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/yashwant-sinha-gets-highest-french-honour.html\|access-date=16 November 2020\|website=www.dailypioneer.com}}</ref>

	== Personal life ==		== Personal life ==
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	== Allegations ==		== Allegations ==
	In his autobiography ''Drohkaal ka Pathik'', released in November 2013, former MP [[Pappu Yadav]] alleged that three MPs of his Indian Federal Democratic Party got money from the then finance minister Sinha, to join the NDA in 2001.<ref>D K Singh (27 November 2013) [http://www.indianexpress.com/news/pappu-s-memoirs-payoffs-from-upa---nda/1200046/ Pappu Yadav in memoir: Both Cong, BJP offered MPs Rs 40 crore each]. ''The Indian Express''</ref>		In his autobiography ''Drohkaal ka Pathik'', released in November 2013, former MP [[Pappu Yadav]] alleged that three MPs of his Indian Federal Democratic Party got money from the then finance minister Sinha, to join the NDA in 2001.<ref>D K Singh (27 November 2013) [http://www.indianexpress.com/news/pappu-s-memoirs-payoffs-from-upa---nda/1200046/ Pappu Yadav in memoir: Both Cong, BJP offered MPs Rs 40 crore each]. ''The Indian Express''</ref>
	Also there were allegations against Yashwant Sinha, that he was involved in the UTI scam.<ref>{{Cite news \| url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/why-this-madness-now-mr-yashwant-sinha-113092400998_1.html \|title = Why this madness now, Mr Yashwant Sinha?\|newspaper = Business Standard India\|date = 8 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=Business News Live, Share Market News – Read Latest Finance News, IPO, Mutual Funds News\|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/\|access-date=16 November 2020\|website=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=rediff.com: Money column: The UTI fiasco: So who is responsible?\|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2002/aug/10paran.htm\|access-date=16 November 2020\|website=www.rediff.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/lessons-from-jaswant-yashwant-adapt-to-survive-in-the-new-bjp-1458493.html \| title=Lessons from Jaswant, Yashwant: Adapt to survive in the new BJP\| date=31 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \| url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/07/13/stories/03130007.htm \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030224222426/http://thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/07/13/stories/03130007.htm \| url-status=dead \| archive-date=24 February 2003 \| newspaper=[[The Hindu]] \|title = Swamy wants Sinha to resign\|date = 13 July 2001}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1040409/asp/jharkhand/story_3103603.asp \| title=Court notice to Sinha on UTI scam}}</ref>		Also there were allegations against Yashwant Sinha, that he was involved in the UTI scam.<ref>{{Cite news \| url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/why-this-madness-now-mr-yashwant-sinha-113092400998_1.html \|title = Why this madness now, Mr Yashwant Sinha?\|newspaper = Business Standard India\|date = 8 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=rediff.com: Money column: The UTI fiasco: So who is responsible?\|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2002/aug/10paran.htm\|access-date=16 November 2020\|website=www.rediff.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/lessons-from-jaswant-yashwant-adapt-to-survive-in-the-new-bjp-1458493.html \| title=Lessons from Jaswant, Yashwant: Adapt to survive in the new BJP\| date=31 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \| url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/07/13/stories/03130007.htm \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030224222426/http://thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/07/13/stories/03130007.htm \| url-status=dead \| archive-date=24 February 2003 \| newspaper=[[The Hindu]] \|title = Swamy wants Sinha to resign\|date = 13 July 2001}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1040409/asp/jharkhand/story_3103603.asp \| title=Court notice to Sinha on UTI scam}}</ref>

	On 4 April 2017, Sinha was detained in [[Hazaribagh district]] along with BJP MLA Manish Jaiswal and 150 others after trying to hold a religious procession. On police stopping them, his supporters protested and allegedly threw stones at the police.<ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.india.com/news/agencies/yashwant-sinha-bjp-mla-held-in-jharkhand-1992499/ \| title=Yashwant Sinha, BJP MLA held in Jharkhand\| date=4 April 2017}}</ref>		On 4 April 2017, Sinha was detained in [[Hazaribagh district]] along with BJP MLA Manish Jaiswal and 150 others after trying to hold a religious procession. On police stopping them, his supporters protested and allegedly threw stones at the police.<ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.india.com/news/agencies/yashwant-sinha-bjp-mla-held-in-jharkhand-1992499/ \| title=Yashwant Sinha, BJP MLA held in Jharkhand\| date=4 April 2017}}</ref>

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{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Yashwant Sinha
| image =Yashwant Sinha IMF.jpg
| caption = Yashwant Sinha in 2000
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1937|11|6}}<ref name="Embassy profile"/>
| birth_place = [[Patna]], [[Bihar Province]], [[British Raj|British India]] (modern-day [[Bihar]], [[India]])<ref name="Embassy profile">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianembassy.org/special/cabinet/sinha.htm |title=Yashwant Sinha, a profile:Finance Minister, Government of India |access-date=30 September 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927212732/http://www.indianembassy.org/special/cabinet/sinha.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>
| residence = New Delhi, India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| constituency =
| order =
| governor =
| office2 = [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Minister of External Affairs]]
| primeminister2 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| term_start2 = 1 July 2002
| term_end2 = 22 May 2004
| predecessor2 = [[Jaswant Singh]]
| successor2 = [[Natwar Singh]]
| spouse = Nilima Sinha
| children = [[Jayant Sinha]] [[Sumant Sinha]]
| office3 = [[Ministry of Finance (India)|Minister of Finance]]
| term_start3 = 5 December 1998
| term_end3 = 1 July 2002
| primeminister3 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| predecessor3 = [[P. Chidambaram]]
| successor3 = [[Jaswant Singh]]
| office4 =
| term_start4 = 10 November 1990
| term_end4 = 5 June 1991
| primeminister4 = [[Chandra Shekhar]]
| predecessor4 = [[Madhu Dandavate]]
| successor4 = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| nationality = [[Indian nationality|Indian]]
| footnotes =
| occupation = Civil service, politician
| party = [[All India Trinamool Congress]] (2021-present)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/west-bengal/mamata-offered-to-go-to-kandahar-in-exchange-of-hostages-yashwant-sinha/articleshow/81482936.cms | title=Mamata offered herself in exchange for Kandahar hostages: Yashwant Sinha | work=[[The Times of India]] | date=13 March 2021 | access-date=13 March 2021}}</ref>
| otherparty = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (1992–2018) [[Janata Party]], (1984–1991)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.india.gov.in/govt/loksabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=464 | title=Detailed Profile: Shri Yashwant Sinha | publisher=India.gov.in | access-date=29 December 2018}}</ref>
| awards = [[Legion of Honour|Officier de la Légion d’Honneur]] (2015)
| website = {{url|yashwantsinha.in}}
| office1 = [[Vice President]] of [[All India Trinamool Congress]]
| predecessor1 = [[Dinesh Trivedi]]
| leader1 = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
| president1 = [[Subrata Bakshi]]
| general_secretary1 = [[Abhisek Banerjee]]
| term_start1 = 15 March 2021
| office5 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| term_start5 = 1998
| term_end5 = 2009
| predecessor5 = [[M. L. Vishwakarma]]
| successor5 = [[Jayant Sinha]]
| constituency5 = [[Hazaribagh]]
| office6 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| term_start6 = 1988
| term_end6 = 1994
}}
'''Yashwant Sinha''' (born 6 November 1937) is a former Indian administrator, politician and a former [[Minister of Finance]] (1990–1991 under Prime Minister [[Chandra Shekhar]] and March 1998 – July 2002 under Prime Minister [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] and [[Minister of External Affairs]] July 2002 – May 2004).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2077483.stm |work=BBC News| title=Indian government reshuffled |access-date=30 September 2007 |date=1 July 2002}}</ref> He was a senior leader of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] before he quit the party on 21 April 2018.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Yashwant Sinha Quits BJP, Says India's Democracy Is In Danger|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/yashwant-sinha-quits-bjp-says-taking-sanyas-from-party-politics-1840800|website=NDTV.com|access-date=30 April 2020}}</ref> He joined [[All India Trinamool Congress]] on 13 March 2021.

In 2015, he was awarded [[Legion of Honour|Officier de la Légion d’Honneur]], the highest civilian distinction of [[France]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ambafrance-in.org/French-Distinction-conferred-on-Yashwant-Sinha | title=French Distinction Conferred on Yashwant Sinha |access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Sinha was born in a Kayastha family in [[Patna]], Bihar.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Yashwant.|first=Sinha,|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1109811023|title=Relentless : an Autobiography of Yashwant Sinha.|date=2019|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing India Pvt. Ltd|isbn=978-93-86950-36-9|oclc=1109811023}}</ref> He received his master's degree in [[political science]] in 1958.<ref name="Embassy profile"/> Subsequently, he taught the subject at the [[University of Patna]] till 1962.

== Civil Service career ==
Sinha joined the [[Indian Administrative Service]] in 1960 and spent over 24 years holding important posts during his service tenure. He served as [[Sub-Divisional Magistrate]] and [[District Magistrate]] for 4 years. He was Under Secretary and Deputy Secretary in the Finance Department of the [[Bihar]] Government for 2 years after which he worked in the [[Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)|Ministry of Commerce]] as Deputy Secretary to the [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Prasad, Anuja|first=Gireesh Chandra|date=2018-12-31|title=I know I am putting the political career of my son in jeopardy: Yashwant Sinha|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/hXZFRY8fNo8WjL29BhxNvO/I-know-I-am-putting-the-political-career-of-my-son-in-jeopar.html|access-date=2021-07-02|website=mint|language=en}}</ref>

From 1971 to 1973, he was [[First Secretary (diplomatic rank)|First Secretary]] (Commercial) in the Indian Embassy, [[Bonn]], [[West Germany|Germany]]. Subsequently, he worked as Consul General of India in Frankfurt from 1973 to 1974. After working for over seven years in this field, he acquired experience in matters relating to foreign trade and [[India]]'s relations with the [[European Economic Community]]. Thereafter, he worked in the Department of Industrial Infrastructure, Government of Bihar State and in the Ministry of Industry, Government of India dealing with foreign industrial collaborations, technology imports, intellectual property rights, and industrial approvals. {{Citation needed|date=May 2015}}

He later was [[Joint Secretary to Government of India]] in the [[Ministry of Surface Transport (India)|Ministry of Surface Transport]] from 1980 to 1984, his main responsibilities were road transport, ports, and shipping. He resigned from service in 1984.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/fate-has-never-made-available-the-low-lying-fruit-for-me/cid/606407|title= Yashwant Sinha – The Telegraph|website=The Telegraph|location=Kolkota|access-date=6 November 2019}}</ref>

== Political career ==

=== Janata Dal ===
Sinha resigned from the Indian Administrative Service in 1984 and joined active politics as a member of the [[Janata Party]]. He was appointed All-India General secretary of the party in 1986 and was elected Member of the [[Rajya Sabha]] (Upper House of the [[Parliament of India|Indian Parliament]]) in 1988.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sinha|first=Yashwant|date=5 January 2019|title=Yashwant Sinha asks in his latest book: Where are the jobs?|url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/book-extract/yashwant-sinha-asks-in-his-latest-book-where-are-the-jobs|url-status=live|archive-url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/yashwant-sinha-no-one-trusts-this-govt-which-is-trying-to-humiliate-muslims-by-excluding-them|archive-date=14 March 2020|access-date=16 November 2020|website=National Herald|language=en}}</ref>

When the [[Janata Dal]] was formed in 1989, he was appointed General Secretary of the party. He worked as Minister of Finance from November 1990 to June 1991 in [[Chandra Shekhar]]'s Cabinet.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yashwant Sinha {{!}} Biography & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Yashwant-Sinha|access-date=16 November 2020|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref>

=== BJP ===
He became the National Spokesperson of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in June 1996. He was elected to Lok Sabha as a BJP candidate from [[Hazaribagh (Lok Sabha constituency)]] in 1998, 1999, and 2009. He was appointed finance minister in March 1998. He was appointed as Minister for External Affairs on 1 July 2002. In the [[Lok Sabha]] elections of 2004, he was defeated in [[Hazaribagh]] Constituency by the able efforts of Prashant Sahay grandson of [[K B Sahay]] who later saved his life as well. He re-entered the Parliament in 2005. On 13 June 2009, he resigned from the post of vice-president of BJP.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/yashwant-sinha-quits-as-bjp-vice-president/94816-37.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616064128/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/yashwant-sinha-quits-as-bjp-vice-president/94816-37.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 June 2009 |title=Yashwant Sinha quits as BJP vice president |publisher=Ibnlive.in.com |date=13 June 2009 |access-date=4 July 2013}}</ref> In 2018, he quit the BJP citing the "party's condition" and that "democracy in India is in great danger".<ref name=":0" />

=== TMC ===
On 13 March 2021, he joined [[All India Trinamool Congress|TMC]] to fight against [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] just before the 2021 West Bengal Assembly Election. On 15 March 2021 he was appointed vice president of the Mamata Banerjee-led party.

== Finance minister ==
[[Image:Yashwant Sinha - World Economic Forum on East Asia 2008.jpg|thumb|left|Sinha speaking at [[World Economic Forum]] on East Asia in 2008]]

Sinha was the [[finance minister]] until 1 July 2002, when he exchanged jobs with foreign minister [[Jaswant Singh]]. Sinha, during his tenure, was forced to roll back some of his government's major policy initiatives for which he was much criticised.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.samachar.com/features/290402-sify.html |title=A welcome rollback |work=Free Press Journal |date=29 April 2002 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050209055647/http://www.samachar.com/features/290402-sify.html |archive-date=9 February 2005 }}</ref> Still, Sinha is widely credited for pushing through several major reform measures that put the Indian economy on a firm growth trajectory. Among them are lowering of real interest rates, introducing tax deduction for mortgage interest, freeing up the telecommunications sector, helping fund the [[National Highways Authority of India|National Highways Authority]], and deregulating the petroleum industry. Sinha is also known for being the first Finance Minister to break the 53-year tradition of presenting the [[Union budget of India|Indian budget]] at 5 pm local time, a practice held over from British Rule days that sought to present the Indian budget at a time convenient to the British Parliament (1130am GMT) rather than India's Parliament.

Sinha has written a comprehensive account of his years as Finance Minister titled ''Confessions of a Swadeshi Reformer''.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=onp5GQAACAAJ| title=Confessions of a Swadeshi reformer at publisher site | access-date=4 November 2008}}</ref>

Yashwant Sinha has been accused by opponents, and by other political observers of trying to promote nepotism by nominating his son [[Jayant Sinha]] as a successor to contest from Hazaribagh overlooking the interests of many other loyal party workers, though he tried to justify the nomination of his son as a party decision.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/04/corrosive-effect-india-dynasty--201447102553269423.html |title = What lies behind the corrosive effect of dynasty? | Al Jazeera}}</ref>

== Accolades ==
On 25 April 2015, The French Government honoured him with the highest French civilian distinction of Officier de la Légion d’Honneur (Officer of the Legion of Honour). It was bestowed upon him in recognition of his work as Union Minister of Finance, Minister of External Foreign Affairs and for his invaluable contribution to international issues.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Highest French Distinction conferred on Mr Yashwant Sinha|url=https://in.ambafrance.org/French-Distinction-conferred-on-Yashwant-Sinha|access-date=2021-08-29|website=La France en Inde / France in India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-04-28|title=Yashwant Sinha honoured with Officier de la Légion d’Honneur by French Government|url=https://www.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/yashwant-sinha-honoured-with-officier-de-la-lgion-dhonneur-by-french-government-1430211301-1|access-date=2021-08-29|website=Jagranjosh.com}}</ref> While presenting the Honour to Sinha, French Ambassador to India François Richier said as Minister of External Affairs, and Chair of the Indo-French Parliamentary Friendship Group since its very inception (2009–2014), Sinha contributed to the deepening of the Indo-French strategic partnership, launched during the visit of [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] in Paris (September 1998) and the development of ties between France and India. Created in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte, the [[Legion of Honour]] is the highest civilian award given by the [[French Republic]] for outstanding service to France, regardless of the nationality of the recipients.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yashwant Sinha gets fourth highest French Honour|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/nation/yashwant-sinha-gets-highest-french-honour.html|access-date=16 November 2020|website=www.dailypioneer.com}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Sinha was born in a bihari kayastha family and has a wide range of interests including reading, gardening and meeting people. He has widely travelled and has led a number of political and social delegations. He played a leading role in many negotiations on behalf of India.{{citation needed|date=September 2014}} Sinha's wife is Nilima Sinha, one of India's leading children's writers and President, Association of Writers and Illustrators for Children.<ref name=goog-book-superle>{{cite book |last1=Superle |first1=Michelle |title=Literature: Representations of Nation, Culture, and the New Indian Girl |date=2011 |publisher=Routledge |location=New York |isbn=9781136720871 |pages=27 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=COKrAgAAQBAJ&q=Nilima+Sinha+husband&pg=PA27|access-date=4 September 2014}}</ref> They have a daughter, Sharmila, and two sons: [[Jayant Sinha]] and [[Sumant Sinha]].

Sinha blogs under the title ''Musings of a Swadeshi Reformer''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.yashwantsinha.in/| title=Musings of a Swadeshi Reformer |publisher=Yashwantsinha.in | access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref> He has co-authored the book ''[[India Unmade]]'' with [[Aditya Sinha]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/books-reviews/india-unmade-how-the-modi-government-broke-the-economy-review-dissenting-voice/article26035678.ece|title='India Unmade – How the Modi Government Broke the Economy' review: Dissenting voice|last=Subramanian|first=Kandaswami|date=19 January 2019|work=The Hindu|access-date=26 November 2019|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Allegations ==
In his autobiography ''Drohkaal ka Pathik'', released in November 2013, former MP [[Pappu Yadav]] alleged that three MPs of his Indian Federal Democratic Party got money from the then finance minister Sinha, to join the NDA in 2001.<ref>D K Singh (27 November 2013) [http://www.indianexpress.com/news/pappu-s-memoirs-payoffs-from-upa---nda/1200046/ Pappu Yadav in memoir: Both Cong, BJP offered MPs Rs 40 crore each]. ''The Indian Express''</ref>
Also there were allegations against Yashwant Sinha, that he was involved in the UTI scam.<ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/why-this-madness-now-mr-yashwant-sinha-113092400998_1.html |title = Why this madness now, Mr Yashwant Sinha?|newspaper = Business Standard India|date = 8 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Business News Live, Share Market News – Read Latest Finance News, IPO, Mutual Funds News|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/|access-date=16 November 2020|website=The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=rediff.com: Money column: The UTI fiasco: So who is responsible?|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2002/aug/10paran.htm|access-date=16 November 2020|website=www.rediff.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/lessons-from-jaswant-yashwant-adapt-to-survive-in-the-new-bjp-1458493.html | title=Lessons from Jaswant, Yashwant: Adapt to survive in the new BJP| date=31 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/07/13/stories/03130007.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030224222426/http://thehindu.com/thehindu/2001/07/13/stories/03130007.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=24 February 2003 | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |title = Swamy wants Sinha to resign|date = 13 July 2001}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1040409/asp/jharkhand/story_3103603.asp | title=Court notice to Sinha on UTI scam}}</ref>

On 4 April 2017, Sinha was detained in [[Hazaribagh district]] along with BJP MLA Manish Jaiswal and 150 others after trying to hold a religious procession. On police stopping them, his supporters protested and allegedly threw stones at the police.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.india.com/news/agencies/yashwant-sinha-bjp-mla-held-in-jharkhand-1992499/ | title=Yashwant Sinha, BJP MLA held in Jharkhand| date=4 April 2017}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{succession box|
before=[[Madhu Dandavate]]|
title=[[Finance Minister of India|Minister of Finance]]|
years=November 1990 – June 1991|
after=[[Manmohan Singh]]
}}
{{succession box|
before=[[P. Chidambaram]]|
title=[[Finance Minister of India|Minister of Finance]]|
years=March 1998 – July 2002|
after=[[Jaswant Singh]]
}}
{{succession box|
before=[[Jaswant Singh]]|
title=[[Indian Foreign Minister|Minister for External Affairs]]|
years=July 2002 – May 2004|
after=[[Natwar Singh]]
}}
{{s-prec|india}}
{{s-bef|before=Unknown}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Indian order of precedence|Order of Precedence of India]] ''as Joint Secretary to Government of India''|years=1980–1984}}
{{s-aft|after=Unknown}}
{{s-end}}
{{Ministry of Finance (India)}}
{{External Affairs Ministers of India}}{{Finance Ministers of India}}{{Authority control}}

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