Abesh Purkait: Created the article w/ infobox

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Created the article w/ infobox

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{{Use Indian English|date=January 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox park
| name = Yamuna biodiversity park
| photo =
| photo_caption =
| map_width = 208
| type = Natural area
| location = Jagatpur Khadar, Wazirabad, [[Delhi]]
| nearest_city = Sangam Vihar
| coords = {{coord|28.7341761|N|77.2146663|E|region:IN-HR_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| created = {{Start date|2015}}
| area = 457 Acres
| operator = [[Delhi Development Authority]]
| visitation_num =
| status = Open
| designation =
| open =
}}
'''Yamuna Biodiversity Park''',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/the-butterfly-park-in-yamuna-biodiversity-park/articleshow/7056163.cms |title=The Butterfly Park in Yamuna Biodiversity Park |last=Koner |first=Kamalkant |date=2010-12-07 |work=The Economic Times |location=India |language=en |access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref> located on [[Yamuna]] river front is a 457 acres biodiversity area in [[Delhi]], India.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/yamuna-biodiversity-park-leopard-captured-to-be-taken-out-of-delhi-4421121/ |title=Yamuna Biodiversity Park: Leopard captured, to be taken out of capital |date=2016-12-11 |work=The Indian Express |location=India |language=en-IN |access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/a-wildlife-success-story-leopard-caught-on-camera-at-yamuna-biodiversity-park/story-AeEIDhuDIuybz0fAeqx2LM.html |title=A wildlife success story? Leopard caught on camera at Yamuna Biodiversity Park |date=2016-11-23 |work=[[Hindustan Times]]|location=India |language=en |access-date=2019-01-16}}</ref><ref name=dec1>[https://www.deccanherald.com/content/496978/sscientists-engaged-develop-four-biodiversity.html Scientists engaged to develop four biodiversity parks], ''Deccan Herald'', 23 August 2015.</ref><ref name=newbio2>[https://dda.org.in/greens/biodiv/aravalli-biodiversity-park.html DDA biodiversity parks].</ref> It is developed by Delhi Development Authority (DDA) with the technical help of Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystems (CEMDE), University of Delhi.<ref>{{cite book
|last=Jain
|first=Ashok Kumar
|date=2009
|title=Low Carbon City: Policy, Planning and Practice
|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=DNg39u56pIAC
|location= India
|publisher=Discovery Publishing House
|page= 329
|isbn=978-8183564687

}}</ref> It serves as an ideal alternative habitat for migratory and resident bird species. It also is designed to conserve the wild [[genetic resources]] of agricultural crops and enhance [[groundwater recharge]] and augment freshwater availability.

==History==


{{Wildlife of India}}

Delhi has 7554 hectares of fragmented forests which are deprived of wild animals due to unplanned urbanisation, and of the 400 wetlands, fewer than 3 or 4 were left. In 2015, Delhi already had [[Aravali Biodiversity Park, Gurgaon|Aravalli Biodiversity Park]] and Yamuna biodiversity park. [[Delhi Development Authority]] (DDA) engaged the scientist of [[Delhi University]] to develop four more biodiversity parks in Delhi, including the Northern ridge biodiversity park (Kamla Nehru Ridge), [[Tilpath Valley Biodiversity Park]], [[Neela Hauz biodiversity park]] and Phase 2 of the Yamuna Biodiversity Park.<ref name=dec1/> Phase I of Yamuna biodiversity park focused on barren floodplains commenced in 2005 and phase-2 focused on the active floodplains commenced in 2015.<ref name=newbio1/>

==Restoration==
In 2005 restoration of floodplains of Yamuna commenced, which had been lying barren due to [[Soil salinity|sodic soil]] making it difficult for plants to grow. In Phase-I, 157 acres ecosystem was restored by developing two wetlands, a grassland and forest communities. Native plant species were reintroduced to reduce the salt content in the soil.<ref name=newbio1>[http://www.millenniumpost.in/government-takes-steps-to-restore-biodiversity-of-kamala-nehru-ridge-41733 Government takes steps to restore biodiversity of Kamala Nehru ridge], Millennium Post, 14 October 2014.</ref> The pH level (scale of acidity) of the soil was not neutral and detrimental to the success of the native Indian plants. Researchers from Delhi University had to plant one specific species of grass that brought the pH level from 10 to seven (neutral) level.<ref name=indexp1>[https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/from-barren-land-to-rich-ecosystem-story-behind-yamuna-biodiversity-park-5743228/ From barren land to rich ecosystem: Story behind Yamuna Biodiversity Park], The Indian Express, 23 May 2019.</ref>

===Flora===
According to Prof. C R Babu of Delhi University, initially only mongooses, lizards and 31 species of birds were there in the park up until 2004.<ref name=indexp1/>
By 2014 the biodiversity park already had 900 species of native plants. The native species reintroduced included [[Adina (plant)|adina]], [[Shorea robusta|sal]], [[teak]] and [[hardwickia]].<ref name=newbio1/> As of 2019, it has about 1,500 species of plants and animals, and 200 species of birds.<ref name=indexp1/>

===Fauna===
By 2014, the wetlands was already attracting thousands of [[migratory bird]]s from Siberia, Central Asia and Europe. It had 200 species of birds, 75 species of butterflies, 10 species of snakes, and big mammals like [[porcupine]], [[small Indian civet]] and [[wild boar]]s.<ref name=newbio1/>

== See also ==
* [[Delhi Ridge]]
* [[List of National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana, India|National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries of Haryana]]
* [[Biodiversity Park, Visakhapatnam]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Delhi]]
[[Category:Forests of India]]
[[Category:2015 establishments in Delhi]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 2015]]

Yamuna Biodiversity Park - Revision history

Abesh Purkait: Created the article w/ infobox