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{{Distinguish|Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = X-ray Polarimeter Satellite
| image = X-ray Polarimeter satellite (XPoSat) in deployed configuration.jpg
| image_caption = X-ray Polarimeter satellite in deployed configuration

| mission_type = [[Space observatory]]
| operator = [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO)
| COSPAR_ID =
| SATCAT =
| website = 
| mission_duration = Planned: 5 years<ref name='GK May 2019'/>


| spacecraft = 
| spacecraft_type = 
| spacecraft_bus = [[Indian Mini Satellite bus|IMS-2]]<ref name='GK May 2019'/>
| manufacturer = [[Raman Research Institute]], [[ISRO]]
| launch_mass = 
| BOL_mass = 
| dry_mass = 
| payload_mass = {{cvt|125|kg}} <ref name='Annadurai 2019'/> 
| dimensions = 
| power = 

| launch_date = November 2021<ref>{{cite av media |people=[[S. Somanath]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfvoVMyptYI |title=An Evening with Dr. S. Somanath, Director, VSSC, Trivandrum |medium=video |time=45:09–46:04 |date=3 August 2020 |access-date=14 August 2020 |via=[[YouTube]]}} Presentation slides available [https://imgur.com/a/ffL2XRp here] via Imgur.</ref>
| launch_rocket = [[PSLV]]<ref name='Wire Mehta 2019'/>
| launch_site =
| launch_contractor = [[ISRO]]


| orbit_reference = 
| orbit_regime = 
| orbit_altitude = circular 500 to 700 km<ref name="GK May 2019"/>
| orbit_inclination = ≤30° <ref name='Annadurai 2019'/>
| orbit_period = 
| orbit_mean_motion = 
| orbit_repeat = 
| orbit_epoch = 
| apsis = gee


| instrument_type = detector 
| telescope_name = POLIX<ref name='Annadurai 2019'/>
| telescope_type = 
| telescope_diameter = 
| telescope_focal_length= 
| telescope_area = 640 cm<sup>2</sup> <ref name='Annadurai 2019'/>
| telescope_wavelength = [[X-ray astronomy|X-rays]]
| telescope_resolution = 5-30 keV <ref name='GK May 2019'/><ref name='I Exp 2019'/><ref name='Annadurai 2019'/>
| instruments = Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays (POLIX)<br>X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing (XSPECT)


| trans_band = 
| trans_frequency = 
| trans_bandwidth = 
| trans_capacity = 
| trans_coverage = 
| trans_TWTA = 
| trans_EIRP = 
| trans_HPBW = 
}}

The '''X-ray Polarimeter Satellite''' ('''XPoSat''') is a planned [[space observatory]] to study [[Polarization (waves)|polarisation]] of [[X-ray astronomy|cosmic X-rays]]. It is planned to be launched in 2021, and to provide a service time of at least five years.<ref name='Annadurai 2019'>[http://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/copuos/2017/copuos2017tech30E.pdf Future Exploration Missions of ISRO.] [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO). Dr. M. Annadurai, Director, ISAC, ISRO. UNCOPUOS 60th Session, Vienna. 2019.</ref>

The telescope is being developed by the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO) and the [[Raman Research Institute]].

==Overview==

Studying how radiation is polarised gives away the nature of its source, including the strength and distribution of its [[magnetic field]]s and the nature of other radiation around it. XPoSat will study the 50 brightest known sources in the universe, including [[pulsar]]s, [[X-ray binary|black hole X-ray binaries]], [[Active galactic nucleus|active galactic nuclei]], and non-thermal [[supernova]] remnants.<ref name='Annadurai 2019'/><ref name='Wire Mehta 2019'>[https://thewire.in/the-sciences/space-science-aditya-isro-xposat-nisar 5 Unique Space Science Missions That ISRO Will Be Flying in the Near Future]. Jatan Mehta, ''The Wire''. 27 June 2019.</ref> The observatory will be placed in a circular [[low Earth orbit]] of 500 to 700 km.<ref name="Annadurai 2019" /><ref name="GK May 2019"/>

== History ==
Project began in September 2017 with ISRO grant of {{INR|95000000}}. Preliminary Design Review (PDR) of the XPoSat including the POLIX payload was completed in September 2018, followed by preparation of POLIX Qualification Model and beginning of some of its Flight Model components fabrication.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Raman Research Institute, Annual Report 2018-19|url=http://www.rri.res.in/htmls/gen/RRI2019annualreport_english.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809025628/http://www.rri.res.in/htmls/gen/RRI2019annualreport_english.pdf|archive-date=9 August 2020}}</ref>

== Payloads ==
Two payloads of XPoSat are hosted on [[Indian Mini Satellite bus|IMS-2]] platform.<ref name="Annadurai 2019" /> Primary scientific payload is Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays (POLIX), which will study the degree and angle of polarisation of bright astronomical [[X-ray]] sources in the energy range 8-30 keV.<ref name="GK May 2019">[https://currentaffairs.gktoday.in/isro-announces-mega-missions-05201968993.html ISRO announces Seven Mega Missions.] ''GK Today''. 20 May 2019.</ref><ref name="I Exp 2019">{{Cite web |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/chandrayaan-2-launched-here-are-future-isro-missions-to-space-5842337/| title=Chandrayaan 2 launched: Here are future ISRO missions to space |date=2019-07-22| website=The Indian Express| language=en-IN| access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref> POLIX, a {{cvt|125|kg}} instrument,<ref name="Annadurai 2019" /> is being developed by the [[Raman Research Institute]].<ref name="Wire Mehta 2019" /><ref name="GK May 2019"/><ref name="I Exp 2019" /><ref name="RRI POLIX">[http://rri.res.in/~bpaul/polix.html X-ray Polarimeter Experiment (POLIX)]. [[Raman Research Institute]]. Accessed on 2 August 2019.</ref> Its science objectives are to measure:<ref name="RRI POLIX" />
*the strength and the distribution of magnetic field in the sources
*geometric [[Anisotropy|anisotropies]] in the sources
*their alignment with respect to the line of sight
*the nature of the accelerator responsible for energising the [[electron]]s taking part in [[radiation]] and [[Electron scattering|scattering]]
Secondary payload is XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing), which will give spectroscopic information of soft X-rays in the energy range of 0.8-15 keV.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government of India, Department of Space, Annual Report 2020|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/flipping_book/annual_report_2019-20_english/files/assets/common/downloads/Annual%20Report%202019-20%20%28English%29.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214130824/https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/flipping_book/annual_report_2019-20_english/files/assets/common/downloads/Annual%20Report%202019-20%20%28English%29.pdf|archive-date=14 February 2020}}</ref>

==See also==

*[[Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer]]
*[[List of X-ray space telescopes]]
*[[X-ray astronomy satellite]]
*[[X-ray telescope]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian space programme}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}
{{Space observatories}}
{{Future spaceflights}}

[[Category:X-ray telescopes]]
[[Category:Space telescopes]]
[[Category:Satellites of India]]
[[Category:2021 in India]]
[[Category:2021 in spaceflight]]

X-ray Polarimeter Satellite - Revision history

imported>SdkbBot: General fixes, removed erroneous space