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{{primary sources|date=April 2022}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=April 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{infobox military unit
| unit_name = The Winnipeg Grenadiers
| image = Winnipeg Grenadiers badge.jpg
| image_size = 225px
| caption = Regimental badge
| dates = 1 April 1908 – 28 February 1965
| country = {{flag|Canada|1957}}
| branch = [[Canadian Militia]] (1908-1940) {{army|Canada|1939}} (1940-1965)
| type = [[Line infantry]]
| role = [[Infantry]]
| size = 1 [[battalion]]
| command_structure = [[Non-Permanent Active Militia]] (1871-1940) [[Royal Canadian Infantry Corps]] (1940-1965)
| garrison = [[Minto Armoury]], Winnipeg, Manitoba
| garrison_label =
| nickname =
| motto = {{lang-la|Adsum|lit=Present}}
| colors =
| colors_label =
| march = "[[British Grenadiers]]"
| mascot =
| equipment =
| equipment_label = [[List of infantry weapons and equipment of the Canadian military#Cold War to Modern (1946 - Present)|Equipment]]
| battles = [[First World War]] [[Second World War]]
| anniversaries = [[Battle of Hong Kong]]
| battle_honours = See {{section link||Battle honours}}
| commander1 =
| commander1_label =
| commander3 =
| commander3_label =
| commander4 =
| commander4_label =
| commander2 =
| commander2_label =
| notable_commanders =
| identification_symbol =
| identification_symbol_label =
}}
'''The Winnipeg Grenadiers''' was an [[infantry]] [[regiment]] of the [[Canadian Army]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guide to Sources Relating to the Canadian Militia (Infantry, Cavalry, Armored) |website=[[Library and Archives Canada]] |url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/military-heritage/Documents/RG9-58_EN-final.pdf}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Defence |first=National |date=2018-11-14 |title=The Winnipeg Grenadiers |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/department-national-defence/services/military-history/history-heritage/official-military-history-lineages/lineages/infantry-regiments/winnipeg-grenadiers.html |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=www.canada.ca}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2007-10-11 |title=The Winnipeg Grenadiers [Canada] |url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/na-canada/volmil/mb-inf/100WinGr.htm |access-date=2022-05-25 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011103958/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/na-canada/volmil/mb-inf/100WinGr.htm |archive-date=11 October 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

First formed on 1 April 1908 under General Order No. 20. Initially it was raised with headquarters at [[Morden, Manitoba]], and companies at: A Company at Morden, B Company at Morden, C Company at [[Manitou, Manitoba|Manitou]], D Company at [[Carman, Manitoba|Carman]], E Company at [[Roland, Manitoba|Roland]], F Company at [[Pilot Mound, Manitoba|Pilot Mound]], G Company at [[Cartwright, Manitoba|Cartwright]] and H Company at [[Boissevain, Manitoba|Boissevain]]. The unit did not have any active personnel enrolled at the formation.

On 1 February 1910, all companies and headquarters were moved to [[Winnipeg]]. On 2 May 1910, the designation was changed to the '''100th Winnipeg Grenadiers'''. The first officers were gazetted to the regiment on 18 May 1910. Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Norlande Ruttan, who came from the Retired List, commanded the regiment on organization (General Order No. 57 (HQ 32-1-107)). The regiment was reorganized under General Order No. 120 (1915) on 1 October 1915 to establish four companies.

==Lineage==

=== The Winnipeg Grenadiers ===
The Winnipeg Grenadiers originated in Morden, Manitoba on 1 April 1908, as the '''100th Regiment'''. It was redesignated the '''100th "Winnipeg Grenadiers"''' on 2 May 1910 and ''' The Winnipeg Grenadiers''' on 12 March 1920. On 16 November 1936, it was amalgamated with the '''10th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC''' and redesignated '''The Winnipeg Grenadiers (Machine Gun)'''. It was redesignated the '''2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Winnipeg Grenadiers (Machine Gun)''' on 7 November 1940, the '''2nd (Reserve) Battalion, The Winnipeg Grenadiers''' on 15 March 1941 and '''The Winnipeg Grenadiers''' on 28 January 1946. It was reduced to nil strength and transferred to the [[Supplementary Order of Battle]] on 28 February 1965.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1"/>

=== 10th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC ===
The '''10th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC''' originated in Winnipeg, Manitoba on 1 June 1919, as the '''10th Machine Gun Brigade, CMGC'''. It was redesignated the 10th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC, on 15 September 1924. On 16 November 1936, it was amalgamated with The Winnipeg Grenadiers. The perpetuation of the 10th Machine Gun Battalion, CMGC (1919–1936) was assigned to The Winnipeg Grenadiers (Machine Gun).<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1">Canadian Forces Publication A-DH-267-003 Insignia and Lineages of the Canadian Forces. Volume 3: Combat Arms Regiments.</ref>

=== Lineage Chart ===
{{chart top|width=100%|Lineage}}
{{chart/start|align=center}}
{{chart|aa908| | | | | | | | | | | |a100R| | | | |aa908=1908|a100R=100th Regt}}
{{chart|aa910| | | | | | | | | | | |100WG| | | | |aa910=1910|100WG=100th "Winnipeg Grenadiers"}}
{{chart|aa914| |11CEF| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |aa914=1914|11CEF=11th Bn, CEF}}
{{chart|aa915| |11RIC| |78OCE| |100OC|!| | | | | |aa915=1915|11RIC=11th Reserve Inf. Bn, CEF|78OCE=78th "Overseas" Bn, CEF|100OC=100th "Overseas" Bn, CEF}}
{{chart|aa917| |Dbndd| | |!| | |Dbndd|!| | | | | |aa917=1917|Dbndd=''Disbanded''}}
{{chart|aa919| | |:| | | |!| | | |:| |!| | |10MGB|aa919=1919|10MGB=10th MG Bde, CMGC}}
{{chart|aa920| | |L|~|~|Dbndd|~|~|A|WpgGd| | |!| |aa920=1920|Dbndd=''Disbanded''|WpgGd=The Winnipeg Grenadiers}}
{{chart|aa924| | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | |10MG |aa924=1924|10MG=10th MG Bn, CMGC}}
{{chart|aa936| | | | | | | | | | | | |`|WpgGd|'| |aa936=1936|WpgGd=The Winnipeg Grenadiers (MG)}}
{{chart|aa939| | | | | | | | | |WpgGd|-|-|(| | | |aa939=1939|WpgGd=The Winnipeg Grenadiers (MG), CASF}}
{{chart|aa940| | | | | | | | | | 1WG | | 2WG | | |aa940=1940|1WG=1st Bn, The Winnipeg Grenadiers (MG), CASF|2WG=2nd (Reserve) Bn, The Winnipeg Grenadiers (MG)}}
{{chart|aa941| | | | | | | | | | 1WG | | 2WG | | |aa941=1941|1WG=1st Bn, The Winnipeg Grenadiers, CASF|2WG=2nd (Reserve) Bn, The Winnipeg Grenadiers}}
{{chart|aa941| | | | | | | | | |Dstrd| | |!| | | |aa941=1941|Dstrd=''Destroyed''}}
{{chart|aa942| | | | | | | | | |Rcond| | |!| | | |aa942=1942|Rcond=''Reconstituted''}}
{{chart|aa944| | | | | | | | | |3CITT| | |!| | | |aa944=1944|3CITT=3rd Canadian Inf. Training Bn, Type A (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CASF}}
{{chart|aa945| | | | | | | | | |10CRD| | |!| | | |aa945=1945|10CRD=No. 10 Canadian Repatriation Depot, Type "T"}}
{{chart|aa946| | | | | | | | | |Dbndd| |WpgGd| | |aa946=1946|Dbndd=''Disbanded''|WpgGd=The Winnipeg Grenadiers}}
{{chart|aa965| | | | | | | | | | | | | | SOB | | |aa965=1965|SOB=''Supplementary Order of Battle''}}
{{chart|crnty| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |crnty={{CURRENTYEAR}}}}
{{chart/end}}
|-
|style="text-align: left;"|
{{(!}} class="wikitable"
{{!}}+ Abbreviations used in the chart
{{!}}-
! Abbreviation !! Phrase
{{!}}-
{{!}} Bde {{!!}} Brigade
{{!}}-
{{!}} Bn {{!!}} Battalion
{{!}}-
{{!}} CASF {{!!}} [[Canadian Active Service Force]]
{{!}}-
{{!}} CEF {{!!}} [[Canadian Expeditionary Force]]
{{!}}-
{{!}} CMGC {{!!}} [[Canadian Machine Gun Corps]]
{{!}}-
{{!}} Inf. {{!!}} Infantry
{{!}}-
{{!}} MG {{!!}} Machine Gun
{{!}}-
{{!}} No. {{!!}} Number
{{!}}-
{{!}} Regt {{!!}} Regiment
{{!)}}
{{chart bottom}}

==Perpetuations==
The Winnipeg Grenadiers perpetuate the [[11th Battalion, CEF]]; the [[78th Battalion (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CEF]]; and the [[100th Battalion (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CEF]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=CEF Infantry Battalions |website=[[Library and Archives Canada]] |url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/military-heritage/first-world-war/Documents/infantry%20battalions.pdf}}</ref>

==Operational history==

===The Great War===
Details from the 100th Winnipeg Grenadiers were placed on active service on 6 August 1914 for local protection duties.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1"/>

The [[11th Battalion, CEF]] was authorized on 10 August 1914 and embarked for Great Britain on 30 September 1914. It was redesigned as the 11th Reserve Infantry Battalion, CEF, on 29 April 1915 to reinforce the [[Canadian Corps]] in the field. On 4 January 1917, its personnel, along with the 100th Battalion (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CEF, were absorbed by a new 11th Reserve Battalion, CEF. The battalion was disbanded on 12 October 1917.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1"/>

The [[78th Battalion (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CEF]], was authorized on 10 July 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 20 May 1916, disembarking in France on 13 August 1916, where it fought as part of the 12th Canadian Brigade, [[4th Canadian Division]] in France and Flanders until the end of the war. The battalion was disbanded on 15 September 1920.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1"/>

The [[100th Battalion (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CEF]], was authorized on 22 December 1915 and embarked for Great Britain on 18 September 1916, where it provided reinforcements to the Canadian Corps in the field until 20 January 1917, when the 11th Reserve Battalion, CEF, absorbed its personnel. The battalion was disbanded on 1 September 1917.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1"/>

[[Curley Christian|Ethelbert "Curley" Christian]] (-15 March 1954) of the 78th Battalion, Winnipeg Grenadiers was wounded at the Battle of Vimy Ridge and was the only quadruple amputee of either World War to survive.<gallery>
File:73-78 Bn CEF.jpg|Battle Patch of the 78th Battalion (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CEF
File:Curley Christian on the Montrose.jpg|Curley Christian in 1936
</gallery>

===Second World War===
The regiment mobilized '''The Winnipeg Grenadiers (Machine Gun), CASF''', on 1 September 1939. It was redesignated as the '''1st Battalion, The Winnipeg Grenadiers (Machine Gun), CASF''', on 7 November 1940, and as the '''1st Battalion, The Winnipeg Grenadiers, CASF''', on 15 March 1941. It served in [[Jamaica]] and [[Bermuda]] on garrison duty from May 1940 to October 1941 (the detachment assigned to the [[Bermuda Garrison]] moved to [[Aruba]] in August 1940).<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=CHANGES IN STRENGTH OF THE LOCAL COMMAND |url= |work=The Royal Gazette |location=City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda |date=1940-08-30 |access-date= |quote=It is learned from Command Orders that Major D. R. G. Cameron, Brigade Major, has been struck off the strength of the Bermuda Command with effect from Tuesday and that Captain R. F. Arden-Close, K.S.L.I., has assumed the duties of Brigade Major. Struck off the strength of the Bermuda Command are the under-mentioned officers of the Detachment, Winnipeg Grenadiers; Major G. Trist, Captain J. A. Norris, Lieut. N. O. Bardal and Lieut. F. N. Symes. The following officers of the detachment, 4 Camerons, have been taken on the strength of the Command: Major A. Murray, Captain D. B. Mitchell, 2/Lt. R. L. Gibson, 2/Lt. D. H. Burns, 2/Lt. L. MacDonald, 2/Lt. A. Sinclair and 2/Lt. A. C. McAslam. Also taken on the strength of the Command is Lieut. J. R. Faulkener, Army Dental Corps.}}</ref>

==== Hong Kong ====
On 27 October 1941, it embarked for [[Hong Kong]] as a part of [[C Force]], where it was destroyed while fighting in defence of the colony during the [[Battle of Hong Kong]] (8–25 December 1941).<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hong Kong |url=http://www.canadiansoldiers.com/history/battlehonours/waragainstjapan/Hong%20Kong.htm |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=www.canadiansoldiers.com}}</ref>

Company Sergeant-Major [[John Robert Osborn]], VC (2 January 1899 – 19 December 1941) was a 42-year-old warrant officer second class and the CSM of "A" Company. He was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions in the fighting for Hong Kong on 19 December 1941.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wordie |first1=Jason |title=Streets : exploring Hong Kong Island |date=2002 |publisher=Hong Kong University Press |isbn=9789622095632 |location=Hong Kong |page=231}}</ref>

His Victoria Cross citation reads, in part:

{{blockquote|
The enemy threw a grenade which landed in a position where it was impossible to pick it up and return it in time. Shouting a warning to his comrades, this gallant Warrant Officer threw himself on the grenade, which exploded, killing him instantly. His self-sacrifice undoubtedly saved the lives of many others.

Company Sergeant-Major Osborn was an inspiring example throughout the defence, which he assisted so magnificently in maintaining against an overwhelming enemy force for over eight and a half hours, and in his death, he displayed the highest quality of heroism and self-sacrifice.}}<gallery>
File:Canadian Troops Arriving in Hong Kong.jpg|On 16 November 1941, the Winnipeg Grenadiers arrived in Hong Kong. Yet, they could not reverse the outcome of the [[Battle of Hong Kong]].
File:John Robert Osborn.png|Company Sergeant-Major [[John Robert Osborn]], VC
File:Hong Kong Park statue.jpg|Statue of an anonymous World War I soldier from statuary collection of [[Eu Tong Sen]]. Also visible is the [[Battle of Hong Kong]] memorial plaque dedicated to all the defenders of Hong Kong in December 1941 through [[John Robert Osborn]]
File:HK Central 香港公園 Hong Kong Park memory of John Robert Osborn bronze statue sign Nov-2013.JPG|Memorial plaque dedicated to all the defenders of Hong Kong in December 1941 through John Robert Osborn and to commemorate the British Garrison at Hong Kong.
</gallery>

==== Home Defence ====
The 1st Battalion was reconstituted on 10 January 1942. It served in Canada in a home defence role as part of the Prince Rupert Defences, '''[[8th Canadian Infantry Division]]'''. It took part in the expedition to [[Kiska, Alaska]], as a component of the '''[[13th Canadian Infantry Brigade Group]]''', serving there from 16 August 1943 to 22 December 1943.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Operation COTTAGE |url=http://www.canadiansoldiers.com/history/operations/operationcottage.htm |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=www.canadiansoldiers.com}}</ref>
{{See also|Operation Cottage}}
It embarked for Great Britain on 25 May 1944. On 1 November 1944, it was absorbed by the 3rd Canadian Infantry Training Battalion, CASF, and designated as the '''3rd Canadian Infantry Training Battalion, Type A (Winnipeg Grenadiers), CASF'''. On 5 July 1945, it was converted and redesignated the '''No. 10 Canadian Repatriation Depot, Type "T"'''. The depot was disbanded on 28 January 1946.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated1" /><gallery>
File:Grenadiers durrant.jpg|Winnipeg Grenadiers Camp, 1941
</gallery>

== Alliances ==
On 15 August 1914, an alliance was authorized with the [[Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians)]]. This regiment, first raised in Canada in 1858 as the [[100th (Prince of Wales's Royal Canadian) Regiment of Foot]], was disbanded (with five other Irish regiments) in July 1922 due to the division of Ireland. The regiment's present alliance, which dates from 6 November 1933, is the [[Scots Guards]].<ref name=":1" />

==Battle honours==
Battle honours in small capitals are for large operations, and campaigns and those in lowercase are for more specific battles. Bold type indicates honours authorized to be emblazoned on regimental colours.<gallery>
File:Winnipeg Grenadiers colour.jpg|The Regimental Colour of The Winnipeg Grenadiers.
</gallery>

===Great War===
{{flatlist|
*'''{{smallcaps|Ypres, [[Ypres, 1915|1915]], [[Ypres, 1917|'17]]}} '''
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Festubert|Festubert, 1915]]}}
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Mont Sorrel|Mount Sorrel]]}}
*'''{{smallcaps|[[Battle of the Somme|Somme, 1916]]}}'''
*[[Battle of Ancre Heights|Ancre Heights]]
*[[Battle of Ancre|Ancre, 1916]]
*'''{{smallcaps|Arras, [[Arras, 1917|1917]], [[Arras, 1918|'18]]}}'''
*'''[[Battle of Vimy Ridge|Vimy, 1917]]'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Hill 70|Hill 70]]}}
*'''[[Battle of Passchendaele|Passchendaele]]'''
*'''{{smallcaps|[[Battle of Amiens (1918)|Amiens]]}}'''
*[[Battle of the Scarpe (1918)|Scarpe, 1918]]
*'''[[Drocourt-Quéant Line|Drocourt–Quéant]]'''
*'''{{smallcaps|[[Hindenburg Line]]}}'''
*'''[[Battle of the Canal du Nord|Canal du Nord]]'''
*'''{{smallcaps|[[Pursuit to the Selle|Valenciennes]]}}'''
*{{smallcaps|[[Battle of the Sambre (1918)|Sambre]]}}
*{{smallcaps|[[Western Front (World War I)|France and Flanders, 1915–18]]}}<ref name="autogenerated1"/>
}}

===Second World War===
{{flatlist|
*'''[[Battle of Hong Kong|Hong Kong]]'''
*'''{{smallcaps|[[South-East Asian theatre of World War II|South-East Asia, 1941]]}}'''<ref name="autogenerated1"/>
}}

==Cadet corps==
The cadet corps was originally formed on 15 February 1917 and named 526 100th Grenadiers Cadet Corps.<ref>Militia Order No. 118, 30 April 1917</ref> It was disbanded 13 November 1931.<ref>Militia Order No. 512, 25 November 1931</ref> Its affiliation was 100th Winnipeg Grenadiers.

In 1946 members of the regiment through the Grenadiers Winnipeg Incorporated took steps to reform the cadet corps. On 1 October 1946, the cadet corps was authorized under the title 526 The Winnipeg Grenadiers Cadet Corps.<ref>Canadian Army Order 110-4, Issue No. 12, 1946</ref> The cadet corps parades at [[Minto Armoury]] in Winnipeg.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051123131006/http://regiments.org/regiments/na-canada/volmil/mb-inf/100WinGr.htm www.regiments.org - The Winnipeg Grenadiers]

{{Canadian Forces Land Force Command}}
{{Canadian Army Infantry Regiments}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Winnipeg Grenadiers}}
[[Category:Infantry regiments of Canada]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1908]]
[[Category:Morden, Manitoba]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of Manitoba]]
[[Category:Infantry regiments of Canada in World War II]]
[[Category:Battle of Hong Kong]]
[[Category:Military units and formations in Bermuda in World War II]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1965]]
[[Category:Supplementary Order of Battle]]

Winnipeg Grenadiers - Revision history

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