William Manning (colonial administrator) - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 22:15, 9 November 2022
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	{{Short description\|British general and colonial administrator}}		{{Short description\|British general and colonial administrator}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2021}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2021}}
	{{Use British English\|date=March ~~2022~~}}		{{Use British English\|date=March 2012}}
	{{Infobox officeholder		{{Infobox officeholder
	\|honorific-prefix = [[Brigadier-General]]		\|honorific-prefix = [[Brigadier-General]]

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← Older revision		Revision as of 22:15, 9 November 2022
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~March 2012~~}}		{{Short description\|British general and colonial administrator}}
	{{Use British English\|date=March ~~2012~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2021}}
			{{Use British English\|date=March 2022}}
	{{Infobox officeholder		{{Infobox officeholder
	\|honorific-prefix = [[Brigadier-General]]		\|honorific-prefix = [[Brigadier-General]]
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	==Early life==		==Early life==
	Manning was educated at the [[University of Cambridge]] as a [[Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge\|non-collegiate student]]<ref>{{acad\|id=MNN883WH\|name=Manning, William Henry}}</ref> and the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]] and was commissioned a [[~~Lieutenant~~]] in the [[South Wales Borderers]] in 1886.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=25619 \|date=24 August 1886 \|page=4131}}</ref> In 1888 he transferred to the [[British Indian Army\|Indian Army]],<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=25864 \|date=9 October 1888 \|page=5544}}</ref> and served in the [[51st Sikhs]]. He was wounded in the [[Second Burmese War]] and also served in the First Miranzai Expedition and the [[Hazara Expedition]] on the [[North-West Frontier (military history)\|North-West Frontier]] in 1891. He commanded the [[Mlanja]] and [[Chirad-Zulu]] expeditions in [[British Central Africa]] in 1893–1894.		Manning was educated at the [[University of Cambridge]] as a [[Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge\|non-collegiate student]]<ref>{{acad\|id=MNN883WH\|name=Manning, William Henry}}</ref> and the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]] and was commissioned a [[lieutenant]] in the [[South Wales Borderers]] in 1886.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=25619 \|date=24 August 1886 \|page=4131}}</ref> In 1888 he transferred to the [[British Indian Army\|Indian Army]],<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=25864 \|date=9 October 1888 \|page=5544}}</ref> and served in the [[51st Sikhs]]. He was wounded in the [[Second Burmese War]] and also served in the First Miranzai Expedition and the [[Hazara Expedition]] on the [[North-West Frontier (military history)\|North-West Frontier]] in 1891. He commanded the [[Mlanja]] and [[Chirad-Zulu]] expeditions in [[British Central Africa]] in 1893–1894.

	==Diplomatic and military service in Africa==		==Diplomatic and military service in Africa==
	In 1897 he was appointed Deputy Commissioner and [[Consul-General]] for British Central Africa and commander of its Armed Forces with the local rank of [[~~Lieutenant~~-~~Colonel~~]],<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=26897 \|date=5 October 1897 \|page=5444}}</ref> and served as Acting Commissioner for nearly two years.		In 1897 he was appointed Deputy Commissioner and [[Consul-General]] for British Central Africa and commander of its Armed Forces with the local rank of [[lieutenant-colonel]],<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=26897 \|date=5 October 1897 \|page=5444}}</ref> and served as Acting Commissioner for nearly two years.
	He commanded the operations against Chief [[Mpezeni]] in North-East [[Rhodesia]] in 1898, for which he was promoted ~~Brevet~~ [[~~Major~~]] in 1898<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27045 \|date=24 January 1899 \|page=463}}</ref> and ~~Brevet~~ [[~~Lieutenant~~-~~Colonel~~]] in 1899.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27122 \|date=3 October 1899 \|page=6005}}</ref>		He commanded the operations against Chief [[Mpezeni]] in North-East [[Rhodesia]] in 1898, for which he was promoted brevet [[major]] in 1898<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27045 \|date=24 January 1899 \|page=463}}</ref> and brevet [[lieutenant-colonel]] in 1899.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27122 \|date=3 October 1899 \|page=6005}}</ref>

	Manning raised and commanded the [[Central Africa Regiment]] and was the first [[Inspector-General]] of the [[King's African Rifles]] from 1901 to 1907, with the local rank of [[~~Brigadier~~-~~General~~]] (although his substantive rank was still ~~Captain~~).<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27376 \|date=12 November 1901 \|page=7294}}</ref> During Spring 1902 he undertook an official tour through [[Uganda Protectorate\|Uganda]] and the [[East African Protectorate]], returning to England in June that year.<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times \|~~articlename~~=Naval & Military intelligence~~\|day_of_week=Wednesday~~ \|date=18 June 1902 \|~~page_number~~=14 \|issue=36797\| }}</ref> He was supposed to undertake a second tour of inspecting garrisons in [[British Somaliland]], [[British Central Africa Protectorate]], British East Africa and Uganda later the same year,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times \|~~articlename~~=Naval & Military intelligence ~~\|day_of_week=Wednesday~~ \|date=8 October 1902 \|~~page_number~~=4 \|issue=36893\| }}</ref> but shortly after arrival in Africa was re-directed to join the force gathered in Somaliland to fight the [[Mohammed Abdullah Hassan\|Mad Mullah]].		Manning raised and commanded the [[Central Africa Regiment]] and was the first [[Inspector-General]] of the [[King's African Rifles]] from 1901 to 1907, with the local rank of [[brigadier-general]] (although his substantive rank was still captain).<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27376 \|date=12 November 1901 \|page=7294}}</ref> During Spring 1902 he undertook an official tour through [[Uganda Protectorate\|Uganda]] and the [[East African Protectorate]], returning to England in June that year.<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times \|title=Naval & Military intelligence\|date=18 June 1902 \|page=14 \|issue=36797}}</ref> He was supposed to undertake a second tour of inspecting garrisons in [[British Somaliland]], [[British Central Africa Protectorate]], British East Africa and Uganda later the same year,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times \|title=Naval & Military intelligence \|date=8 October 1902 \|page=4 \|issue=36893}}</ref> but shortly after arrival in Africa was re-directed to join the force gathered in Somaliland to fight the [[Mohammed Abdullah Hassan\|Mad Mullah]].

	He ~~is reported to be~~ in Somaliland by the middle of November 1902,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times \|~~articlename~~= Operations in Somaliland ~~\|day_of_week=Friday~~ \|date=28 November 1902 \|~~page_number~~=5 \|issue=36937\| }}</ref> and in late December was appointed in command of the [[Somaliland Field Force]].<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27531 \|date=3 March 1903 \|page=1418}}</ref> From 1903 to 1904 he commanded its 1st Brigade. In April 1903 he fought against the Mad Mullah's army in battle, inflicting 2,000 casualties. For services in Somaliland he was appointed [[Companion of the Order of the Bath]] (CB) in 1903<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27584 \|date=7 August 1903 \|page=4982}}</ref> and [[Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (KCMG) in 1904.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27711 \|date=6 September 1904 \|page=5776}}</ref> In February 1904 he was promoted ~~Brevet~~ [[~~Colonel~~]]<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27743 \|date=13 December 1904 \|page=8561}}</ref> and in August 1904 he was finally promoted to the substantive rank of ~~[[Major]]~~.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27742 \|date=9 December 1904 \|page=8455}}</ref>		He was in Somaliland by the middle of November 1902,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times \|title= Operations in Somaliland \|date=28 November 1902 \|page=5 \|issue=36937}}</ref> and in late December was appointed in command of the [[Somaliland Field Force]].<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27531 \|date=3 March 1903 \|page=1418}}</ref> From 1903 to 1904 he commanded its 1st Brigade. In April 1903 he fought against the Mad Mullah's army in battle, inflicting 2,000 casualties. For services in Somaliland he was appointed [[Order of the Bath\|Companion of the Order of the Bath]] (CB) in 1903<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27584 \|date=7 August 1903 \|page=4982}}</ref> and [[Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (KCMG) in 1904.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27711 \|date=6 September 1904 \|page=5776}}</ref> In February 1904 he was promoted brevet [[colonel]]<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27743 \|date=13 December 1904 \|page=8561}}</ref> and in August 1904 he was finally promoted to the substantive rank of major.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=27742 \|date=9 December 1904 \|page=8455}}</ref>

	==Commissioner of Somaliland and Governor of Nyasaland==		==Commissioner of Somaliland and Governor of Nyasaland==
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	==Governor of Jamaica and Governor of Ceylon==		==Governor of Jamaica and Governor of Ceylon==
	In February 1913 he became [[Governor of Jamaica]]<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=28691 \|date=18 February 1913 \|page=1238}}</ref> and was granted the perpetual honorary rank of ~~Brigadier~~-~~General~~,<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=28687 \|date=4 February 1913 \|page=846}}</ref> which he had held for most of his service since 1901. In September 1918 he was appointed [[Governor of Ceylon]]. He was appointed [[Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] in 1918 and [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (GCMG) in the 1921 New Year Honours.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=32178 \|date=1 January 1921 \|page=5\|supp=y}}</ref> He retired in 1925.		In February 1913 he became [[Governor of Jamaica]]<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=28691 \|date=18 February 1913 \|page=1238}}</ref> and was granted the perpetual honorary rank of brigadier-general,<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=28687 \|date=4 February 1913 \|page=846}}</ref> which he had held for most of his service since 1901. In September 1918 he was appointed [[Governor of Ceylon]]. He was appointed [[Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] in 1918 and [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (GCMG) in the 1921 New Year Honours.<ref>{{London Gazette \|issue=32178 \|date=1 January 1921 \|page=5\|supp=y}}</ref> He retired in 1925.

	The [[Manning Cup]] school football competition in Jamaica was named after him.		The [[Manning Cup]] school football competition in Jamaica was named after him.
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	==Footnotes==		==Footnotes==
	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist}}

	{{s-start}}		{{s-start}}
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	[[Category:Governors of British Somaliland]]		[[Category:Governors of British Somaliland]]
	[[Category:British military personnel of the Hazara Expedition of 1888]]		[[Category:British military personnel of the Hazara Expedition of 1888]]
			[[Category:Members of the Legislative Council of Ceylon]]

imported>Necrothesp: Reverted edits by Heesxiisolehh (talk) to last version by Necrothesp

2021-06-24T14:45:48Z

Reverted edits by Heesxiisolehh (talk) to last version by Necrothesp

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2012}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2012}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|honorific-prefix = [[Brigadier-General]]
|name = Sir William Henry Manning
|honorific-suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|GCMG|KBE|CB}}
|image = The National Archives UK - CO 1069-111-7.jpg
|imagesize =
|smallimage = 
|alt =
|caption = Captain. W. H. Manning (photo taken from 'British Central Africa' by Sir {{w|Harry Johnston}} 1897)
|order = 23rd
|office = Governor of British Ceylon
|term_start = 10 September 1918
|term_end = 1 April 1925
|monarch = [[George V]]
|predecessor = [[Reginald Edward Stubbs]] (Acting governor)
|successor = [[Cecil Clementi]] (Acting governor)
|office1 = [[List of colonial heads of British Somaliland|Commissioner of British Somaliland]]
|term_start1 = February 1910
|term_end1 = November 1910
|predecessor1 = [[Harry Edward Spiller Cordeaux]]
|successor1 = [[Horace Byatt]]
|office2 = [[List of Governors of Nyasaland|Governor of Nyasaland]] (acting)
|term_start2 = 6 February 1911
|term_end2 = 23 September 1913
|predecessor2 = [[Henry Richard Wallis]] (acting)
|successor2 = [[George Smith (Nyasaland)|George Smith]]
|office3 = [[List of Governors of Jamaica|Governor of Jamaica]]
|term_start3 = 7 March 1913
|term_end3 = 11 May 1918
|monarch3 = [[Edward VII]]
|predecessor3 = [[Philip Clark Cork]]
|successor3 = [[Robert Johnstone (governor)|Robert Johnstone]]
|birth_date = {{birth-date|19 July 1863}}
|birth_place =
|death_date = {{death-date and age|1 January 1932|19 July 1863}}
|death_place =
|restingplace =
|birthname =
|citizenship = British
|nationality =
}}
[[Brigadier-General]] '''Sir William Henry Manning''', {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|GCMG|KBE|CB}} (19 July 1863 – 1 January 1932) was a [[British Indian Army]] officer and colonial administrator.

==Early life==
Manning was educated at the [[University of Cambridge]] as a [[Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge|non-collegiate student]]<ref>{{acad|id=MNN883WH|name=Manning, William Henry}}</ref> and the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]] and was commissioned a [[Lieutenant]] in the [[South Wales Borderers]] in 1886.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=25619 |date=24 August 1886 |page=4131}}</ref> In 1888 he transferred to the [[British Indian Army|Indian Army]],<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=25864 |date=9 October 1888 |page=5544}}</ref> and served in the [[51st Sikhs]]. He was wounded in the [[Second Burmese War]] and also served in the First Miranzai Expedition and the [[Hazara Expedition]] on the [[North-West Frontier (military history)|North-West Frontier]] in 1891. He commanded the [[Mlanja]] and [[Chirad-Zulu]] expeditions in [[British Central Africa]] in 1893–1894.

==Diplomatic and military service in Africa==
In 1897 he was appointed Deputy Commissioner and [[Consul-General]] for British Central Africa and commander of its Armed Forces with the local rank of [[Lieutenant-Colonel]],<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=26897 |date=5 October 1897 |page=5444}}</ref> and served as Acting Commissioner for nearly two years.
He commanded the operations against Chief [[Mpezeni]] in North-East [[Rhodesia]] in 1898, for which he was promoted Brevet [[Major]] in 1898<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27045 |date=24 January 1899 |page=463}}</ref> and Brevet [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] in 1899.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27122 |date=3 October 1899 |page=6005}}</ref>

Manning raised and commanded the [[Central Africa Regiment]] and was the first [[Inspector-General]] of the [[King's African Rifles]] from 1901 to 1907, with the local rank of [[Brigadier-General]] (although his substantive rank was still Captain).<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27376 |date=12 November 1901 |page=7294}}</ref> During Spring 1902 he undertook an official tour through [[Uganda Protectorate|Uganda]] and the [[East African Protectorate]], returning to England in June that year.<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Naval & Military intelligence|day_of_week=Wednesday |date=18 June 1902 |page_number=14 |issue=36797| }}</ref> He was supposed to undertake a second tour of inspecting garrisons in [[British Somaliland]], [[British Central Africa Protectorate]], British East Africa and Uganda later the same year,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Naval & Military intelligence |day_of_week=Wednesday |date=8 October 1902 |page_number=4 |issue=36893| }}</ref> but shortly after arrival in Africa was re-directed to join the force gathered in Somaliland to fight the [[Mohammed Abdullah Hassan|Mad Mullah]].

He is reported to be in Somaliland by the middle of November 1902,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename= Operations in Somaliland |day_of_week=Friday |date=28 November 1902 |page_number=5 |issue=36937| }}</ref> and in late December was appointed in command of the [[Somaliland Field Force]].<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27531 |date=3 March 1903 |page=1418}}</ref> From 1903 to 1904 he commanded its 1st Brigade. In April 1903 he fought against the Mad Mullah's army in battle, inflicting 2,000 casualties. For services in Somaliland he was appointed [[Companion of the Order of the Bath]] (CB) in 1903<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27584 |date=7 August 1903 |page=4982}}</ref> and [[Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (KCMG) in 1904.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27711 |date=6 September 1904 |page=5776}}</ref> In February 1904 he was promoted Brevet [[Colonel]]<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27743 |date=13 December 1904 |page=8561}}</ref> and in August 1904 he was finally promoted to the substantive rank of [[Major]].<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27742 |date=9 December 1904 |page=8455}}</ref>

==Commissioner of Somaliland and Governor of Nyasaland==
In February 1910 Manning was appointed Commissioner and Commander-in-Chief of the [[Somaliland Protectorate]]<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28342 |date=22 February 1910 |page=1326}}</ref> and in November 1910 Governor and C-in-C of the [[Nyasaland Protectorate]],<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28436 |date=11 November 1910 |page=8073}}</ref> where the border post Fort Manning (now [[Mchinji]], [[Malawi]]) was named after him. He retired from the Indian Army in December 1910.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28454 |date=6 January 1911 |page=133}}</ref>

==Governor of Jamaica and Governor of Ceylon==
In February 1913 he became [[Governor of Jamaica]]<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28691 |date=18 February 1913 |page=1238}}</ref> and was granted the perpetual honorary rank of Brigadier-General,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=28687 |date=4 February 1913 |page=846}}</ref> which he had held for most of his service since 1901. In September 1918 he was appointed [[Governor of Ceylon]]. He was appointed [[Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] in 1918 and [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George]] (GCMG) in the 1921 New Year Honours.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=32178 |date=1 January 1921 |page=5|supp=y}}</ref> He retired in 1925.

The [[Manning Cup]] school football competition in Jamaica was named after him.

==References==
*Obituary, ''[[The Times]]'', 4 January 1932

==Footnotes==
{{reflist|2}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-gov}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Reginald Edward Stubbs]] ''acting governor''}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Governor of British Ceylon]]|years=1918-1925}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Cecil Clementi]] ''acting governor''}}
{{s-end}}

{{British Governor of Ceylon}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Manning, William}}
[[Category:1863 births]]
[[Category:1932 deaths]]
[[Category:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst]]
[[Category:South Wales Borderers officers]]
[[Category:British Indian Army generals]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of the Second Anglo-Burmese War]]
[[Category:Governors of Jamaica]]
[[Category:Governors of British Ceylon]]
[[Category:Governors of Nyasaland]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:King's African Rifles officers]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Third Somaliland Expedition]]
[[Category:Alumni of Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Governors of British Somaliland]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Hazara Expedition of 1888]]