103.166.109.145 at 09:49, 28 August 2021

2021-08-28T09:49:34Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox rail accident
| title =
| boxwidth =
| image = Wagon Tragedy Memorial, Tirur.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_width =
| caption = Wagon Tragedy Memorial at Tirur
| date = {{start date and age|df=yes|1921|11|10}}
| time =
| location = While in transit from [[Tirur]] to [[Podanur]] Junction, [[British India]]
| location-dist =
| location-dist-mi =
| location-dir =
| location-city =
| coordinates = 
| country = [[British Raj|British India]]
| line = [[Shoranur–Mangalore section]], [[Jolarpettai–Shoranur line]]
| operator = [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]]
| type = [[Asphyxiation]]
| cause = Overcrowding
| trains = Prisoner transport train
| pax =
| deaths = 67
| injuries =
| damage =
| map =
| map_name =
| map_state =
}}

The '''Wagon massacre''' or [[Bellary]] train tragedy was the death of 64<ref>Panikkar, K. N., ''Against Lord and State: Religion and Peasant Uprisings in Malabar 1836-1921''</ref> prisoners on 10 November 1921 in the [[Malabar region]] of [[Kerala]] state of [[India]]. The prisoners had been taken into custody following the [[Mappila Rebellion]] against British in various parts of Malappuram district. Their deaths through apparent negligence discredited the [[British Raj]] and generated sympathy for the [[Indian independence movement]].

In order to attract more [[Muslim]] support to the [[Indian National Movement]], [[Mahatma Gandhi]] and the national leaders of India initially supported the [[Khilafat movement]] and merged it to the famous [[Non Co-operation Movement]]. This succeeded in bringing almost all sections of Indians under one flag for a Pan-Indian movement for the first time. The southern Malabar district welcomed this movement in a great spirit. However, in [[Eranad]] and [[Valluvanad (southern Malabar)|Walluvanad]] taluks it took the form of an armed rebellion by the Muslim [[Mappila]] community.

On 10 November 1921, when the uprising was near its end, almost 100 detained Muslim rebels were sent by train from Tirur to the Central Prison, [[Bellary]] in the [[Madras Presidency]]. During the return journey, 64 of the 100 rebels suffocated to death in the closed railroad wagon.<ref name="NYTimes1921">{{cite news |title=64 out of 100 Moplah prisoners suffocated in a closed car on train in India |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1921/11/22/103572143.pdf |access-date=6 January 2020 |agency=The New York Times |work=The New York Times |date=22 November 1921}}</ref> Historian [[Sumit Sarkar]] referred to it as the "Black Hole of Podanur". A monument to this event can be seen at Tirur.<ref>[http://www.asianage.com/india/it-was-wagon-massacre-not-tragedy-444 "It was a wagon massacre, not tragedy!"] ''The Asian Age'' daily, 21 November 2011</ref>

==Wagon tragedy victims and memorial==
The people who were killed in the tragedy were mainly from southern India.Tirur, Kerala, where exists a monument for the remembrance of event.

==See also==
* [[Khilafat Movement]]
* [[Malabar rebellion]]
* [[Non-cooperation movement]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Dr. Sivadasan P., ''Wagon Tragedy'': Kanalvazhiyile Koottakuruthi, National Book Stall, Kottayam, 2011 ({{ISBN|9788192282206}})

==External links==
*[http://www.kerala.gov.in/history&culture/emergence.htm Events surrounding the Wagon Tragedy described at the Government of Kerala website]

[[Category:Massacres in 1921]]
[[Category:Protests in British India]]
[[Category:Massacres in India]]
[[Category:Massacres committed by the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Political repression in British India]]
[[Category:Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Military scandals]]
[[Category:Mass murder in 1921]]
[[Category:1921 in British India]]
[[Category:1921 in India]]
[[Category:April 1921 events]]
[[Category:History of Kerala]]
[[Category:Indian independence movement in Kerala]]

Wagon tragedy - Revision history

103.166.109.145 at 09:49, 28 August 2021