Vishpala - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:33, 3 August 2022
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	{{Short description\|Woman mentioned in Rigveda}}		{{Short description\|Woman mentioned in Rigveda}}
	{{More ~~references~~\|date=June 2019}}{{Hinduism small}}		{{More citations needed\|date=June 2019}}{{Hinduism small}}

	'''''Vishpala''''' (''{{IAST\|viśpálā}}'') is a woman (alternatively, a horse) mentioned in the [[Rigveda]] ([[Mandala 1\|RV 1]].112.10, 116.15, 117.11, 118.8 and [[Mandala 10\|RV 10]].39.8).<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075152/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVI. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075422/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075633/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVIII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075904/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda, Book 10: HYMN XXXIX. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202080004/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref> The name is likely from ''{{IAST\|viś}}'' "settlement, village" and ''{{IAST\|bala}}'' "strong", meaning something like "protecting the settlement" or "strong settlement".		'''''Vishpala''''' (''{{IAST\|viśpálā}}'') is a woman (alternatively, a horse) mentioned in the [[Rigveda]] ([[Mandala 1\|RV 1]].112.10, 116.15, 117.11, 118.8 and [[Mandala 10\|RV 10]].39.8).<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075152/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVI. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075422/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075633/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVIII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075904/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda, Book 10: HYMN XXXIX. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202080004/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref> The name is likely from ''{{IAST\|viś}}'' "settlement, village" and ''{{IAST\|bala}}'' "strong", meaning something like "protecting the settlement" or "strong settlement".

	Vishpala is helped in battle (alternative, in the prize-race) by the [[Ashvins]]. As she lost her leg "in the time of night, in Khela's battle" (alternatively, "in Khela's race, eager for a decision"), they gave her a "leg of iron" so that she could keep running (1.116.15).		Vishpala is helped in battle (alternative, in the prize-race) by the [[Ashvins]]. As she lost her leg "in the time of night, in Khela's battle" (alternatively, "in Khela's race, eager for a decision"), they gave her a "leg of iron" so that she could keep running (1.116.15).

	The interpretation as a female warrior in battle is due to Griffith (in keeping with [[Sayana]]), the interpretation as a horse race is due to [[Karl Friedrich Geldner]].		The interpretation as a female warrior in battle is due to Griffith (in keeping with [[Sayana]]), the interpretation as a horse race is due to [[Karl Friedrich Geldner]].

	As is often the case in the Rigveda, especially in the young books [[Mandala 1\|1]] and [[Mandala 10\|10]] (dated to roughly 1200 BC) a myth is only alluded to, the poet taking for granted his audience's being familiar with it, and beyond the fact that the Ashvins gave Vishpala a new leg, no information has survived, neither about Vishpala herself nor about "Khela's battle", or indeed the character of Khela (the name meaning "shaking, trembling").		As is often the case in the Rigveda, especially in the young books [[Mandala 1\|1]] and [[Mandala 10\|10]] (dated to roughly 1200 BC) a myth is only alluded to, the poet taking for granted his audience's being familiar with it, and beyond the fact that the Ashvins gave Vishpala a new leg, no information has survived, neither about Vishpala herself nor about "Khela's battle", or indeed the character of Khela (the name meaning "shaking, trembling").

	A book about Vishpala has been authored by [[Saiswaroopa Iyer]].<ref>~~https://www.amazon.in/dp/9354350135/~~</ref>		A book about Vishpala has been authored by [[Saiswaroopa Iyer]].<ref>{{cite book \|isbn=978-9354350139}}</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==
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	{{Rigveda}}		{{Rigveda}}

	[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]		[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
	[[Category:Year of death unknown]]		[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
	[[Category:Indian amputees]]		[[Category:Indian amputees]]
	[[Category:Indian women in war]]		[[Category:Indian women in war]]

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-03-02T16:34:52Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 22:04, 2 March 2022
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			{{Short description\|Woman mentioned in Rigveda}}
	{{More references\|date=June 2019}}{{Hinduism small}}		{{More references\|date=June 2019}}{{Hinduism small}}

	'''''Vishpala''''' (''{{IAST\|viśpálā}}'') is a woman (alternatively, a horse) mentioned in the [[Rigveda]] ([[Mandala 1\|RV 1]].112.10, 116.15, 117.11, 118.8 and [[Mandala 10\|RV 10]].39.8).<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXII. Aśvins.\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075152/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm\|~~access~~-date=2020-12-02~~\|website=web.archive.org~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVI. Aśvins.\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075422/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm\|~~access~~-date=2020-12-02~~\|website=web.archive.org~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVII. Aśvins.\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075633/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm\|~~access~~-date=2020-12-02~~\|website=web.archive.org~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVIII. Aśvins.\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075904/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm\|~~access~~-date=2020-12-02~~\|website=web.archive.org~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda, Book 10: HYMN XXXIX. Aśvins.\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202080004/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm\|~~access~~-date=2020-12-02~~\|website=web.archive.org~~}}</ref> The name is likely from ''{{IAST\|viś}}'' "settlement, village" and ''{{IAST\|bala}}'' "strong", meaning something like "protecting the settlement" or "strong settlement".		'''''Vishpala''''' (''{{IAST\|viśpálā}}'') is a woman (alternatively, a horse) mentioned in the [[Rigveda]] ([[Mandala 1\|RV 1]].112.10, 116.15, 117.11, 118.8 and [[Mandala 10\|RV 10]].39.8).<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075152/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVI. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075422/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075633/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVIII. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075904/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2020-12-02\|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda, Book 10: HYMN XXXIX. Aśvins.\|url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm\|access-date=2020-12-02\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202080004/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm\|archive-date=2020-12-02}}</ref> The name is likely from ''{{IAST\|viś}}'' "settlement, village" and ''{{IAST\|bala}}'' "strong", meaning something like "protecting the settlement" or "strong settlement".

	Vishpala is helped in battle (alternative, in the prize-race) by the [[Ashvins]]. As she lost her leg "in the time of night, in Khela's battle" (alternatively, "in Khela's race, eager for a decision"), they gave her a "leg of iron" so that she could keep running (1.116.15).		Vishpala is helped in battle (alternative, in the prize-race) by the [[Ashvins]]. As she lost her leg "in the time of night, in Khela's battle" (alternatively, "in Khela's race, eager for a decision"), they gave her a "leg of iron" so that she could keep running (1.116.15).
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	As is often the case in the Rigveda, especially in the young books [[Mandala 1\|1]] and [[Mandala 10\|10]] (dated to roughly 1200 BC) a myth is only alluded to, the poet taking for granted his audience's being familiar with it, and beyond the fact that the Ashvins gave Vishpala a new leg, no information has survived, neither about Vishpala herself nor about "Khela's battle", or indeed the character of Khela (the name meaning "shaking, trembling").		As is often the case in the Rigveda, especially in the young books [[Mandala 1\|1]] and [[Mandala 10\|10]] (dated to roughly 1200 BC) a myth is only alluded to, the poet taking for granted his audience's being familiar with it, and beyond the fact that the Ashvins gave Vishpala a new leg, no information has survived, neither about Vishpala herself nor about "Khela's battle", or indeed the character of Khela (the name meaning "shaking, trembling").

	~~Nevertheless, the allusion qualifies as the earliest reference to the concept of a~~ [[~~Artificial limb\|prosthesis~~]]~~, while~~ in ~~Sayana's interpretation it can also be taken as an early reference to a female warrior.~~		A book about Vishpala has been authored by [[Saiswaroopa Iyer]].<ref>https://www.amazon.in/dp/9354350135/</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==

imported>GünniX: References

2020-12-05T04:20:52Z

References

New page

{{More references|date=June 2019}}{{Hinduism small}}

'''''Vishpala''''' (''{{IAST|viśpálā}}'') is a woman (alternatively, a horse) mentioned in the [[Rigveda]] ([[Mandala 1|RV 1]].112.10, 116.15, 117.11, 118.8 and [[Mandala 10|RV 10]].39.8).<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-02|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXII. Aśvins.|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075152/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01112.htm|access-date=2020-12-02|website=web.archive.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-02|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVI. Aśvins.|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075422/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01116.htm|access-date=2020-12-02|website=web.archive.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-02|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVII. Aśvins.|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075633/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01117.htm|access-date=2020-12-02|website=web.archive.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-02|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda Book 1: HYMN CXVIII. Aśvins.|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202075904/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01118.htm|access-date=2020-12-02|website=web.archive.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-02|title=Rig Veda: Rig-Veda, Book 10: HYMN XXXIX. Aśvins.|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202080004/https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv10039.htm|access-date=2020-12-02|website=web.archive.org}}</ref> The name is likely from ''{{IAST|viś}}'' "settlement, village" and ''{{IAST|bala}}'' "strong", meaning something like "protecting the settlement" or "strong settlement".

Vishpala is helped in battle (alternative, in the prize-race) by the [[Ashvins]]. As she lost her leg "in the time of night, in Khela's battle" (alternatively, "in Khela's race, eager for a decision"), they gave her a "leg of iron" so that she could keep running (1.116.15).

The interpretation as a female warrior in battle is due to Griffith (in keeping with [[Sayana]]), the interpretation as a horse race is due to [[Karl Friedrich Geldner]].

As is often the case in the Rigveda, especially in the young books [[Mandala 1|1]] and [[Mandala 10|10]] (dated to roughly 1200 BC) a myth is only alluded to, the poet taking for granted his audience's being familiar with it, and beyond the fact that the Ashvins gave Vishpala a new leg, no information has survived, neither about Vishpala herself nor about "Khela's battle", or indeed the character of Khela (the name meaning "shaking, trembling").

Nevertheless, the allusion qualifies as the earliest reference to the concept of a [[Artificial limb|prosthesis]], while in Sayana's interpretation it can also be taken as an early reference to a female warrior.

==See also==
*[[Women warriors in literature and culture|Woman warrior]]
*[[List of women warriors in folklore]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Rigveda}}
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
[[Category:Indian amputees]]
[[Category:Indian women in war]]
[[Category:Horses in Hinduism]]
[[Category:Prosthetics]]
[[Category:Rigveda]]
[[Category:Women in ancient warfare]]
[[Category:Ancient Indian women]]