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{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Vindhyavarman<br />
| title =<br />
| succession = King of [[Malwa]]<br />
| reign = {{circa|1175|1194 CE}}<br />
| father = [[Jayavarman I (Paramara dynasty)|Jayavarman I]]<br />
| predecessor = Mularaja II ([[Chaulukya dynasty|Chaulukya]] suzerain)<br />
| successor = [[Subhatavarman]]<br />
| dynasty = [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Vindhyavarman''' (reigned c. 1175-1194 CE) was an Indian king from the [[Paramara dynasty]], who ruled in the [[Malwa]] region of central India. He defeated the [[Chaulukya]]s, who had annexed the Paramara territory to their own kingdom in the preceding years.<br />
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== Military career == <br />
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The reign of Vindhyavarman's father [[Jayavarman I (Paramara dynasty)|Jayavarman I]] was followed by a 20-year interregnum. The Paramara kingdom was first usurped by one Ballala, and then came under the suzerainty of the [[Chaulukya dynasty]] (also known as the Chalukyas of [[Gujarat]]). According to an inscription of his grandson [[Arjunavarman I]], Vindhyavarman vanquished the king of Gujarat.{{sfn|Trivedi|1991|p=162}} Vindhyavarman thus re-established the Paramara sovereignty in Malwa. According to historian [[R. C. Majumdar]], Vindhyavarman accomplished this during the reign of the Chaulukya king Mularaja II (r. c. 1175 – c. 1178).{{sfn|Majumdar|1977|p=328}} However, A. K. Majumdar believes that Malwa remained under Chaululkya control during Mularaja's reign.{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=136}}<br />
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During his reign, Malwa faced repeated invasions from the [[Hoysala]]s and the [[Yadavas of Devagiri]].{{sfn|Trivedi|1991|p=162}} Vindhyavarman was also defeated by the Chaulukya general Kumara at a place named Goggasthana.{{sfn|Bhatia|1970|p=137}} But he was able to restore the Paramara power in Malwa before his death, having regained control of the capital [[Dhara (city)|Dhara]] by 1192 CE.{{sfn|Sen|1999|p=322}} {{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=146}} He was succeeded by his son [[Subhatavarman]].{{sfn|Trivedi|1991|p=162}}<br />
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== Cultural activities ==<br />
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Bilhana, the poet-minister of Vindhyavarman, composed ''Vishnustotra''. According to P. N. Kawthekar, this Bilhana might have been a son or grandson of the 11th century poet [[Bilhana]].{{sfn|Kawthekar|1995|pp=29-30}} The Jain scholar Ashadhara wrote that he migrated to Dhara when his homeland, the [[Sapadalaksha]] country, was conquered by a [[mleccha]] king (identified as [[Muhammad of Ghor|Shihab ad-Din]]). He names the king of Dhara as Vijayavarman, who is identified as Vindhyavarman.{{sfn|Majumdar|1956|p=146}} The Paramara king also patronized the Jain scholar Acharya Mahavira.{{sfn|Jain|1972|p=403}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist|2}}<br />
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=== Bibliography ===<br />
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* {{cite book |first=Pratipal |last=Bhatia |title=The Paramāras, c. 800-1305 A.D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a5gcAAAAMAAJ |year=1970 |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal }}<br />
* {{cite book |first=Kailash Chand |last=Jain |title=Malwa Through the Ages, from the Earliest Times to 1305 A.D |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_3O7q7cU7k0C&pg=PA354 |year=1972 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=978-81-208-0824-9 }}<br />
* {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bq5rT0yXGC0C&pg=PA29 |title=Bilhana |author=Prabhakar Narayan Kawthekar |publisher=[[Sahitya Akademi]] |year=1995 |isbn=9788172017798 }}<br />
* {{cite book|first=Asoke Kumar |last=Majumdar |title=Chaulukyas of Gujarat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ffAdAAAAMAAJ |year=1956 |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan }}<br />
* {{cite book |title=Ancient India |first=R. C. |last=Majumdar |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1977 |isbn=9788120804364 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC&pg=PA327 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra Nath |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA172 |title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization |publisher=New Age International |year=1999 |isbn=9788122411980 }}<br />
* {{cite book |author=Harihar Vitthal Trivedi |title=Inscriptions of the Paramāras (Part 2) |series=Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Volume VII: Inscriptions of the Paramāras, Chandēllas, Kachchapaghātas, and two minor dynasties |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8B4LAQAAMAAJ |year=1991 |publisher=[[Archaeological Survey of India]] |ref={{harvid|Trivedi|1991}} }}<br />
{{Paramara dynasty}}<br />
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[[Category:Paramara dynasty]]<br />
[[Category:12th-century Indian monarchs]]</div>imported>Citation bot