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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox person

| name = Vinayakrai Patwardhan
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 22 July 1898
| birth_place = [[Miraj]], India
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1975|8|23|1898|7|22}}
| death_place =[[Pune]], India
| nationality = Indian
| other_names = Pandit Vinayakrao Patwardhan
}}

Pandit '''Vinayak Narayan Patwardhan''' (22 July 1898 – 23 August 1975) was an Indian vocalist of [[Gwalior gharana]] (style of singing) of [[Hindustani classical music|Indian classical music]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Vinayakrao Patwardhan|url=https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~mausam/patwardhan.html|website=homes.cs.washington.edu|access-date=29 November 2016}}</ref>

__TOC__

== Early life ==

Vinayakrao's uncle Keshav Rao Koratkar was his first music teacher. In 1907, he went to [[Gandharva Mahavidyalaya]] at [[Lahore]], where he was taught by [[Vishnu Digambar Paluskar]].

== Career ==
Vinayakrao accepted teaching assignments at the various branches of the Gandharva Mahavidyalaya, including those in [[Bombay]], [[Nagpur]] and [[Lahore]]. Vinayakrao's high-pitched voice was popular with the masses, and specifically caught the attention of actor/singer [[Bal Gandharva]]. On one occasion, the [[Gwalior]] veteran Ramkrishna Buwa Vazhe offered a challenge to singers in [[Pune]]. Vinayakrao accepted this challenge and proceeded to learn complex [[raga]]s from Vazhe.

In the late 1940s, when [[Bhimsen Joshi]] was searching for a teacher, he met Vinayakrao in [[Jalandhar]]. Vinayakrao advised him to learn from [[Sawai Gandharva]]. Later, Patwardhan took up roles in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] musicals. Heeding his teacher's admonition about singing for films, Vinayak went to Pune and established his own branch of the [[Gandharva Mahavidyalaya]]. Despite his young age, he had decided to dedicate himself to teaching music and ignored the lure of drama and film.

Vinayakrao trained disciples who became well known, including his guru's son, [[D.V. Paluskar]], and [[Sunanda Patnaik]].

=== Singer ===

Vinayakrao Patwardhan's singing reflected the simple and straightforward approach to ragas, which is the characteristic of the Gwalior Gharana style. His favorite ragas included <nowiki>''</nowiki>Bahar<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>Adana<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>Multani<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>Malhar<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>Jaijaivanti<nowiki>''</nowiki>, <nowiki>''</nowiki>Hameer<nowiki>''</nowiki> and <nowiki>''</nowiki>Bhairav-bahar<nowiki>''</nowiki>. He performed in most of the important music festivals. He was one of the few practicing musicians of the time who wrote textbooks on music. In his seven-part <nowiki>''</nowiki>Raaga Vigyan<nowiki>''</nowiki> series, Vinayakrao described the important aspects of various ragas as well as their grammar. In his concerts and recordings, his fellow-student [[Narayanrao Vyas]] accompanied Vinayakrao.

== Recognition ==
He was awarded the [[Padma Bhushan]] award in 1972 by the [[President of India]].<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web | url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf | title=Padma Awards | publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India | date=2015 | access-date=21 July 2015}}</ref> He led the Indian cultural delegation to the [[Soviet Union|USSR]] and other countries.

The Film & TV Institute of India supported a documentary on him by Aruna Raje.

== Legacy ==
One of his disciples, L.R. Kelkar, settled down in Madras (Chennai). Author Rohiniprasad learned sitar from him initially. Among Kelkar's better-known disciples is violinist [[N. Rajam]], who also studied with [[Omkarnath Thakur]] in Benares.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{SangeetNatakAkademiFellowship}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Patwardhan, Vinayakrao}}
[[Category:1898 births]]
[[Category:1975 deaths]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts]]
[[Category:Hindustani singers]]
[[Category:Gwalior gharana]]
[[Category:Marathi people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male classical singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Khyal singers]]

Vinayakrao Patwardhan - Revision history

->Rathfelder: −Category:20th-century singers; ±Category:20th-century Indian musicians→Category:20th-century Indian male classical singers using HotCat