Viluppuram district - Revision history

Nekilortashush at 14:28, 24 September 2025

2025-09-24T14:28:24Z

150.129.101.74: robot: Update article

2022-04-10T18:22:58Z

robot: Update article

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:52, 10 April 2022
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	\| image_alt =		\| image_alt =
	\| image_caption = [[Gingee Fort]]		\| image_caption = [[Gingee Fort]]
	\| image_map = ~~India~~ Tamil Nadu ~~districts Viluppuram.svg~~		\| image_map = {{maplink \|frame=yes
			\|frame-width=275 \|frame-height=275 \|frame-align=center
			\|text= '''Vizhuppuram district'''
			\|type=shape \|id=Q15205
			\|stroke-colour=#C60C30
			\|stroke-width=2
			\|title= Vizhuppuram district of Tamil Nadu
			\|type2=line\|id2=Q1445\|stroke-width2=1\|stroke-colour2=#0000ff\|title2=Tamil Nadu
			}}
	\| map_alt =		\| map_alt =
	\| map_caption = Location ~~of Viluppuram district~~ in Tamil Nadu		\| map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu
	\| coordinates = {{coord\|11\|57\|16.92\|N\|79\|31\|39.83\|E\|display=inline,title}}		\| coordinates = {{coord\|11\|57\|16.92\|N\|79\|31\|39.83\|E\|display=inline,title}}
	\| subdivision_type = Country		\| subdivision_type = Country
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	\| subdivision_name2 = <!-- for neighbourhoods/suburbs only -->		\| subdivision_name2 = <!-- for neighbourhoods/suburbs only -->
	\| subdivision_type3 = Municipalities		\| subdivision_type3 = Municipalities
	\| subdivision_name3 = [[Viluppuram]], [[Tindivanam]]		\| subdivision_name3 = [[Viluppuram]], [[Tindivanam]], [[Kottakuppam]]
	~~\| subdivision_type4 = Largest Town~~		\| established_title = Established
	~~\| subdivision_name4 =~~ [[~~Viluppuram~~]]		\| established_date = 1993
	~~\| subdivision_type5 = Town Panchayats~~
	~~\| subdivision_name5 =~~
	\| established_title = ~~<!--~~ Established ~~-->~~
	\| established_date ~~= Established~~
	~~\| established_name1~~ = 1993
	\| founder =		\| founder =
	\| named_for =		\| named_for =
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	\| population_rank = 11		\| population_rank = 11
	\| population_density_km2 = auto		\| population_density_km2 = auto
	\| Sex Ratio (Per 1000) = 987		\| blank_name_sec1 = Sex Ratio (Per 1000)
	\| Literacy Rate = 71.88		\| blank_info_sec1 = 987
			\| blank_name_sec2 = Literacy Rate
			\| blank_info_sec2 = {{percentage\|71.88\|100\|2}}
	\| population_demonym =		\| population_demonym =
	\| population_footnotes =		\| population_footnotes =
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	The [[Chola Dynasty\|Cholas]] were among the earliest rulers. [[Karikala Chola]] was the most influential. [[Simhavishnu\|Simhavishnu Pallava]] overthrew the Cholas, and the region came under the [[Pallava Dynasty\|Pallava]] rule. [[Vijayalaya Chola]] restored the rule of Chola, marking the beginning of the [[Chola Dynasty\|Chola Empire]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/the-chola-empire-195485\|title=History of India's Chola Empire\|publisher=ThoughtCo\|access-date=24 September 2018\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>		The [[Chola Dynasty\|Cholas]] were among the earliest rulers. [[Karikala Chola]] was the most influential. [[Simhavishnu\|Simhavishnu Pallava]] overthrew the Cholas, and the region came under the [[Pallava Dynasty\|Pallava]] rule. [[Vijayalaya Chola]] restored the rule of Chola, marking the beginning of the [[Chola Dynasty\|Chola Empire]].<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/the-chola-empire-195485\|title=History of India's Chola Empire\|publisher=ThoughtCo\|access-date=24 September 2018\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

	With the rise of [[Sadayavarman Sundara Pandyan I\|Jatavarman Sundara Pandya I]] (1251 CE), Chola supremacy came to an end. The [[Pandya dynasty\|Pandyan dynasty]] rule lasted more than 50 years, followed by Muslim domination from 1334 CE to 1378 CE. By 1378 CE, the region came under the rule of [[Vijayanagara Empire\|Vijayanagara empire]], and [[Nayak Dynasty\|Nayaks]] were appointed rulers of the region.{{citation needed\|date=July 2019}}		The entire district became a war zone during the [[Carnatic Wars\|Anglo-French rivalry]] and it came under the control of the [[East India Company]]. It remained under [[British Raj\|British]] authority until the independence of India in 1947.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/historypage.htm\|title=History of Viluppuram\|publisher=Viluppuram Municipality\|access-date=6 November 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103143515/http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/historypage.htm\|archive-date=3 November 2015\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

	In 1677, [[Shivaji]] overtook the [[Gingee]] area with the help of [[Golkonda]] forces.{{citation needed\|date=June 2019}} Then came the reign of the [[Mughal Empire\|Mughals]], which is when the [[British Raj\|English]] and [[French India\|French]] acquired settlements in [[South Arcot District (Madras Presidency)\|South Arcot District]].{{citation needed\|date=June 2019}} The entire district became a war zone during the [[Carnatic Wars\|Anglo-French rivalry]] and it came under the control of the [[East India Company]]. It remained under [[British Raj\|British]] authority until the independence of India in 1947.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/historypage.htm\|title=History of Viluppuram\|publisher=Viluppuram Municipality\|access-date=6 November 2015\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103143515/http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/historypage.htm\|archive-date=3 November 2015\|url-status=live\|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

	== Geography ==		== Geography ==
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	==Taluks==		==Taluks==
	Viluppuram district is composed of 9 [[taluk]]s:<ref>https://viluppuram.nic.in/about-district/maps/</ref>		Viluppuram district is composed of 9 [[taluk]]s:<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://viluppuram.nic.in/about-district/maps/\|title = Maps \| Viluppuram District, Govt of Tamil Nadu \| India}}</ref>
	* [[Gingee taluk\|Gingee]]		* [[Gingee taluk\|Gingee]]
	* [[Kandachipuram taluk\|Kandachipuram]]		* [[Kandachipuram taluk\|Kandachipuram]]

imported>Ezhil01298 at 01:47, 26 August 2021

2021-08-26T01:47:03Z

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=April 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Viluppuram District
| official_name = Vizhuppuram
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Tamil Nadu|District]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]
| image_skyline = Kalyana Mahal from Rajagiri.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Gingee Fort]]
| image_map = India Tamil Nadu districts Viluppuram.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Viluppuram district in Tamil Nadu
| coordinates = {{coord|11|57|16.92|N|79|31|39.83|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[File:TamilNadu Logo.svg|22px]] [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = Metro
| subdivision_name2 = 
| subdivision_type3 = Municipalities
| subdivision_name3 = [[Viluppuram]], [[Tindivanam]]
| subdivision_type4 = Largest Town
| subdivision_name4 = [[Viluppuram]]
| subdivision_type5 = Town Panchayats
| subdivision_name5 =
| established_title = 
| established_date = Established
| established_name1 = 1993
| founder =
| named_for =
| parts_type = [[Taluka]]s
| parts = [[Gingee taluk|Gingee]], [[Kandachipuram taluk|Kandachipuram]], [[Marakkanam taluk|Marakkanam]], [[Melmalayanur taluk|Melmalayanur]], [[Tindivanam taluk|Tindivanam]], [[Tiruvennainallur taluk|Tiruvennainallur]], [[Vanur taluk|Vanur]], [[Vikravandi taluk|Vikravandi]], [[Viluppuram taluk|Villupuram]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Viluppuram]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title1 = Collector
| leader_name1 = A. Annadurai, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]], Radhakrishnan IPS (SP)
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 3,725
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 2,093,003
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank = 11
| population_density_km2 = auto
| Sex Ratio (Per 1000) = 987
| Literacy Rate = 71.88
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = '''604xxx, 6056xx, 6062xx'''
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 04146, 04147, 04149, 04151, 04153
| registration_plate = ''',TN-16,TN-32'''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tn.gov.in/sta/a2.pdf |title=www.tn.gov.in |access-date=2011-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912173047/http://www.tn.gov.in/sta/a2.pdf |archive-date=12 September 2012 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[IUCN protected area categories|IUCN category]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 
| blank2_name_sec1 = Central location:
| blank2_info_sec1 =
| website = {{URL|http://viluppuram.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Viluppuram''', '''Villupuram''' or '''Vizhuppuram''' is one of the [[Districts of Tamil Nadu|38 districts]] that make up the state of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. It was founded on 30 September 1993, prior to which it was part of the [[Cuddalore District|Cuddalore district]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://viluppuram.nic.in/about-district/history/|title=History {{!}} Viluppuram District, Govt of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-21}}</ref> Vizhuppuram district lies in the way of the national highway connecting [[Tiruchirappalli]] and [[Chennai]], and contains historical landmarks like the 500 year-old [[Gingee Fort]].

__TOC__

==History==
Vizhuppuram district was once a part of the [[South Arcot District (Madras Presidency)|South Arcot district]] along with the [[Cuddalore District|Cuddalore district]]. Later, the Cuddalore district was bifurcated and Vizhuppuram district came into existence on 30 September 1993. As a result, the Vizhuppuram district's history closely resembles that of Cuddalore's.

The [[Chola Dynasty|Cholas]] were among the earliest rulers. [[Karikala Chola]] was the most influential. [[Simhavishnu|Simhavishnu Pallava]] overthrew the Cholas, and the region came under the [[Pallava Dynasty|Pallava]] rule. [[Vijayalaya Chola]] restored the rule of Chola, marking the beginning of the [[Chola Dynasty|Chola Empire]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/the-chola-empire-195485|title=History of India's Chola Empire|publisher=ThoughtCo|access-date=24 September 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

With the rise of [[Sadayavarman Sundara Pandyan I|Jatavarman Sundara Pandya I]] (1251 CE), Chola supremacy came to an end. The [[Pandya dynasty|Pandyan dynasty]] rule lasted more than 50 years, followed by Muslim domination from 1334 CE to 1378 CE. By 1378 CE, the region came under the rule of [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara empire]], and [[Nayak Dynasty|Nayaks]] were appointed rulers of the region.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

In 1677, [[Shivaji]] overtook the [[Gingee]] area with the help of [[Golkonda]] forces.{{citation needed|date=June 2019}} Then came the reign of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]], which is when the [[British Raj|English]] and [[French India|French]] acquired settlements in [[South Arcot District (Madras Presidency)|South Arcot District]].{{citation needed|date=June 2019}} The entire district became a war zone during the [[Carnatic Wars|Anglo-French rivalry]] and it came under the control of the [[East India Company]]. It remained under [[British Raj|British]] authority until the independence of India in 1947.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/historypage.htm|title=History of Viluppuram|publisher=Viluppuram Municipality|access-date=6 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103143515/http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/historypage.htm|archive-date=3 November 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

== Geography ==
The district shares borders with [[Bay of Bengal]] in the east, [[Puducherry district|Puducherry]] district of the union territory [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] in the southeast and the districts [[Chengalpattu district|Chengalpattu]] and [[Tiruvannamalai district|Tiruvannamalai]] in the north, [[Cuddalore district|Cuddalore]] in the south and [[Kallakurichi district|Kallakurichi]] in the west.

==Economy==
In 2006, the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Vizhuppuram one of the 250 most backward districts (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]) in the country.<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the six districts in Tamil Nadu currently receiving funding from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund|Backward Regions Grant Fund Program]] (BRGFP).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Taluks==
Viluppuram district is composed of 9 [[taluk]]s:<ref>https://viluppuram.nic.in/about-district/maps/</ref>
* [[Gingee taluk|Gingee]]
* [[Kandachipuram taluk|Kandachipuram]]
* [[Marakkanam taluk|Marakkanam]]
* [[Melmalayanur taluk|Melmalayanur]]
* [[Tindivanam taluk|Tindivanam]]
* [[Tiruvennainallur taluk|Tiruvennainallur]]
* [[Vanur taluk|Vanur]]
* [[Vikravandi taluk|Vikravandi]]
* [[Viluppuram taluk|Villupuram]]

==Demographics==
According to [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], the Viluppuram district had a population of 3,458,873 with a sex-ratio of 987 females per 1,000 males, which is well above the national average of 929.<ref name="dashboard">{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113144743/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/censusinfodashboard/index.html|archive-date=13 November 2013|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> A total of 404,106 residents were under the age of six, constituting 208,246 males and 195,860 females. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] accounted for 29.37% and 2.16% of the population, respectively.

The average literacy of the district was 63.48%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.<ref name="dashboard" /> The district had a total of 800,368 households. There were a total of 1,703,249 workers, including 322,900 farmers, 537,581 farm workers, 23,961 in household industries, 376,360 other workers, 442,447 marginal workers, 46,746 marginal farmers, 294,632 marginal farm workers, 14,276 marginal workers in household industries and 86,793 other marginal workers.<ref name="2011census">{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Viluppuram district|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=683112|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924144249/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=683112|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>{{historical populations|11=1901|12=12,37,061|13=1911|14=13,87,893|15=1921|16=13,62,937|17=1931|18=14,41,904|19=1941|20=15,32,516|21=1951|22=16,31,216|23=1961|24=17,47,460|25=1971|26=20,48,400|27=1981|28=23,73,952|29=1991|30=27,55,674|31=2001|32=29,60,373|33=2011|34=34,58,873|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}

==See also==
*[[List of districts of Tamil Nadu]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://viluppuram.nic.in/ Official website]
* [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1819599#map=9/12.4027/79.2426&layers=C Viluppuram district] marked on OpenStreetMap

{{Viluppuram district}}
{{Tamil Nadu}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Viluppuram district| ]]
[[Category:1993 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Districts of Tamil Nadu]]