imported>Villupuram gadget at 17:16, 25 August 2021

2021-08-25T17:16:49Z

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{{more footnotes|date=April 2019}}
{{original research|date=April 2019}}

{{EngvarB|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Villupuram <br> விழுப்புரம்
| image_caption = [[Vizhuppuram Junction]], District Court, [[Gingee Fort]]
| nickname Vizihimanagaram = Vizihimanagaram
| pushpin_map = India Tamil Nadu
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates = {{coord|11.941|N|79.493|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagicon|IND}} [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Nadu Naadu]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Villupuram district|Villupuram]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 1919
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Selection Grade Municipality
| governing_body = Villupuram Greater Municipality
| leader_title = Chairman
| leader_name = Vacant
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Vizhuppurampopulation">{{cite web|url=https://data.gov.in/resources/area-wise-population-within-corporations-and-municipalities-tamil-nadu/download|format=XLS|title=Area-wise Population within corporations and municipalities in Tamil Nadu|publisher=Government Of India|access-date=2014-02-13|page=2}}</ref>
| area_total_km2 = 33.13
| area_rank = 15
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 44
| population_total = 96253<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Viluppuram|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=685016|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Viluppurampopulation">{{cite web|url=https://data.gov.in/resources/area-wise-population-within-corporations-and-municipalities-tamil-nadu/download|format=XLS|title=Area-wise Population within corporations and municipalities in Tamil Nadu|publisher=Government Of India|access-date=2014-02-13|page=2}}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 605601,605602,605401,605103,605301
| area_code = +91–04146(STD Code)
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = TN–32
| blank1_name_sec1 = Distance from [[Chennai]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = {{convert|160|km|mi}}
| website = {{URL|www.viluppuram.tn.nic.in|Viluppuram Municipality}}
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| blank2_info_sec1 =
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank4_info_sec1 = 998 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank4_name_sec2 = Literacy
| blank4_info_sec2 = 90.16%
| blank5_name_sec1 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank5_info_sec1 = [[Climatic regions of India|Aw]]<small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| official_name =
}}
'''Viluppuram''', '''Villupuram''', or '''Vizhuppuram'''<ref>{{cite news|title=Viluppuram, not Villupuram|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/its-viluppuram-say-activists/article7390968.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=16 July 2015}}</ref> ({{IPA-ta|ʋiɻɯppɯɾam|lang|Viluppuram.ogg}}) is a municipal corporation and the administrative headquarters of [[Viluppuram district|Vizhuppuram district]].

It is located 160 km south to state capital chennai and 160 km north to trichy. Nearby cities located {{convert|61|km|mi|0}} south east of a [[Tiruvannamalai]] and {{convert |45|km|mi|0}} north west of Cuddalore. The city serves as a major railway junction, and [[National Highway 45 (India)(old numbering)|National Highway 45]] passes through it. Agriculture as its main source of income. As Government of India 2014 census data indicated, Vizhuppuram had a population of 96,253.<ref>'''Census''' ('''2011'''), Primary '''Census''' Abstracts, Registrar General of '''India''', Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of '''India''', Available at: <nowiki>http://www.censusindia.gov</nowiki>.</ref> and the city's literacy rate has been recorded as 90.16% by Census 2011.<ref>{{ cite web|title=Viluppuram Census 2011|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/803431-viluppuram-tamil-nadu.html}}</ref>

In 1919, Vizhuppuram was officially constituted as a municipality, which today comprises 42 wards, making it the largest city and municipality in [[Viluppuram district|Vizhuppuram district]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Villupuram Municipality|url=https://www.tnurbantree.tn.gov.in/villupuram/|url-status=live|access-date=23 June 2021|website=Villupuram Municipality}}</ref>

==History==
In 1677, [[Shivaji]] took [[Gingee]] area with the assistance of [[Golkonda]] forces. Later in 18th century, both the [[British Raj|English]] and [[French India|French]] acquired settlements in [[South Arcot District (Madras Presidency)|South Arcot]]. During the [[Carnatic Wars|Anglo-French rivalry]], the entire district was turned into a war land. After some time, the entire area came under the control of [[East India Company]]. It remained under [[British Raj|British]] authority till 1947 when India became independent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/historypage.htm|title=History of Viluppuram|publisher=Viluppuram Municipality}}</ref>

After independence, the district as we know it today, was part of the larger [[South Arcot District (Madras Presidency)|South Arcot District]] headquartered at Cuddalore. On 30 September 1993, Villupuram became the headquarters of the newly created [[Viluppuram district|Vizhuppuram District]] as a result of the division of the South Arcot District.<ref>{{Cite web|title=History {{!}} Viluppuram District, Govt of Tamil Nadu {{!}} India|url=https://viluppuram.nic.in/about-district/history/|access-date=2021-02-23|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Geography==
Vizhuppuram is located in 11° 56' N 79° 29' E.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O39DAAAAYAAJ&q=Villupuram%2C+India&pg=PA314|title=Imperial Gazetteer of India ...|work=google.com|last1=Cotton|first1=James Sutherland|last2=Burn|first2=Sir Richard|last3=Meyer|first3=Sir William Stevenson|year=1908}}</ref> which is in the far southeast part of India, situated {{convert|160|km}} south of [[Chennai]], {{convert|160|km}} north of [[Tiruchirapalli|Trichy]], {{convert|177|km}} east of [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]], {{convert|40|km}} west of [[Pondicherry]] shares the seashore of the [[Bay of Bengal]].<ref name="google.com">{{cite and
web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Villupuram,+Tamil+Nadu,+India/@11.9766285,79.3158042,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3a5356ebd4449db7:0xe06a76a0bf5f11a9|title=Google Maps|work=Google Maps}}</ref>

The area contains metamorphic rocks formed by pressure and heat belonging to the granite-like [[gneiss]] family. There are also three major groups of sedimentary rocks, layers of particles that settled in different geological periods.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.twadboard.gov.in/twad/villupuram_dist.aspx|title=TAMILNADU WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE BOARD|work=twadboard.gov.in}}</ref> [[Kalrayan Hills]]<ref name="britannica">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Pachaimalai Hills|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online|date=2007|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9057904|access-date=2007-03-15}}</ref> forest park is located {{convert|116|km}} to the west and [[Gingee|Gingee Hills]] forest park {{convert|50|km}} to the north. The Thatagiri Murugan Temple is about {{convert|191|km}} to the southeast in [[Senthamangalam]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> with the Lord Siva temple in Koppampatti {{convert|153|km}} southwest of the town.<ref name="google.com"/>

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
|align = left
|state=collapsed
|1961|43496
|1971|60242
|1981|77091
|1991|88788
|2001|95455
|2011|96253
|footnote=Sources:<br />
* 1961 – 2001<ref>{{cite web|title = historic population|url =http://s3.amazonaws.com/zanran_storage/municipality.tn.gov.in/ContentPages/115369759.pdf}}</ref>
* 2011<ref name=2011census>{{cite web|title=Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Viluppuram|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=685016|publisher=Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|year=2013|access-date=26 January 2014}}</ref>
* 2014<ref name="Viluppurampopulation">{{cite web|url=https://data.gov.in/resources/area-wise-population-within-corporations-and-municipalities-tamil-nadu/download|format=XLS|title=Area-wise Population within corporations and municipalities in Tamil Nadu|publisher=Government Of India|access-date=2014-02-13|page=2}}</ref>
}}

{{As of|2011|alt=As of the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]]}}, Viluppuram municipality was divided into 42 wards for which elections are held every five years and had a population of 96,253 of which 47,670 were male and 48,583 female.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2019-05-21|title=Viluppuram Municipality City Population Census 2011-2019|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/town/803431-viluppuram-tamil-nadu.html|website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>

== Administration ==
{| style="clear:left; float:left; background:#ffffff; margin: 0.5em 1em 0 0;" class="toccolours" width="220" font-size : "90%"
|-
!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|'''Municipality officials'''
|-
|align="center"| Chairman||Vacant
(Since 2016)
|-
!style="background:#A8BDEC" align="center" colspan="2"|'''Elected members'''
|-
|align="center"|Member of Legislative Assembly||[[R. Lakshmanan]]<ref>{{cite web|title=MLA of Viluppuram|url=http://www.assembly.tn.gov.in/members/profile/171.htm|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2011|access-date=2012-11-16}}</ref>
|-
|align="center"|Member of Parliament||[[ Ravikumar_(writer)|D. Ravi kumar]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Members of Lok Sabha from Tamil Nadu|url=http://www.tn.gov.in/government/loksaba?page=1|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu|year=2014|access-date =26 May 2014}}</ref>
|}

Viluppuram is part of the [[Viluppuram (Lok Sabha constituency)|Vizhuppuram Lok Sabha constituency]] and the [[Villupuram (State Assembly Constituency)|Vizhuppuram State Assembly constituency]]. The municipality was established in 1919 and was upgraded to a second-grade municipality in 1953, the first-grade municipality in 1973, and a selection grade municipality in 1988. It has a population of 145874 (2011 census) and an area of {{convert|33|km2}}. The city is divided into 42 wards. The municipal council is composed of 42 ward councilors and is headed by a chairperson elected by voters of the town. Councilors-elect a vice-chairperson among themselves while the executive wing is headed by a commissioner, who is assisted by a team of officials including the health officer, municipal engineer, town planning officer, manager, revenue officer and other staff.

{{bar box|title=Religious census<ref>{{cite web|title=Viluppuram Religion Data 2011|url=http://census2011.co.in/data/town/803431-viluppuram-tamil-nadu.html|publisher=Census 2011|year=2011}}</ref>|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=right|bars={{bar percent|[[Hinduism|Hindu]]|Orange|78.35}}{{bar percent|[[Islam|Muslim]]|Green|14.88}}{{bar percent|[[Christianity|Christian]]|purple|6.15}}{{bar percent|[[Jainism|Jain]]|Blue|0.38}}{{bar percent|[[Sikhism|Sikh]]|yellow|0.02}}{{bar percent|[[Buddhism|Buddhist]]|Gold|0.01}}{{bar percent|Other|grey|0.01}}{{bar percent|[[Irreligion|No religion]]|violet|0.20}}}}

==Transport==
{{main|Transport in Villupuram}}

===Road===
Viluppuram city is connected by roads to major cities and to the rest of the state. The city has two bus stand namely old and new bus stand. The old Bus stand serves for intra city and nearby villages whereas new bus stand serves for intercity and interstate. The major national highways of the city are:
* [[National Highway 38 (India)|NH]] 38, which connects [[Vellore]] and [[Thoothukudi]], via [[Tiruvannamalai]] - Viluppuram – [[Tiruchirapalli]] –[[Madurai]] – [[Aruppukkottai|Aruppukottai]].
* NH 332, which connects Viluppuram and [[Nagapatinam]] via Pondicherry, Cuddalore
* NH 132, which Connects Villupuram and [[Tindivanam]].
* NH 36, which connects [[Vikravandi]] and [[Manamadurai]] via [[Panruti]] – [[Neyveli]] – [[Kumbakonam]] - [[Thanjavur]] - [[Pudukkottai|Pudukottai]] bypasses Villupuram at 5 km in Koliyanur. 

===Rail===
[[File: Viluppuram Railway Junction.jpg|thumb|Vizhuppuram Railway Junction]]

Vizhuppuram has a railway station. It was first built under the British.{{cn|date=November 2018}} The [[Viluppuram Railway Junction]] at Vizhuppuram serves as the distribution point of rail traffic from [[Chennai]], the state capital of Tamil Nadu, towards the southern part of the state. It is one of the important junctions in [[Southern Railway Zone|Southern Railway]].<ref name="indianrailinfo">{{cite web | url=http://indiarailinfo.com/departures/villupuram-junction-vm/785 | title=Indianrailinfo – Viluppuram Junction Departures | publisher=Indianrailinfo | access-date=5 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Origins and history of Southern Railway|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/12705/10/10_chapter%202.pdf|access-date=14 February 2015}}</ref> Five railway lines branch out of Vizhuppuram:
* Fully Electrified Double BG ([[Broad Gauge]]) line (FEDL) towards [[Chennai Beach railway station|Chennai Beach]] via [[Chengalpattu Junction railway station|Chengulpattu Junction]].<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.hindu.com/2011/04/20/stories/2011042059320100.htm | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110426035521/http://www.hindu.com/2011/04/20/stories/2011042059320100.htm | url-status =dead | archive-date =26 April 2011 |title =More BG sections to be electrified | last= R. Rajaram| work =[[The Hindu]] | date =2011-04-20 | access-date = 7 January 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/ataglancepage.htm | title = Villupuram District at a Glance | publisher = Villupuram district administration | access-date = 7 January 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131226121529/http://www.viluppuram.nic.in/ataglancepage.htm | archive-date = 26 December 2013 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref>
* Fully Electrified Double BG (Broad Gauge) line (FEDL) towards [[Tiruchirappalli Junction railway station|Tiruchirapalli Junction]] via [[Virudhachalam Junction railway station|Vridhachalam Junction]] and [[Ariyalur]]. Also called "[[Chord Line, Tamil Nadu|Chord Line]]" to [[Tiruchirapalli]].<ref name=chdele>{{cite news|title=Electrification work from Villupuram to Tiruchi completed: E. Ahamed|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/article79540.ece|access-date=1 January 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=12 January 2010}}</ref><ref name="30psgr">{{cite news|last=R.Rajaram|title=Tiruchi-Chennai line to get decongested|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Tiruchirapalli/tiruchichennai-line-to-get-decongested/article4901303.ece|access-date=1 January 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=10 July 2010}}</ref><ref name="tpjdoub">{{cite news|title=Doubling work on 25-km stretch completed in Trichy division|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-05-16/madurai/39309354_1_trichy-division-doubling-work-railway-line|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227200258/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-05-16/madurai/39309354_1_trichy-division-doubling-work-railway-line|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 December 2013|access-date=1 January 2014|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=16 May 2013}}</ref><ref name="tpjdnpa">{{cite news|title=Kallakudi Palanganatham-Ariyalur railway line nearing completion|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/kallakudi-palanganathamariyalur-railway-line-nearing-completion/article5027784.ece|access-date=1 January 2014|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=16 August 2013}}</ref>
* Fully Electrified BG (Broad Gauge) line (FEDL) towards [[Tiruchirappalli Junction railway station|Tiruchirapalli Junction]] via [[Cuddalore Port Junction railway station|Cuddalore Port Junction]], [[Mayiladuthurai Junction railway station|Mayiladuthurai Junction]], [[Kumbakonam]] and [[Thanjavur Junction railway station|Thanjavur Junction]]. Also called Main Line.<ref name=irfcai>{{cite web| url=http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-hist.html| title=IR History: Early Days – I| work=Chronology of railways in India, Part 2 (1832 – 1865)| access-date = 3 January 2014 }}</ref><ref name=irfcaii>{{cite web| url=http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-history2.html| title=IR History: Early Days – II| work=Chronology of railways in India, Part 2 (1870 – 1899)| access-date = 3 January 2014}}</ref>
* Electrified BG (Broad Gauge) line towards [[Katpadi Junction railway station|Katpadi Junction]] via [[Tiruvannamalai]] and [[Vellore Cantonment railway station|Vellore Cantonment]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Passengers seek shuttle train in Villupuram-Katpadi section|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/passengers-seek-shuttle-train-in-villupuramkatpadi-section/article5063860.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=27 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Special trains between Katpadi and Villupuram|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/special-trains-between-katpadi-and-villupuram/article2871444.ece|newspaper=The Hindu| access-date=8 February 2012}}</ref>
* Electrified BG (Broad Gauge) line to [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]].<ref>{{cite news|title= Residents demand railway station |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/06/stories/2009010653370300.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130616013920/http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/06/stories/2009010653370300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 June 2013|date=6 Jan 2009|location=Puducherry |work= [[The Hindu]] |access-date=2013-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=A dream-come-true Railway budget: Union Minister|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/a-dreamcometrue-railway-budget-union-minister/article4457587.ece|first=Jaisankar|last=C. |date=27 February 2013 |agency=[[The Hindu]]|location=Puducherry|access-date=2013-04-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Bomb scare at railway station|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/bomb-scare-at-railway-station/article4289418.ece|date=3 February 2013|agency=[[The Hindu]]|location=Puducherry|access-date=2013-04-14}}</ref>
Some important express trains originating or terminating from Villupuram junction are
1. Villupuram - Kharagpur superfast express
2. Villupuram - Purulia superfast express
3. Villupuram - Madurai express

===Air===
The nearest airport is [[Pondicherry Airport]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Puducherry airport to go on stream in October|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-09-03/news/30110146_1_puducherry-airport-runway-lawspet|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |date= 3 Sep 2011 |access-date=3 January 2012}}</ref> at [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]],<ref name= IBN>{{cite news|title=Flight operations await new terminal |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/flight-operations-await-new-terminal/256422-60-118.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513121042/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/flight-operations-await-new-terminal/256422-60-118.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 May 2012|publisher=[[IBN Live]] |date= 10 May 2012 |access-date=3 July 2012}}</ref> in [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]], approximately 40 km from Viluppuram. Pondicherry Airport is connected to Bangalore by commercial airlines.

The nearest major airport is the [[Chennai International Airport]] (MAA), approximately 147 km from the town; the next closest major airport is [[Tiruchirappalli International Airport|Tiruchirapalli international Airport]], approximately 170 km from the town.

==Climate==
Since the town is landlocked, the weather in Viluppuram is generally humid and hot. It relies on the [[monsoon]] for rain during October, November and December. Summers are very hot, and temperatures can get up to {{convert|40|C}}. Winters are moderate with temperatures ranging between {{convert|30|and|35|C}} Viluppuram has a [[tropical climate]]. In winter, there is much less rainfall in Viluppuram than in summer. This climate is considered to be [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]] according to the [[Köppen climate classification|Köppen-Geiger climate classification]].

The average annual temperature is {{convert|28.4|C}} in Viluppuram with average annual rainfall of {{convert|1046|mm}}. The driest month is March, with {{convert|6|mm}} of rainfall. With an average of {{convert|222|mm}} per annum, the most precipitation falls in October. The warmest month of the year is May, with an average temperature of {{convert|32.0|C}}. January has the lowest average temperature of the year at {{convert|24.6|C}}

{{Weather box|width=auto
|location = Viluppuram
|metric first = Y
|single line = Y

|Jan high C = 28.8
|Feb high C = 30.6
|Mar high C = 32.9
|Apr high C = 34.7
|May high C = 37.1
|Jun high C = 37.1
|Jul high C = 34.5
|Aug high C = 34.8
|Sep high C = 34.2
|Oct high C = 32.0
|Nov high C = 29.5
|Dec high C = 28.2

|Jan low C = 20.4
|Feb low C = 20.8
|Mar low C = 22.7
|Apr low C = 25.6
|May low C = 27.0
|Jun low C = 26.9
|Jul low C = 25.9
|Aug low C = 25.3
|Sep low C = 24.9
|Oct low C = 22.1
|Nov low C = 22.5
|Dec low C = 21.2
|precipitation colour=green
|Jan rain mm = 20
|Feb rain mm = 7
|Mar rain mm = 6
|Apr rain mm = 16
|May rain mm = 40
|Jun rain mm = 45
|Jul rain mm = 80
|Aug rain mm = 149
|Sep rain mm = 135
|Oct rain mm = 222
|Nov rain mm = 216
|Dec rain mm = 110

|source 1 = en.climate-data.org,<ref name= climate >{{cite web
| url = http://en.climate-data.org/location/34141/ | title = Climate:Viluppuram | access-date = 4 January 2014 }}</ref>
}}

The difference in precipitation between the driest month and the wettest month is {{convert|216|mm}}. During the year, the average temperatures vary by {{convert|7.4|C}}.

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://viluppuram.nic.in/ Viluppuram District Official Website]

{{commons category}}

{{Municipalities of Tamil Nadu}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category: Cities and towns in Viluppuram district]]

Viluppuram - Revision history

imported>Villupuram gadget at 17:16, 25 August 2021