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{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox writer 
| name = Vijaydan Detha
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| pseudonym = Bijji
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1926|9|1}}
| birth_place = [[Jodhpur district|Borunda]], [[Jodhpur State]], [[British India]] <br>(now in [[Rajasthan]], India)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2013|11|10|1926|9|1}}
| death_place = [[Jodhpur]], [[Rajasthan]], India
| occupation = Writer
| period =
| genre = [[Satire]], [[folklore]]
| subject = [[Socialism]], [[Antifeudalism]], [[feminism]]
| movement =
| spouse = Sayar Kanwar
| partner =
| children = 5, including Kailash Kabir
| relatives =
| signature =
| website =
}}
'''Vijaydan Detha''' (1 September 1926 – 10 November 2013), also known as '''Bijji''', was a noted Indian writer of [[Rajasthani literature]].<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |year=2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6U68ulwpb?url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 November 2014 }}</ref> He was a recipient of several awards including the [[Padma Shri]] and the [[Sahitya Akademi Award]].

Detha has more than 800 short stories to his credit, which have been translated into [[English language|English]] and other languages. With [[Komal Kothari]], he founded Rupayan Sansthan, an institute that documents Rajasthani folklore, [[Rajasthani art|art]], and [[Rajasthani music|music]]. His literary works include ''Bataan ri Phulwari'' (Garden of Tales), a 14-volume collection of stories that draws on folklore in the spoken dialects of Rajasthan. Many of his stories and novels have been adapted for the stage and the screen: adaptations include [[Mani Kaul]]'s ''[[Duvidha]]'' (1973),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2011/jul/14/mani-kaul-obituary|title=Film flashback, The ghost in the tree, from 1973}}</ref> [[Habib Tanvir]] and [[Shyam Benegal]]'s ''[[Charandas Chor]]'' (1975),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moviebuff.com/charandas-chor|title=Moviebuff}}</ref> [[Prakash Jha]]'s ''[[Parinati]] (''1986),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thelittlecorner.home.blog/2019/04/19/parinati-1989-fate-and-greed-in-rajasthan-a-long-time-ago/|title=Fate and Greed in Rajasthan A Long Time Ago}}</ref> [[Amol Palekar]]'s ''[[Paheli]]'' (2005),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/paheli-is-a-whim-of-mine-says-shah-rukh/story-qSc6WyJ1NwwXVICKgcV6pL.html|title='Paheli' is a whim of mine, says Shah Rukh}}</ref> Pushpendra Singh's ''The Honour Keeper'' (2014),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/honor-keeper-lajwanti-berlin-review-679334|title=A love story out of a folk take about a woman who claims her freedom in timeless Rajasthan}}</ref> [[Dedipya Joshii]]'s ''[[Kaanchli Life in a Slough]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.glamsham.com/en/movie-review-kaanchli-life-in-a-slough|title=Kaanchli Life in a Slough movie review: Raw, bold & probing}}</ref> (2020), Pushpendra Singh's ''Laila aur Satt Geet'' (2020)<ref>{{cite web|title=The Whole Idea of borders redundant: Laila aur satt geet director Pushpendra Singh|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/entertainment-others/film-laila-aur-saat-geet-indian-express-6299608/}}</ref>
==Biography==
Vijaydan Detha hailed from the [[Charan]] community. His father Sabaldan Detha and grandfather Jugtidan Detha were also well-known poets of [[Rajasthan]]. Detha lost his father and two of his brothers in a feud when he was four years old. At the age of six he moved to [[Jaitaran]] (25 km from [[Borunda]]), where his brother Sumerdan worked in a civil court and where Detha studied until Class IV. Sumerdan had a transferable job, so Detha moved with him, studying in [[Bihar]] and [[Barmer, Rajasthan|Barmer]]. It was in Barmer, while competing with another student, Narsingh Rajpurohit, that Detha realised that he wanted to be a writer. Sumerdan later transferred to [[Jodhpur]], where Detha studied at Durbar School.

Detha considered [[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]] as his first inspiration. He is equally passionate about [[Anton Chekhov]]. He was initially critical of [[Rabindranath Tagore]], but he changed his mind after reading Tagore's '[[Strir Patra|''Stri Patra'']]'.

Detha joined college in 1944. By that time, he had already established his name in poetry. However, he credited his success to his cousin brother Kuberdan Detha, who had left school after Class X. Detha used to pass off Kuberdan's poems as his, and the appreciation he received for those poems made him want to establish his own name as a writer.

One of his first controversial works was Bapu Ke Teen Hatyare, a critique of the work of [[Harivansh Rai Bachchan|Harivanshrai Bachchan]], [[Sumitranandan Pant]] and [[Narendra Sharma]]. This trio of authors brought out books about [[Gandhi]] within two months of Gandhi's death.
{{Quote
|[[Nathuram Godse]] may have killed [[Gandhi]] physically, but these three writers killed his soul | Vijaydan Detha | Bapu Ke Teen Hatyare }}

In 1950–52, Detha read and was inspired by 19th-century [[Russian literature]]. That is when he thought to himself: "If you do not want to be a mediocre writer, you should return to your village and write in Rajasthani." By that time, he had already written 1300 poems and 300 short stories.

Detha's stories have been adapted into various films and dramas. In 1973, renowned filmmaker [[Mani Kaul]] directed ''[[Duvidha]]'', based on Detha's story of the same name. The film, much of which was shot in Detha's village Borunda, received worldwide acclaim. Later, [[Amol Palekar]] directed [[Paheli]] based on the same story, starring [[Shah Rukh Khan]]. Paheli was also India's [[List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|official entry]] to the [[Academy Awards]]. [[Prakash Jha|Prakah Jha]] made [[Parinati]], a film based on Detha's story. [[Habib Tanvir]] adapted his story into one of his most acclaimed plays [[Charandas Chor]], which was later adapted into a film by [[Shyam Benegal]]. Later director Pushpendra Singh made a feature film ''The Honour Keeper'' on his short story ''"[[Lajwanti (TV series)|Lajwanti]]"'' and in the year 2020 Writer-Director [[Dedipya Joshii]] has made the Hindi-Rajasthani film [[Kaanchli Life in a Slough]] & Director Pushpendra Singh also made the Gojri film ''Laila aur Satt Geet'' on his famous story '''Kenchuli''<nowiki/>'.

Talking to Mahendra Lalas in [[India Today]], he said, "My land [Rajasthan] is full of stories, whatever I've written is just a drop of the ocean". Detha, was inspired by Shah Govradhan Lal Kabra to write in [[Rajasthani language|Rajasthani]] "till date I have not written in any other language", he said regarding his love for the language. He portrayed the sufferings of the poor in his writings and was also tipped for the [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize for Literature]] in 2011 which ultimately went to [[Tomas Tranströmer]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rajasthantalkies.com/2011/10/rajasthans-vijaydan-detha-in-race-for.html |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120909000554/http://www.rajasthantalkies.com/2011/10/rajasthans-vijaydan-detha-in-race-for.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 September 2012 |title=Archived copy |access-date=14 November 2011 }}</ref> Vijay Dan Detha is survived by four sons and a daughter.

==Works==

===Rajasthani===
* ''Batan Ri Phulwari'', vol. 1–14, 1960–1975, folk lores
* ''Prerana'' co-edited with Komal Kothari, 1953
* ''Soratha'', 1956–1958
* ''Parampara '', edited three special issues – Folk songs, Gora Hatja, Jethava Ra
* ''Rajasthani Lokgeet'', folk songs of Rajasthan, six volumes, 1958
* ''Tido Rao'', first pocket book in Rajasthani, 1965
* ''Uljhan'',1984, novel
* ''Alekhun Hitler'', 1984, short stories
* ''Roonkh'', 1987
* ''Kaboo Rani'', 1989, children's stories

=== Hindi ===
Due to respect for his mother tongue Rajasthani, Bijji has never written in any other language, most of his works are translated into Hindi by one of his sons Kailash Kabeer.{{fact|date=November 2019}}

*''Usha'', 1946, poetry
*''Bapu ke teen hatyare'', 1948, critics
*''Column in Jwala Weekly'', 1949–1952
*''Sahitya aur samaj'', 1960, essays
*''Anokha Ped'', illustrated children's stories, 1968
*''Phoolwari'', Hindi translation by Kailash Kabir, 1992
*''Chaudharain Ki Chaturai'', short stories, 1996
*''Antaral'', 1997, short stories
*''Sapan Priya'', 1997, short stories
*''Mero Darad Na Jane Koy'', 1997, essays
*''Atirikta'', 1997, critics
*''Mahamilan'', novel, 1998
*''Priya Mrinal'', short stories, 1998

Detha also been credited for editing following works<ref name=kcdutt />
* Complete work of Ganeshi Lal Vyas for [[Sahitya Akademi]]
* Rajasthani-Hindi Kahawat Kosh

==Awards and honours==
*[[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Rajasthani|Sahitya Akademi Award for Rajasthani]] in 1974<ref name="kcdutt">Who's who of Indian writers 1999</ref>
*Bhartiya Bhasa Parishad Award in 1992<ref name=kcdutt />
*Marudhara Puraskar in 1995<ref name=kcdutt />
*Bihari Puraskar in 2002 <ref>[http://www.kkbirlafoundation.com/bihari-r.html Bihari] [[K. K. Birla]] Foundation</ref>
*Sahitya Chudamani Award in 2006<ref name=tehelka>Interview on Tehelka</ref>
*[[Padma Shri]] in 2007<ref name=padmashri>Indian National Portal, Govt. of India</ref>
*Rao Siha 2011 by [[Mehrangarh Museum]] Trust
*[[Rajasthan Ratna]] in 2012

==References==
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
*{{cite web
|last=Padmanabhan
|first=Chitra
|title=The English Adversary
|work=Tehelka
|date=21 January 2006
|url=http://www.tehelka.com/story_main16.asp?filename=hub012106The_English.asp
|format=asp
|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5TGzJFAtR?url=http://www.tehelka.com/story_main16.asp?filename=hub012106The_English.asp
|archive-date=11 November 2007 |url-status=dead
}}

*{{cite book
| last = Dutt
| first = Kartik Chandra
| title = Who's Who of Indian Writers
| publisher =Sahitya Akademi
| year =1999
| location =India
| pages =317–318
| isbn =81-260-0873-3 }}
*{{cite web
|title=Padma Shri Award
|url=http://india.gov.in/myindia/padmashri_awards_list1.php
|publisher=National Portal of India, Govt. of India
|access-date=5 December 2007 |url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429180512/http://india.gov.in/myindia/padmashri_awards_list1.php
|archive-date=29 April 2012 }}

*{{cite web
|title=Biodata – Vijaydan Detha
|publisher=Shree Sabal Woman Teacher's Training College, Borunda, Jodhpur
|url=http://www.ssmttc.net/biodata_vijaydanji.htm
|date=15 October 2007
|access-date=10 December 2007 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5TyPJ0H3a?url=http://www.ssmttc.net/biodata_vijaydanji.htm
|archive-date=10 December 2007 |url-status=dead
}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|0221880}}
* [http://wordswithoutborders.org/contributor/vijay-dan-detha/ Detha's two stories translated in English from World without border]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081005162338/http://www.nea.gov///features/writers/writersCMS/writer.php?id=02_12 English translation of The epic of straw]
* [http://www.tehelka.com/story_main16.asp?filename=hub012106The_English.asp Detha's interview] on [[Tehelka]]
* [http://www.indianautographs.com/productdetail-111098.html Detha's Authograph and picture]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/hindi/india/2013/11/131110_vijaydan_detha_ap.shtml Vijaydan Detha], BBC Hindi, 10 November 2013

{{SahityaAkademiFellowship}}
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Literature & Education}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Detha, Vijaydan}}
[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:2013 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Rajasthani people]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in literature & education]]
[[Category:Rajasthani-language writers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Rajasthani]]
[[Category:People from Jodhpur]]
[[Category:Indian children's writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]

Vijaydan Detha - Revision history

>Satdeep Gill: removing extra line breaks