Victory Day (Bangladesh) - Revision history

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	=== Military parade ===		=== Military parade ===
	The day's highlight is the national holiday parade on Dhaka's National Parade Ground, hosted by the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] and involves personnel from the ~~Bangadelsh~~ Police, [[Border Guard Bangladesh]], [[Bangladesh Jail]] and [[Bangladesh Ansar]]. Presided by the [[President of Bangladesh]] in his capacity as Commander in Chief through the [[Armed Forces Division]],<ref>{{Cite news \|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/12/16/president-hamid-pm-hasina-attend-victory-day-parade\|title = President Hamid, PM Hasina attend Victory Day parade\|work=bdnews24.com}}</ref> it has been held since the 1970s as the principal national celebrations of the victory of the Bangladeshi people against the government of Pakistan, assisted by the Indian Armed Forces, and as such it is the principal holiday of the Armed Forces. A televised event with nationwide radio simulcast provided by [[Bangladesh Television]] and [[Bangladesh Betar\|Radio Bangladesh]], it is the country's main military parade event of the year and is one of the biggest annual military parades in South Asia.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/bangladesh-marks-49th-victory-day-with-grand-parade-indian-army-band-contingent-participates/articleshow/72752127.cms\|title = Bangladesh marks 49th 'Victory Day' with grand parade; Indian Army band contingent participates\|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/2019/12/16/president-inspects-victory-day-parade \|title=Victory Day Parade observed with traditional fanfare \|work=Dhaka Tribune \|date=16 December ~~2019~~}}</ref>		The day's highlight is the national holiday parade on Dhaka's National Parade Ground, hosted by the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] and involves personnel from the Bangladesh Police, [[Border Guard Bangladesh]], [[Bangladesh Jail]] and [[Bangladesh Ansar]]. Presided by the [[President of Bangladesh]] in his capacity as Commander in Chief through the [[Armed Forces Division]],<ref>{{Cite news \|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/12/16/president-hamid-pm-hasina-attend-victory-day-parade\|title = President Hamid, PM Hasina attend Victory Day parade\|work=bdnews24.com}}</ref> it has been held since the 1970s as the principal national celebrations of the victory of the Bangladeshi people against the government of Pakistan, assisted by the Indian Armed Forces, and as such it is the principal holiday of the Armed Forces. A televised event with nationwide radio simulcast provided by [[Bangladesh Television]] and [[Bangladesh Betar\|Radio Bangladesh]], it is the country's main military parade event of the year and is one of the biggest annual military parades in South Asia.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/bangladesh-marks-49th-victory-day-with-grand-parade-indian-army-band-contingent-participates/articleshow/72752127.cms\|title = Bangladesh marks 49th 'Victory Day' with grand parade; Indian Army band contingent participates\|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news \|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/2019/12/16/president-inspects-victory-day-parade \|title=Victory Day Parade observed with traditional fanfare \|work=Dhaka Tribune \|date=16 December 2022}}</ref>

	=== Expanded summary ===		=== Expanded summary ===
	{{unreferenced section\|date=December ~~2020~~}}		{{unreferenced section\|date=December 2022}}
	Before around 10am, a division-sized formation of around 18,000 personnel of the armed forces and law enforcement organisations, which had already been assembled on the parade ground, alongside a 4,000 strong mobile column amounting to around 400 vehicles, and a massed [[military band]]s and [[pipe bands]] contingent numbering around 1,200 musicians, awaits the arrival of the President, as the [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh\|Prime Minister]], who also serves as Minister of Defence concurrently, and the [[Principal Staff Officer (Bangladesh)\|Principal Staff Officer]] of the AFD/BAF, usually a lieutenant general, both arrive at the parade grandstand in the center of the grounds together with the service commanders and commanding officers of the law enforcement services, together with ministers of the state cabinet, including the Minister of Liberation War Affairs, the Speaker of the [[Jatiya Sangsad]] and MPs, the Chief Justice of the [[Supreme Court of Bangladesh]], the Attorney General, living veterans of the Liberation War of 1971 and family members of those killed in action and deceased veterans, chairmen of state agencies and defense sector firms, the general public, representatives of state and private industries and veterans of the armed forces and law enforcement organisations are stationed in between the major dignitaries who are stationed in the central grandstand. One battalion at the center of the formations assembled carries the National Standards (the [[Flag of Bangladesh]] with the gold fringe and the Bengali title of the unit) which serve as the principal colour of all Armed Forces formations, while each of the other battalions sans the first three, which are massed colour guard battalions, have 15 colour bearers at the front of their units.		Before around 10am, a division-sized formation of around 18,000 personnel of the armed forces and law enforcement organisations, which had already been assembled on the parade ground, alongside a 4,000 strong mobile column amounting to around 400 vehicles, and a massed [[military band]]s and [[pipe bands]] contingent numbering around 1,200 musicians, awaits the arrival of the President, as the [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh\|Prime Minister]], who also serves as Minister of Defence concurrently, and the [[Principal Staff Officer (Bangladesh)\|Principal Staff Officer]] of the AFD/BAF, usually a lieutenant general, both arrive at the parade grandstand in the center of the grounds together with the service commanders and commanding officers of the law enforcement services, together with ministers of the state cabinet, including the Minister of Liberation War Affairs, the Speaker of the [[Jatiya Sangsad]] and MPs, the Chief Justice of the [[Supreme Court of Bangladesh]], the Attorney General, living veterans of the Liberation War of 1971 and family members of those killed in action and deceased veterans, chairmen of state agencies and defense sector firms, the general public, representatives of state and private industries and veterans of the armed forces and law enforcement organisations are stationed in between the major dignitaries who are stationed in the central grandstand. One battalion at the center of the formations assembled carries the National Standards (the [[Flag of Bangladesh]] with the gold fringe and the Bengali title of the unit) which serve as the principal colour of all Armed Forces formations, while each of the other battalions sans the first three, which are massed colour guard battalions, have 15 colour bearers at the front of their units.

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	*'''1973''': [[Recipients of Bangladeshi military awards in 1971\|Gallantry awards]] of war were declared by ''[[The Bangladesh Gazette\|Bangladesh Gazette]]'' on 15 December.		*'''1973''': [[Recipients of Bangladeshi military awards in 1971\|Gallantry awards]] of war were declared by ''[[The Bangladesh Gazette\|Bangladesh Gazette]]'' on 15 December.
	*'''1996''': Silver jubilee of victory was celebrated.		*'''1996''': Silver jubilee of victory was celebrated.
	*'''2013''': New world record of the largest human flag was set when 27,117 volunteers gathered at the National Parade Ground holding red and green blocks to form the [[national flag of Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite news \| url=http://theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=197039:bdesh-hits-guinness-book-record-with-forming-largest-human-national-flag&catid=187:online-edition&Itemid=223 \| title=B'desh hits Guinness Book record with forming largest human national flag \| agency=[[The Independent (Bangladesh)]] \| access-date=16 December ~~2013~~}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \| url=http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bangladeshis-form-worlds-largest-human-flag/ \| title=Bangladeshis form world's largest human flag \| agency=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)]] \| access-date=16 December 2013 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216093544/http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bangladeshis-form-worlds-largest-human-flag/ \| archive-date=16 December 2013 \| url-status=live }}</ref>		*'''2013''': New world record of the largest human flag was set when 27,117 volunteers gathered at the National Parade Ground holding red and green blocks to form the [[national flag of Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite news \| url=http://theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=197039:bdesh-hits-guinness-book-record-with-forming-largest-human-national-flag&catid=187:online-edition&Itemid=223 \| title=B'desh hits Guinness Book record with forming largest human national flag \| agency=[[The Independent (Bangladesh)]] \| access-date=16 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \| url=http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bangladeshis-form-worlds-largest-human-flag/ \| title=Bangladeshis form world's largest human flag \| agency=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)]] \| access-date=16 December 2013 \| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216093544/http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bangladeshis-form-worlds-largest-human-flag/ \| archive-date=16 December 2013 \| url-status=live }}</ref>

	{{gallery		{{gallery
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	\|File:Victory Day Parade, Bangladesh - Jubair Bin Iqbal.jpg\|Bengali Coast Guard unit marching in Victory Day Parade.		\|File:Victory Day Parade, Bangladesh - Jubair Bin Iqbal.jpg\|Bengali Coast Guard unit marching in Victory Day Parade.
	\|File:Feni Girls Cadet College flag raising.JPG\|Flag hoisting ceremony at a school		\|File:Feni Girls Cadet College flag raising.JPG\|Flag hoisting ceremony at a school
	\|File:Victory Day celebration by Petrobangla.jpg\|[[Petrobangla]] building in Dhaka illuminated by decorative lighting\|\|~~Bangladeshi child Celebrating victory day~~		\|File:Victory Day celebration by Petrobangla.jpg\|[[Petrobangla]] building in Dhaka illuminated by decorative lighting\|\|
			\|File:Illuminated Kodom Foara.jpg\|Kodom Foara in Dhaka illuminated by decorative lighting\|\|
	}}		}}

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UpdateBot at 16:32, 4 June 2022

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← Older revision		Revision as of 22:02, 4 June 2022
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	\|image = Victory Day Parade.jpg		\|image = Victory Day Parade.jpg
	\|caption = Victory Day Parade, 2012. National Parade ground, Dhaka, Bangladesh.		\|caption = Victory Day Parade, 2012. National Parade ground, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
	\|official_name = {{lang-bn\|বিজয় দিবস}} (''~~Bijôy Dibôsh~~'')		\|official_name = {{lang-bn\|বিজয় দিবস}} (''Bijoy Dibosh'')
	\|duration = 1 day		\|duration = 1 day
	\|frequency = Annual		\|frequency = Annual
	\|observedby = {{~~flagu~~\|Bangladesh}}		\|observedby = {{flag\|East Pakistan}} 1971<br>
			{{flag\|Bangladesh}} 1971-present
	\|scheduling = same day each year		\|scheduling = same day each year
	\|date = 16 December		\|date = 16 December
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	}}		}}

	'''Victory day''' ({{lang-bn\|বিজয় দিবস}} ''Bijôy Dibôsh'') is [[public holiday\|national holiday]] in [[Bangladesh]] celebrated on 16 December to commemorate the ~~victory~~ of the [[~~Mukti Bahini\|Bangladesh forces~~]] ~~over~~ the [[~~Pakistani forces~~]] in the [[Bangladesh ~~Liberation War~~]] ~~in 1971~~. ~~The~~ [[Commanding officer]] of the [[Pakistan Army\|Pakistani Forces]] General [[A. A. K. Niazi\|AAK Niazi]] [[~~Pakistani Instrument of Surrender~~\|~~surrendered~~]] ~~with his forces to the allied forces of Bangladesh~~, ~~which marked~~ the ~~end of the 9~~ month~~-long~~<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us \|title=About us \|website=Liberation War Museum \|access-date=21 November 2011 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108013543/http://www.liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us \|archive-date=8 November 2011 }}</ref> Bangladesh Liberation War and [[1971 Bangladesh genocide]] and official secession of [[East Pakistan]] ~~into~~ Bangladesh.		'''Victory day''' ({{lang-bn\|বিজয় দিবস}} ''Bijôy Dibôsh'') is a [[public holiday\|national holiday]] in [[Bangladesh]] celebrated on 16 December to commemorate the defeat of the [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] in the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] in 1971 and the [[Independence of Bangladesh]]. It commemorates the [[Pakistani Instrument of Surrender]], wherein the [[Commanding officer\|commander]] of the [[Pakistan Army\|Pakistani Forces]], General [[A. A. K. Niazi\|AAK Niazi]], surrendered to the [[Mukti Bahini]] and their [[Indian Army\|Indian allies]], ending the nine-month<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us \|title=About us \|website=Liberation War Museum \|access-date=21 November 2011 \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108013543/http://www.liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us \|archive-date=8 November 2011 }}</ref> Bangladesh Liberation War and [[1971 Bangladesh genocide]] and marking the official secession of [[East Pakistan]] to become the new state of Bangladesh.

	This day and event is also commemorated across India as the "Vijay Diwas" to honor Bangladeshi martyrs who laid down their lives in the war.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.ssbtosuccess.com/vijay-diwas-16th-december/\|title=Why Do India Celebrate 'Vijay Diwas' On 16th December\|last=Team\|first=Editorial\|date=2017-12-17\|work=SSBToSuccess\|access-date=2017-12-18\|language=en-US}}</ref>		This day and event is also commemorated across India as the "Vijay Diwas" to honor Indian and Bangladeshi martyrs who laid down their lives in the war.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=http://www.ssbtosuccess.com/vijay-diwas-16th-december/\|title=Why Do India Celebrate 'Vijay Diwas' On 16th December\|last=Team\|first=Editorial\|date=2017-12-17\|work=SSBToSuccess\|access-date=2017-12-18\|language=en-US}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==

WikiDwarf: Created page with "{{short description|National holiday in Bangladesh}} {{Use British English|date=October 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox holiday |holiday_name = Victory Day
বিজয় দিবস |type = |longtype = National |image = Victory Day Parade.jpg |caption = Victory Day Parade, 2012. National Parade ground, Dhaka, Bangladesh. |official_name = {{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} (''Bijôy Dibôsh'') |duration..."

2022-01-15T14:11:24Z

Created page with "{{short description|National holiday in Bangladesh}} {{Use British English|date=October 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}} {{Infobox holiday |holiday_name = Victory Day<br/>বিজয় দিবস |type = |longtype = National |image = Victory Day Parade.jpg |caption = Victory Day Parade, 2012. National Parade ground, Dhaka, Bangladesh. |official_name = {{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} (''Bijôy Dibôsh'') |duration..."

New page

{{short description|National holiday in Bangladesh}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox holiday
|holiday_name = Victory Day<br/>বিজয় দিবস
|type =
|longtype = National
|image = Victory Day Parade.jpg
|caption = Victory Day Parade, 2012. National Parade ground, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
|official_name = {{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} (''Bijôy Dibôsh'')
|duration = 1 day
|frequency = Annual
|observedby = {{flagu|Bangladesh}}
|scheduling = same day each year
|date = 16 December
|celebrations = Flag hoisting, [[parade]]s, singing patriotic songs and the [[Amar Shonar Bangla|national anthem]], speeches by the [[President of Bangladesh|President]] and [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh|Prime Minister]], entertainment and cultural programs.
|observances =
|relatedto = {{ubl|[[Independence Day (Bangladesh)|Independence Day]] of Bangladesh|}}
}}

'''Victory day''' ({{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} ''Bijôy Dibôsh'') is [[public holiday|national holiday]] in [[Bangladesh]] celebrated on 16 December to commemorate the victory of the [[Mukti Bahini|Bangladesh forces]] over the [[Pakistani forces]] in the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] in 1971. The [[Commanding officer]] of the [[Pakistan Army|Pakistani Forces]] General [[A. A. K. Niazi|AAK Niazi]] [[Pakistani Instrument of Surrender|surrendered]] with his forces to the allied forces of Bangladesh, which marked the end of the 9 month-long<ref>{{cite web |url=http://liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |title=About us |website=Liberation War Museum |access-date=21 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108013543/http://www.liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |archive-date=8 November 2011 }}</ref> Bangladesh Liberation War and [[1971 Bangladesh genocide]] and official secession of [[East Pakistan]] into Bangladesh.

This day and event is also commemorated across India as the "Vijay Diwas" to honor Bangladeshi martyrs who laid down their lives in the war.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ssbtosuccess.com/vijay-diwas-16th-december/|title=Why Do India Celebrate 'Vijay Diwas' On 16th December|last=Team|first=Editorial|date=2017-12-17|work=SSBToSuccess|access-date=2017-12-18|language=en-US}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:1971 Instrument of Surrender.jpg|thumb|left|Signing of [[Pakistani Instrument of Surrender]] by Pakistan's Lt.Gen. [[A. A. K. Niazi]] to the Joint Commander of the Liberation Force Lt. Gen. [[Jagjit Singh Aurora]] in [[Dhaka]] on 16 Dec' 1971.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-12-16|title=Victory Day: The last battle before Dhaka fell|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/12/16/victory-day-the-last-battle-before-dhaka-fell|access-date=2020-12-16|work=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref>]]
In 1971 Bangladesh fought the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]] against Pakistan to become an Independent country,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/17.htm |title=Library of Congress |access-date=8 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006010727/http://countrystudies.us/bangladesh/17.htm |archive-date=6 October 2006 |url-status=live }}</ref> which resulted in the secession of [[East Pakistan]] from the [[Islamic Republic of Pakistan]]<ref>[http://www.mongabay.com/history/pakistan/pakistan-the_1962_constitution.html Islamic Republic of Pakistan – The 1962 Constitution.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531075735/http://www.mongabay.com/history/pakistan/pakistan-the_1962_constitution.html |date=31 May 2013 }} Retrieved on 9 March 2013.</ref> and established the sovereign nation called [[Bangladesh]]. The war pitted East Pakistan and [[India]] against [[West Pakistan]], and lasted for a duration of nine months. One of the most violent wars of the 20th century, it witnessed [[1971 Bangladesh atrocities|large-scale atrocities]], the exodus of 10 million refugees and the killing of 3 million people by the Pakistani armed forces.<ref>en, Samuel; Paul Robert Bartrop, Steven L. Jacobs. Dictionary of Genocide: A-L. Volume 1: Greenwood. p. 34. {{ISBN|978-0-313-32967-8}}.</ref>

On 16 December 1971, [[Lieutenant General]] '''Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi''', [[Commanding Officer|CO]] of Pakistan Armed Forces located in East Pakistan signed the [[Instrument of Surrender (1971)|Instrument of Surrender]]. The Instrument of Surrender was a written agreement that enabled the surrender of the [[Evolution of Pakistan Eastern Command plan|Pakistan Eastern Command]] in the Bangladesh Liberation War, and marked the end of the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]] in the Eastern Theater.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/5312/Instrument+of+Surrender+of+Pakistan+forces+in+Dacca|title=Instrument of Surrender of Pakistan forces in Dacca|website=www.mea.gov.in|language=en|access-date=2018-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927005435/http://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl%2F5312%2FInstrument+of+Surrender+of+Pakistan+forces+in+Dacca|archive-date=27 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

The surrender took place at the [[Ramna Race Course]] in [[Dhaka]] on 16 December 1971. Lieutenant General '''Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi''' and Lieutenant General [[Jagjit Singh Aurora]], Joint Commander of [[Mitro Bahini|Indian and Bangladesh Forces]], signed the instrument amid thousands of cheering crowds at the racecourse. [[Air Commodore]] [[A. K. Khandker]], Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]], and Lieutenant General [[J F R Jacob]]<ref>[http://www.dailypost.in/editor-s-pick/55367-gen-jacob-hero-of-the-bangladesh-war-is-no-more Gen Jacob, the hero of the Bangladesh war, is no more] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304194219/http://www.dailypost.in/editor-s-pick/55367-gen-jacob-hero-of-the-bangladesh-war-is-no-more |date=4 March 2016 }} – [[Daily Post India]] 13 January 2015</ref> of the [[Indian Armed Forces|Indian Eastern Command]], acted as witnesses to the surrender. Also present were [[Vice-Admiral]] [[Mohammad Shariff]], commander of the Pakistani [[Pakistan Navy|Naval Eastern Command]] and [[Air Vice-Marshal]] Patrick D. Callaghan of the [[Pakistan Air Force]]'s Eastern Air Force Command, who signed the agreement. On behalf of Bangladesh, Air Commodore A. K. Khandker acted as witness to the surrender. Lieutenant [[JFR Jacob|Jacob Rafael Jacob]], Chief of Staff of the Indian Eastern Command, along with the other commanders of Indian naval and air forces, acted as witnesses on behalf of India. Aurora accepted the [[Surrender (military)|surrender]] without a word, while the crowd on the race course started shouting anti-Nazi and anti-Pakistan slogans.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090823045047/http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19980203/03450744.html Of betrayal and bungling by Kuldip Nayar §(Google cache link)] – [[Indian Express]] 3 February 1998</ref>

In 1996, the Bangladesh Bank issued a 10 Taka note with an overprint commemorating Victory Day's Silver Jubilee (the 25th anniversary).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.banknote.ws/COLLECTION/countries/ASI/BDE/BDE0032.htm |title=P-32 |access-date=20 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420222925/http://www.banknote.ws/COLLECTION/countries/ASI/BDE/BDE0032.htm |archive-date=20 April 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Augustsson, T., Kudweis, M., Minikevicius, J., Murcek, D., Recher, J., Vostal, L., & Schmidt, T. (2018). Standard catalog of world paper money. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, a division of F W, A Content eCommerce Company.</ref>

==Recognition of Bangladesh==
{{Main|Pakistani Instrument of Surrender}}
The Surrender of [[Pakistan Armed Forces]] marked the end of the Bangladesh Liberation War and the creation of [[Bangla Desh]] (later reduced to a single word). Most [[United Nations]] member nations were quick to recognise Bangladesh within months of its independence.<ref name="recog-story">{{cite web|url=http://www.bdsdf.org/forum/index.php?showtopic=3072|title=The Recognition Story|publisher=Bangladesh Strategic and Development Forum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725050939/http://www.bdsdf.org/forum/index.php?showtopic=3072|archive-date=25 July 2011|url-status=dead|access-date=17 August 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
[[File:National Martyrs’ Memorial 08.jpg|240px|right|thumb|[[Jatiyo Smriti Soudho]] at Savar, a tribute to the martyrs of the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]]]]

==Celebration==
The celebration of Victory Day has been taking place since 1972. The Bangladesh Liberation War became a topic of great importance in cinema, literature, history lessons at school, the mass media, and the arts in Bangladesh. The ritual of the celebration gradually obtained a distinctive character with a number of similar elements: Military Parade by the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] at the National Parade Ground, ceremonial meetings, speeches, lectures, receptions and fireworks displays.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/country/victory-day-celebrations-photos-1505866|title=Victory Day celebrations in photos|date=16 December 2017|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174331/http://www.thedailystar.net/country/victory-day-celebrations-photos-1505866|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Victory Day in Bangladesh is a joyous celebration in which popular culture plays a great role. TV and radio stations broadcast special programs and patriotic songs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/tv/victory-day-celebrations-channel-i-1505449|title=Victory Day celebrations at Channel i|date=16 December 2017|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174309/http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/tv/victory-day-celebrations-channel-i-1505449|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> The main streets are decorated with [[Bengali flag|national flags]]. Different political parties and socioeconomic organisations undertake programs to mark the day in a befitting manner, including the paying of respects at [[Jatiyo Smriti Soudho]], the national memorial at [[Savar]] in [[Dhaka District]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-today-1505698|title=Victory Day today|date=16 December 2017|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174341/http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-today-1505698|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-programmes-today-1330798|title=Victory Day programmes today|date=16 December 2016|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-01-09|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110174443/http://www.thedailystar.net/city/victory-day-programmes-today-1330798|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Military parade ===
<span lang="english" dir="ltr">The day's highlight is the national holiday parade on Dhaka's National Parade Ground, hosted by the [[Bangladesh Armed Forces]] and involves personnel from the Bangadelsh Police, [[Border Guard Bangladesh]], [[Bangladesh Jail]] and [[Bangladesh Ansar]]. Presided by the [[President of Bangladesh]] in his capacity as Commander in Chief through the [[Armed Forces Division]],<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/12/16/president-hamid-pm-hasina-attend-victory-day-parade|title = President Hamid, PM Hasina attend Victory Day parade|work=bdnews24.com}}</ref> it has been held since the 1970s as the principal national celebrations of the victory of the Bangladeshi people against the government of Pakistan, assisted by the Indian Armed Forces, and as such it is the principal holiday of the Armed Forces. A televised event with nationwide radio simulcast provided by [[Bangladesh Television]] and [[Bangladesh Betar|Radio Bangladesh]], it is the country's main military parade event of the year and is one of the biggest annual military parades in South Asia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/bangladesh-marks-49th-victory-day-with-grand-parade-indian-army-band-contingent-participates/articleshow/72752127.cms|title = Bangladesh marks 49th 'Victory Day' with grand parade; Indian Army band contingent participates|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref></span><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/dhaka/2019/12/16/president-inspects-victory-day-parade |title=Victory Day Parade observed with traditional fanfare |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=16 December 2019}}</ref>

=== Expanded summary ===
{{unreferenced section|date=December 2020}}
Before around 10am, a division-sized formation of around 18,000 personnel of the armed forces and law enforcement organisations, which had already been assembled on the parade ground, alongside a 4,000 strong mobile column amounting to around 400 vehicles, and a massed [[military band]]s and [[pipe bands]] contingent numbering around 1,200 musicians, awaits the arrival of the President, as the [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh|Prime Minister]], who also serves as Minister of Defence concurrently, and the [[Principal Staff Officer (Bangladesh)|Principal Staff Officer]] of the AFD/BAF, usually a lieutenant general, both arrive at the parade grandstand in the center of the grounds together with the service commanders and commanding officers of the law enforcement services, together with ministers of the state cabinet, including the Minister of Liberation War Affairs, the Speaker of the [[Jatiya Sangsad]] and MPs, the Chief Justice of the [[Supreme Court of Bangladesh]], the Attorney General, living veterans of the Liberation War of 1971 and family members of those killed in action and deceased veterans, chairmen of state agencies and defense sector firms, the general public, representatives of state and private industries and veterans of the armed forces and law enforcement organisations are stationed in between the major dignitaries who are stationed in the central grandstand. One battalion at the center of the formations assembled carries the National Standards (the [[Flag of Bangladesh]] with the gold fringe and the Bengali title of the unit) which serve as the principal colour of all Armed Forces formations, while each of the other battalions sans the first three, which are massed colour guard battalions, have 15 colour bearers at the front of their units.

At 10am the massed bands' fanfare trumpeters and trumpeters sound the presidential fanfare, signalling the arrival of the President, escorted by an Army mounted squadron and escort motorcycles of the Police. As the President leaves his vehicle, he is greeted by the important dignitaries and upon arriving at the central grandstand the Parade Commander, usually an Army major general, leads the parade in rendering a full presidential salute as while the national anthem [[Amar Sonar Bangla]] is played by the Massed Bands alongside the firing of a [[21-gun salute]]. As the music ends, the parade executes order arms, following this the PC informs the President of the readiness of the parade for the review. Both, together with aides-de-camp (one each from the Armed Forces and Police) and the PSO, ride an open-top Land Rover to inspect the parade formations. Upon approach of the parade formations the massed bands, under the baton of the Senior Director of Music of the Armed Forces (usually a lieutenant colonel or colonel) play a slow march as the President reviews each of the battalions of the ground column. As the music ends the President and the PSO, together with the PC, leave the inspection vehicle as the former two return to the parade grandstand.

Following the conclusion of the inspection of the line the PC, after having ordered the parade to shoulder arms, then informs the president for the commencement of the march past in the following manner:

::''Mr. President, may I now ask your permission for the commencement of the parade march past, sir.''

The approval having now granted the PC, upon returning to his place in the parade, orders the parade to executive the left turn, after which the colour bearers now turn to take their places in the right flank ranks of the formation together with the leading officer of the battalions. Following this the commander of the National Standards colour guard orders the battalion to turn on the march, taking its place in the formation as the PC rides his vehicle. Following the order to quick march the parade begins with the fly past of aircraft from both the [[Bangladesh Army Aviation Group]] and [[Bangladesh Naval Aviation]], both recently founded formations, and the transport planes of the Air Force, as the massed bands play ''[[Notuner Gaan]]''. As the parade commander and his second in command approach the grandstand in their vehicles, the two officers, together with their adjutants, salute on the eyes right. They are followed by the infantry battalions, and followed on by a double past of parachute special forces personnel, which had jumped from an Air Force transport plane into the parade ground during the march past, and then by the mobile column and fly past of Air Force fighter and trainer aircraft as well as helicopters.

=== Order of parade march past in quick time ===
* Massed colour guard regiment of formation colours of the armed forces (three battalions)
* Veterans of the Liberation War
* 1st Battalion, President Guard Regiment
* Battalion from the Armoured Corps
* Regiment from the Infantry Corps
** Battalion from the [[East Bengal Regiment]]
** Battlaion from the [[Bangladesh Infantry Regiment]]
* Bangladesh Regiment of Artillery
* Bangladesh Corps of Engineers
* Bangladesh Signals Corps
* National Standards colour guard
* Composite battalion of army service support branches
* [[Para-Commando Brigade (Bangladesh)|Para-Commando Brigade]] Battalion
* Battalion of army servicewomen
* Navy
* Air Force
* [[Bangladesh National Cadet Corps]]
* Border Guard Bangladesh
* Bangladesh Police
* Bangladesh Ansar
* Bangladesh Jail
* Battalion of female Police and Ansar servicewomen
* Infantry battalion wearing modern combat equipment and rifles
* Army K-9 company and Army and Police combined mounted squadron

==Events commemorating Victory Day==
*'''1971''': [[State Bank of Pakistan]] became [[Bangladesh Bank]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Mazid |first=Muhammad Abdul |year=2012 |chapter=Bangladesh Bank |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Bangladesh_Bank |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref>
*'''1972''': The [[Constitution of Bangladesh|constitution]] of the People's Republic of Bangladesh was enacted on 16 December.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh Faces Same Problems |agency=Associated Press |location=Spartanburg, South Carolina, USA |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dWssAAAAIBAJ&pg=5758,3396908&dq=bangladesh+constitution&hl=en }}</ref>
*'''1973''': [[Recipients of Bangladeshi military awards in 1971|Gallantry awards]] of war were declared by ''[[The Bangladesh Gazette|Bangladesh Gazette]]'' on 15 December.
*'''1996''': Silver jubilee of victory was celebrated.
*'''2013''': New world record of the largest human flag was set when 27,117 volunteers gathered at the National Parade Ground holding red and green blocks to form the [[national flag of Bangladesh]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=197039:bdesh-hits-guinness-book-record-with-forming-largest-human-national-flag&catid=187:online-edition&Itemid=223 | title=B'desh hits Guinness Book record with forming largest human national flag | agency=[[The Independent (Bangladesh)]] | access-date=16 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bangladeshis-form-worlds-largest-human-flag/ | title=Bangladeshis form world's largest human flag | agency=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)]] | access-date=16 December 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216093544/http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/bangladeshis-form-worlds-largest-human-flag/ | archive-date=16 December 2013 | url-status=live }}</ref>

{{gallery
|title = Victory Day celebration
|align = center
|File:Mikoyan MiG-29-Chengdu F-7.jpg|Mikoyan MiG-29 & Chengdu F-7 of [[Bangladesh Air Force]] fly over national parade ground
|File:Bangladesh Army.jpg|Bengali Army marching in Victory Day Parade.
|File:Victory Day Parade, Dhaka, Bangladesh 2011.jpg|East Bengal Regiment in Victory Day Parade.
|File:Victory Day Parade, Bangladesh - Jubair Bin Iqbal.jpg|Bengali Coast Guard unit marching in Victory Day Parade.
|File:Jatiyo Sritisoudho.jpg|People walk to the [[National Martyrs’ Memorial]] to lay flowers
|File:Feni Girls Cadet College flag raising.JPG|Flag hoisting ceremony at a school
|File:Victory Day celebration by Petrobangla.jpg|[[Petrobangla]] building in Dhaka illuminated by decorative lighting||Bangladeshi child Celebrating victory day
}}

==See also==
* [[Independence Day (Bangladesh)|Independence Day]]
* [[Evolution of Pakistan Eastern Command plan]]
* [[Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts]]
* [[Military plans of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
* [[Mitro Bahini order of battle]]
* [[Vijay Diwas (India)]]
* [[Victory Day]] in other countries.

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Bangladesh Holidays|state=expanded}}
{{Bangladesh Liberation War}}
{{Bangladesh topics}}

[[Category:Aftermath of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:Victory days]]
[[Category:Public holidays in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Annual events in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:December observances]]
[[Category:Winter events in Bangladesh]]