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{{Short description|Purported ruler of the Bathinda region}}
{{Not to be confused with|Vena (Hindu king)}}{{Punjabi folklore}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}

'''Vena Pal''', also known as '''Ven''' or '''Raja Bineypal''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Ahmad |first=Zulfiqar |title=Lahore & the Punjab |publisher=Sang-e-Meel Publications |year=1982 |pages=63–68}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |title=Proceedings - Punjab History Conference |year=1988 |volume=21 |pages=126–128 |quote=}}</ref> is the name of a purported ''[[raja]]'' of the [[Bathinda|Bathinda region]].{{Efn|Vena Pal's name is alternatively rendered as 'Vinaipal', 'Binaypal', 'Bhainipal', 'Bena Pal', 'Benapal', or 'Venapal'.|group=note}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Khan |first=Rana Muhammad Sarwar |title=The Rajputs: History, Clans, Culture, and Nobility |year=2005 |volume=2 |pages=477}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chib |first=Sukhdev Singh |title=This Beautiful India: Punjab |publisher=Light & Life Publishers |year=1977 |pages=82}}</ref> Vena Pal was a [[Hindus|Hindu]] [[Rajput]] ruler.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Nagendra Kr. |title=Encyclopaedia of Muslim Biography |publisher=A.P.H. Publishing Corporation |year=2001 |isbn=9788176482349 |volume=4: Muh-R |pages=521}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> According to lore recounted by [[Giani Gian Singh]], Vena Pal is said to have been the son of Surpal of Bhatner.<ref name=":2" /> Vena Pal was exiled by his step-mother and wandered in the jungle, eventually he witnessed a she-goat fighting two wolves to save its offspring, and was moved by the scene.<ref name=":2" /> The location where he witnessed the scene is said to have been the present-day location of Bathinda.<ref name=":2" />

According to tradition, the [[Qila Mubarak, Bathinda|Bathinda Fort]] was built by an ancestor of Vena Pal named [[Raja Dab|Raja Deb]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Handbook on Urban History of Early India |publisher=Springer Nature |year=2024 |isbn=9789819762309 |editor-last=Sen |editor-first=Aloka Parasher |pages=351–352 |quote=Bathinda was an important settlement from 300 to 1200 CE and even during the medieval period. It was called Govindgarh in earlier times. As per the tradition the fort was built by Raja Deb, an ancestor of Vena Pal, during the early centuries. The fort was originally made of mud bricks. It has witnessed several alterations at the hands of successive rulers. The excavation conducted by Shri Raghbir Singh at Bathinda Fort revealed pottery and mud-brick wall of the early medieval period.}}</ref> In local traditional lore, Vena Pal is connected to [[Baba Ratan Hindi|Baba Rattan]].<ref name=":0" /> However, there are various versions of the tradition that connects the two figures together.<ref name=":0" /> One version states that Baba Rattan arrived in Bathinda from Medina in 668 [[Vikram Samvat|Bk.]] (611–612 [[Common Era|C.E.]] or 24 [[Hijri year|A.H.]]) and became the prime minister of Raja Vena Pal.<ref name=":0" /> Some sources claim Vena Pal was a contemporary of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]] whilst others state that he lived much later, being contemporary with [[Muhammad of Ghor]], who he was defeated by.<ref name=":0" /> According to Visakha Singh, the Gills of Moga trace their origin to Vena Pal, having founded the settlement of Moga after their dispersal from Bhatinda in the aftermath of the Islamic conquest and dissolution of Vena Pal's dynasty in Bhatinda.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Sant Visakha |url=https://archive.org/details/malwa_itihas_3/malwa_itihas_1/page/n178/ |title=Malwa Itihas |publisher=Gurmat Pracharak Singh Sabha, Ilaka Tihara |year=1953 |pages=155–156 |language=pa |script-title=pa:ਮਾਲਵਾ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ |trans-title=History of Malwa|volume=I}}</ref> Visakha Singh blames the fall of the polity to an individual named Rattan Mal, a Muslim ''[[Siddha]]'', who betrayed the dynasty in-favour of the invaders.<ref name=":3" /> Alongside Bhatinda, the settlements of Bitli and Bhatner of Marwar were also ravaged.<ref name=":3" />

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Bathinda]]
[[Category:7th century in India]]

Vena Pal - Revision history

BarneyMoh54: created first info added tags