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{{Short description|Hindu temple in Tamil Nadu, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Veerataneswarar temple
| image = Veerateeswarar temple, Parasalur (1).jpg
| alt =
| caption = ''Gopura'' of the Veerataneswarar Temple
| map_type = Tamil Nadu
| map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|11.090815| 79.725804|display=inline,title}}
| native_name =
| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| district = [[Mayiladuthurai district|Mayiladuthurai]]
| location = Keelaparasalur
| elevation_m =
| deity = Veerataneswarar ([[Shiva]])
| primary_deity_Goddess =
| utsava_deity_Goddess=
| facade_direction =
| temple_tank =
| tower =
| festivals=
| architecture = [[Dravidian architecture|Dravidian]]
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| creator =
| website =
}}
'''Veerateswarar Temple''' (also called '''Dakshapureeswarat temple''') is a [[Hindu temple]] located at Keelaparasalur (formerly known as Thirupariyalur) in the [[Sembanar Koil block|Sembanarkoil block]] of [[Mayiladuthurai district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. The historical name of the place is Tirupparialur. The presiding deity is [[Shiva]] in the form of Veerateswarar and his consort is known as Ilam Kobanayal. The presiding deity is revered in the 7th century Tamil Saiva canonical work, the ''[[Tevaram]]'', written by Tamil saint poets known as the [[nayanars]] and classified as ''[[Paadal Petra Sthalam]]'', the 276 temples that find mention in it.

As per Hindu legend, Shiva is believed to have destroyed eight different demons and the eight Ashta Veeratanam temples are built signifying each of his victories. The temple is counted one of the eight where Shiva is believed to have punished [[Daksha]].

The temple has four daily rituals at various times from 6:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m., and few yearly festivals on its calendar. The present masonry structure was built during the [[Chola dynasty]] in the 9th century, while later expansions are attributed to [[Thanjavur Nayaks]]. The temple is maintained and administered by the Dharmapuram Aadhenam.

==Legend==
[[File:Veerateeswarar temple, Parasalur (3).jpg|250px|thumb|Temple legend in sculpture|left]]
As per [[Hindu]] legend, [[Dakshayani]] (also called Sati), the daughter of [[Daksha]], married Hindu god [[Shiva]]. Daksha organised a huge [[Yajna]], invited all the demigods and sages, and intentionally avoided Shiva and Dakshayani. [[Daksha yajna]] was an important turning point in the creation and development of sects in Hinduism. It is the story behind the 'Stala Purana' (Origin story of Temples) of [[Shakti Peethas]]. Dakshayani wanted to meet her sisters and father, though her father had not invited her husband. Shiva discouraged her from attending the event as an uninvited guest, but she persisted and attended the event. Daksha insulted her and her husband in front of the guests. She was insisting on depicting the ''havirbhaga'', the prime offering of the yajna to her husband, which Daksha refused. She was unable to bear the insult, ran into the sacrificial fire and immolated herself.

Shiva, upon hearing the terrible incident became furious and invoked [[Virabhadra|Veerabhadra]] and [[Bhadrakali]] by plucking a lock of hair and thrashing it on the ground. Veerabhadra and the [[Bhutagana|Bhoota ganas]] marched south and destroyed all the premises of Daksha, who was decapitated. Daksha's wives were pleading with Shiva, upon whose request Shiva forgave and brought him to life by attaching a goat's head. The Yajna was allowed to be completed in the presence of all demi-gods and sages. The place came to be known as ''Dakshapuram'' (place of Dakhsan) and since Shiva destroyed the wrongdoings of all the celestial deities for attending the yagna in his absence, it came to be known as ''Pariyalur'' (''pari'' in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] means taking away).<ref name=Giri>{{cite book|title=108 Thennaga Shivasthalangal|language=Tamil|publisher=Giri Trading Agency Private Limited|isbn=978-81-7950-707-0|last=R.|first=Ponnammal|pages=115–9}}</ref>

==Architecture==
[[File:Veerateeswarar temple, Parasalur (4).jpg|250px|thumb|Lingobhava in the temple]]
The temple is located in Pariyalur, a village {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on}} away from [[Sembanarkoil]] in [[Mayiladuthurai]] - [[Tharangambadi]] road. The temple faces south and has a five-tiered ''raja[[gopuram]]''. The sanctum houses the image of Dakshipureeswarar in the form of ''[[lingam]]'' and on the walls of the sanctum, there is a sculptural panel where Daksha is depicted worshipping Shiva. The lingam is square in shape and believed to be selfformed. The sanctum has ardhamandapa before it and a Mahamandapa, the worship hall. The Mahamandapa houses the metal image of Dakshasamharamurthy sported with six hands holding six different weapons. There is a metal plaque at the footsteps of the utsava image indicating [[Brahma]] starting the yagna of Daksha. The Mahamandapam also houses other metal images of [[Murugan]], [[Somaskanda]], [[Vinayagar]] and Pradoshanayagar. The shrine of Ambal in the form of Ilangodiamman faces west. The image is sported in standing posture with four hands. The temple has two precincts and all the shrines in the temple are enshrined in rectangular granite walls.<ref name=Giri/> The five-tiered rajagopuram is a recent addition to the temple. The temple does not have the [[Navagraha]]s, the nine planetary deities, but just [[Surya]], the Sun god. The temple is administered by [[Dharmapuram Adheenam]].<ref name=Saiva4>{{cite book|title=Saiva Encyclopaedia volume 4 - Thirumurai Thalangal|editor-last=Dr. R.|editor-first=Selvaganapathy|publisher=Saint Sekkizhaar Human Resource Development Charitable Trust|location=Chennai, India|year=2013|pages=313–14}}</ref>

== Religious significance ==
[[File:Veerateeswarar temple, Parasalur (2).jpg|250px|thumb|View of the gopuram of the temple]]
It is one of the shrines of the 275 [[Paadal Petra Sthalams]] - [[Shiva Temples of Tamil Nadu#Sthalams|Shiva Sthalams]] glorified in the early medieval ''[[Tevaram]]'' poems by Tamil Saivite [[Nayanars|Nayanar]] [[Tirugnanasambandar]]. As per legend, Shiva is believed to have destroyed eight different demons namely Andakasuran, Gajasuran, Jalandasuran, Thirupuradhi, Kaman, Arjunan, Dakshan and Taaragasuran. There are Ashta Veeratanam temples built signifying each of his victories in the war,<ref>{{cite book|title=History of Medical and Spiritual Sciences of Siddhas of Tamil Nadu|last=P.|first=Karthigayan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q4HDDAAAQBAJ&q=veerattam&pg=PT388|page=388|publisher=Notion Press|year=2016|isbn=9789352065523}}</ref> and also as places where he is believed to have performed with fury.<ref name=C137>{{cite book|title=Vishnu temples of South India volume 4|last=Madhavan|first=Chithra|isbn=978-81-908445-3-6|publisher=Alpha Land Books Pvt. Ltd.|year=2014|location=Chennai|page=145}}</ref> The eight temples are: [[Thiruvadigai Temple, Panruti|Tiruvadigai Veerattaaneswarar Temple]] at Thiruvadigai, [[Veerateeswarar Temple|Tirukkovilur Veerateshwarar Temple]] at [[Tirukoilur]], [[Korukkai Veeratteswarar Temple|Veerateswarar temple]] at Korukkai or Thirukkurukkai, [[Amritaghateswarar-Abirami Temple, Thirukkadaiyur|Amirtagateswarar Temple]] at [[Thirukadaiyur]], [[Viratteswara Temple, Vazhuvur|Vazhuvur Verateswarar Temple]] at [[Vazhuvoor]], Keelaparasalur Veerateswarar Temple at Tirupariyalur, [[Kandeeswarar Temple]] at [[Thirukkandiyur]] and [[Tiruvirkudi Veerataneswarar Temple]] at Thiruvirkudi.<ref name=R>{{cite book|title=An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY2lZpy.TVA_BOK_0006115|last=R.|first=Dr. Vijayalakshmy|publisher=International Institute of Tamil Studies| location=Chennai|year=2001|edition=1st|pages=458–9}}</ref> Shiva in all these temples are described to have used bow and arrow, trident and spear.vThe temple is counted as one of the temples built on the banks of [[River Kaveri]].<ref name=Ka>{{cite book|title=River cauvery the most battl(r)ed|last=Ka. Vi.|first=Kannan|page=39|publisher=Notion Press|year=2019|isbn=9781684666041|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CGFDwAAQBAJ&q=thiruvavaduthurai}}</ref>

Tirugnanasambandar describes the feature of the deity as:<ref>Tirugnanasambandar Tevaram, I: 134:9</ref>
{{cquote|விளங்கொண் மலர்மே லயனோத வண்ணன்<br>
துளங்கும் மனத்தார் தொழத்தழ லாய்நின்றான்<br>
இளங்கொம் பனாளோ டிணைந்தும் பிணைந்தும்<br>
விளங்குந் திருப்பறியல் வீரட்டத் தானே.}}

==Festival and religious practices==
The temple priests perform the ''[[puja (Hinduism)|pooja]]'' (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. Like other Shiva temples of Tamil Nadu, the priests belong to the [[Shaivism|Shaivaite]] community, a Brahmin sub-caste. The temple rituals are performed four times a day; Kalasanthi at 7:00 a.m., Uchikalam at 10:00 a.m., Sayarakshai at 6:00 p.m. and Ardha Jamam at 8:30 p.m. Each ritual comprises four steps: ''abhisheka'' (sacred bath), ''alangaram'' (decoration), ''neivethanam'' (food offering) and ''deepa aradanai'' (waving of lamps) for both Amritaghateswar and Abhirami Amman. The worship is held amidst music with ''[[nagaswaram]]'' (pipe instrument) and ''[[tavil]]'' (percussion instrument), religious instructions in the [[Vedas]] read by priests and prostration by worshippers in front of the temple mast. There are weekly rituals like ''{{lang|te-Latn|somavaram}}'' and ''{{lang|te-Latn|sukravaram}}'', fortnightly rituals like ''[[pradosha]]m'' and monthly festivals like ''[[amavasya|amavasai]]'' (new moon day), ''kiruthigai'', ''[[pournami (festival)|pournami]]'' (full moon day) and ''sathurthi''. There is a temple procession during the Sundays of the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil month]] of Karthigai.<ref name="dinamalar">{{cite web|title=Sri Veerateeswarar temple|url=https://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=510|publisher=Dinamalar|access-date=13 June 2020}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web|title= Veerateswarar Temple, Tiruppariyalur (now known as Parasalur)
|url= http://www.shivatemples.com/sofc/sc041.php |publisher=Shiva Temples of Tamilnadu, Paadal Petra Sivasthalangal}}

{{commons category|Veerateeswarar temple, Parasalur}}

[[Category:Shiva temples in Mayiladuthurai district]]
[[Category:Padal Petra Stalam]]
[[Category:Ashta Veeratta Stalam]]

Veerateeswarar Temple, Thirupariyalur - Revision history

All Singers Music Production: Put Up New Place Basic Info