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'''Varattar''' is a branch of the [[Pamba River]], the third longest river in the [[South India]]n state of [[Kerala]].It is a 9.5 km long water channel that in the past connected and linked the [[Pampa]] to the [[Manimala River]]. It flows through the outskirts of [[Chengannur]], [[Pathanamthitta district|Pathanamthitta]] and [[Alappuzha district|Alappuzha]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/barcoded-trees-to-dot-varattar-banks/article19211570.ece| title = Barcoded trees to dot Varattar banks - The Hindu}} </ref> Its a perennial freshwater source linking two rivers in [[Alappuzha]] and [[Pathanamthitta]] districts.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-03-13|title=Positive Rivers Stories 2017: Citizens Reconnecting with Rivers|language=en-US|work=SANDRP|url=https://sandrp.in/2018/03/13/positive-rivers-stories-2017-citizens-reconnecting-with-rivers/#more-28367|access-date=2021-07-09}}</ref> But greatly diminished instream flow due to encroachments, sand mining<ref>{{Cite web|title=Varattar shows sand mining is where rivers go to die|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/thesundaystandard/2012/jul/29/varattar-shows-sand-mining-is-where-rivers-go-to-die--391800.html|access-date=2021-07-22|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> and weed growth have severely affected the size and strength of Varattar<ref>{{Cite web|last=M.K|first=Nidheesh|date=2017-07-13|title=In Kerala, a people's movement brings back to life dead river Varattar|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/3Oa9tjIDeI3fbg8shkkE1O/In-Kerala-a-peoples-movement-brings-back-to-life-dead-rive.html|access-date=2021-07-09|website=mint|language=en}}</ref> and it became a river with no water.<ref>{{Citation|title=Varattar will be in full flow again {{!}} Manorama News|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5-aPHMu3OYA|language=en|access-date=2021-07-09}}</ref>

==Rejuvenation projects==
The legislative Committee for Environment inspected the Varattar river bed in 2002 to assess the encroachments and observed that almost two-thirds of the Varattar was encroached by locals for cultivating rice, vegetables, tapioca and fodder grass.<ref>http://www.christiancollege.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Spiritus-Scientiae-2016-Vol-1.pdf#page=17</ref> In 2014 River rejuvenation project was carried out to revive the river.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Varattar river gets a new lease of life, thanks to conservation efforts by locals|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/lifestyle/news/2017/06/18/varattar-river-new-life.html|access-date=2021-07-22|website=OnManorama}}</ref> Land encroachments and sand sedimentations were removed and the flow of water was restored.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Varattar river again disappearing|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/varattar-river-again-disappearing-1.3730551|access-date=2021-07-09|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en}}</ref> A second phase of this project was carried out in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mission 2.0: Rejuvenate Varattar and Aadi Pampa|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2017/may/14/mission-20-rejuvenate-varattar-and-aadi-pampa-1604613.html|access-date=2021-07-09|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=2019-12-04|title=Biodiversity zone on Varattar banks|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/biodiversity-zone-on-varattar-banks/article30170126.ece|access-date=2021-07-09|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> 12 acres of encroachments from a 4 km stretch of the river were evicted. Man-made structures constructed along the river were removed through mutual consultations.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chaudhuri|first=Pooja|date=2017-07-14|title=Power Of People: Keralites Brought A Dead River Back To Life Through A Massive Campaign|url=https://thelogicalindian.com/exclusive/kerala-dead-river-to-life/|access-date=2021-07-09|website=thelogicalindian.com|language=en}}</ref> The ‘Varatte aar’ (‘let the river come’ in Malayalam) campaign was a unique experiment in water conservation and environment management efforts.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-07-13|title=How the Will of the People From Kerala Brought a 9-Km-Long Dead River to Life|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/108293/people-kerala-9-km-long-dead-river-varattar-restoration/|access-date=2021-07-22|website=The Better India|language=en}}</ref>

Varattar has regained its lost glory after the rejuvenation works and because of which water flowing from Koyipram Varalthodu, Poovannappuzhathodu, Poongayilthodu, and Chennathu Puthenthodu through Idanaadu reached Aadipamba, near Panchavadi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Varattar river gets a new lease of life, thanks to conservation efforts by locals|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/lifestyle/news/2017/06/18/varattar-river-new-life.html|access-date=2021-07-09|website=OnManorama}}</ref>

==Benefits of the river==

The major direct benefits of Varattar are water for Household Use, fertile soil on the banks of the Varattar, means of transporting goods and passengers, irrigating agricultural lands in the two panchayats. The Varattar was a major corridor for transportation of snake boats which came from far to participate in the [[Aranmula Boat Race|Aranmula Snake boat race]].

{{coord missing|Kerala}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Waters of Kerala}}

[[Category:Rivers of Alappuzha district]]
[[Category:Pamba River]]

{{Kerala-geo-stub}}
{{India-river-stub}}

Varattar River (Pamba) - Revision history

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