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{{Short description|Coal-fired power station in Tamil Nadu}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox power station
| name = Vallur Thermal Power Station
| name_official =
| image = Vallur Thermal Power Plant.JPG
| image_caption = Vallur Thermal Power Plant as viewed from new Ennore Creek road bridge
| image_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|13|14|2|N|80|18|21|E|region:IN_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}}
| country = India
| location = [[Vallur]]
| status = O
| construction_began = September 2007
| commissioned = Unit 1: March 2012<br />Unit 2: February 2013<br />Unit 3: February 2014
| decommissioned =
| cost = {{INR}}91.93 billion
| owner = [[NTPC Limited]] and [[Tamil Nadu Power Generation Corporation Limited|TNPGCL]]
| operator = NTPC Tamil Nadu Energy Company Limited
| th_fuel_primary = [[Coal]]
| th_fuel_tertiary =
| ps_units_operational = 3 x {{convert|500|MW}}
| ps_units_manu_model =
| th_cogeneration =
| th_combined_cycle =
| ps_electrical_capacity = {{convert|1,500|MW}}
| ps_electrical_cap_fac =
| website =
}}

'''Vallur Thermal Power Station''' is a power plant located in [[Vallur]], [[Thiruvallur district]], [[India]]. The power plant is operated by NTPC Tamil Nadu Energy Company Limited, a joint venture between [[NTPC Limited]] and [[Tamil Nadu Power Generation Corporation Limited]] and has three units with 500 [[Watt#Megawatt|MW]] each.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.tangedco.gov.in/linkpdf/vallur.pdf | title=Vallur Thermal Power Project | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623002449/https://www.tangedco.gov.in/linkpdf/vallur.pdf | archive-date=2022-06-23}}</ref>

In January 2014, the units in the power plant achieved a record generation of 24.09 million units ([[kWh]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/printer/news/122151/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120908010852/http://www.financialexpress.com/printer/news/122151/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 8, 2012 |title=Get enlightened about electricity |date=December 20, 2004 |work=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]] |access-date=29 November 2009 }}</ref>) of electricity.<ref>{{cite news
| last = PTI
| title = Power generation suspended from second unit of Vallur plant
| newspaper = Business Line
| location = Chennai
| publisher = The Hindu
| date = 8 March 2014
| url = http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/power-generation-suspended-from-second-unit-of-vallur-plant/article5764308.ece
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>{{dubious|date=August 2020}} The project adds nearly 24 million units a day to the grid. [[Tamil Nadu]] is the major beneficiary of power generated from this facility (about 750 MW), while some of it is supplied to [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]], and [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]].<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/>

The plant will consume {{convert|4.62|Mt}} of coal a year. Coal for the plant will be brought from [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] through ship to [[Ennore Port]], from where it will be transported by pipe conveyor crossing Ennore Creek.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/>

==Location==
The power plant is located on a triangular tract of land between [[Ennore Creek]] and [[Athipattu Pudhunagar railway station]], southwest of [[Ennore Port]], [[Chennai]].

==Construction==
The plant was established under the mega power project policy.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/> The erstwhile Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB) and the NTPC, in a joint venture, formed the NTPC Tamil Nadu Energy Company Limited. The foundation stone for the Vallur thermal plant was laid on 5 September 2007, with an estimated cost of {{INR}}80 billion (€100 million),<ref name="Hindu_VallurProjectToStartByOctober"/> and the {{INR}}19,900-million main plant package to supply steam generators and turbine for stage I was awarded to [[Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited]] (BHEL), a state-run power equipments manufacturer, on 13 August 2007.<ref name="Hindu_VallurPlantProgressing"/><ref>{{cite news
| title = BHEL bags order for Vallur thermal power project
| newspaper = Live Mint
| location = Tiruchirapalli
| publisher = LiveMint.com
| date = 5 September 2007
| url = http://www.livemint.com/Companies/qMVIHnQrUd8ZXvDiElRUsK/BHEL-bags-order-for-Vallur-thermal-power-project.html
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref> The projected was constructed in two phases: phase I with two 500 MW units at a cost of {{INR}}54 billion and phase II with one 500 MW unit at a cost of {{INR}}30 billion. Initially expected to be operational by 2010, the project was delayed due to the late implementation of the coal-handling facility established by the BHEL.<ref name="Hindu_VallurProjectToStartByOctober"/> Erection of the boiler column began on 5 January 2009.<ref name="Hindu_VallurPlantProgressing">{{cite news
| title = Vallur power plant works progressing
| location = Chennai
| date = 29 March 2009
| url = http://www.hindu.com/2009/03/29/stories/2009032953060400.htm
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110622083442/http://www.hindu.com/2009/03/29/stories/2009032953060400.htm
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 22 June 2011
| newspaper = [[The Hindu]]
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>

In September 2009, the {{INR}}130 million contract to supply units for Vallur was given to BHEL, which supplied and installed steam generator and steam turbine packages. BHEL was responsible for the design, engineering manufacture, supply, erection and commissioning of the steam generators, turbine generators, electrostatic precipitators and associated auxiliaries, and controls and instrumentation systems in the plant.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/>
[[File:NTECL chennai.jpg|thumb|left|NTECL Power Plant in Vallur]]
The {{convert|216|t|adj=on}} boiler drum of Unit I was erected in June 2010. Unit I was commissioned in March 2012 but operating at full capacity was delayed further due to problems with coal-handling facilities. Independent works on phase II began in 2010.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/>

The first, second and third units were synchronised with the grid on 9 March 2012, 26 February 2013 and 28 February 2014, respectively.<ref name="TANGEDCO_VallurProject"/> The total cost of the project without IDC was {{INR}}91,930 million.<ref name="TANGEDCO_VallurProject"/> The plant commenced its commercial operation on 29 November 2012, with the operation of its first unit. The second unit commenced its commercial operations on 25 August 2013,<ref name="TANGEDCO_VallurProject"/> while that of the third unit was commenced on 28 February 2014.<ref name="MoneyControl_NTPC_VallurUnitIII"/>

==Cost and Finance==
The cost of phase I was {{INR}}54 billion ($1.15 billion) and that of phase II was {{INR}}30 billion ($639 million). The debt equity ratio of the project is 7:3. The Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) sanctioned {{INR}}38 billion ($809 million) to meet the entire debt portion of the project. REC advanced a loan of {{INR}}21 billion ($447 million) for the second phase in April 2010.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant">{{cite web
| title = Vallur Conventional Thermal Power Plant, India
| publisher = Power-technology.com
| url = http://www.power-technology.com/projects/vallurconventional/
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}}

==Technology and operations==
The boiler systems at the plant consists of single- or two-pass type, with front/rear/side mill layout, which can have single/bi-drum arrangement with natural or controlled circulation. There is constant or sliding pressure operation, and hot or cold primary air systems. Steam turbine operates at a speeds of 3,000 rpm. The main steam is at {{convert|130|–|250|bar}} at {{convert|500|–|540|°C|sigfig=2}}. Steam reheat is at {{convert|30|–|70|bar}} and {{convert|500|–|600|°C|sigfig=2}}. The back pressure is between {{convert|20|and|300|mbar}}.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/>

The plant has six induced draft cooling towers (IDCTs), which have a capacity of {{convert|30000|m3/h}} with nine cells of {{convert|14|×|21|m}} each.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/> The IDCTs use seawater, which is drawn from the intake channel of [[North Chennai Thermal Power Station]], and fresh water requirement is met from a desalination plant. The plant has adopted closed cycle re-circulating type cooling water system for its operations.<ref name="PowerTechnology_VallurPlant"/><ref>{{cite web
| title = NTPC to set up 500 MW Vallur Thermal Power Project Stage-I, Phase-II at Thiruvallur
| publisher = ThermalPowerIndustryFocus.net
| url = http://thermalpower.industry-focus.net/t-n-thermal-projects/306-ntpc-to-set-up-500-mw-vallur-thermal-power-project-stage-i-phase-ii-at-thiruvallur-ntpc-to-set-up-500-mw-vallur-thermal-power-project-stage-i-phase-ii-at-thiruvallur.html
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>

The coal conveyor system in the plant includes a {{convert|4.4|km|adj=on}}-long pipe conveyor with a capacity of {{convert|4000|t/h|lb/min}}, which is the world's largest pipe conveyor.<ref name="TANGEDCO_VallurProject">{{cite web
| title = Vallur Thermal Power Project
| publisher = Tangedco.gov.in
| url = http://www.tangedco.gov.in/jv1.php
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>

The plant requires {{convert|13400|t}} of coal per day. Domestic coalfields supply 53 percent of the need, and the remainder through coal imports.<ref>{{cite news
| last = Jagannath
| first = G.
| title = Coal shortage affects Unit-1 of Vallur plant
| newspaper = Deccan Chronicle
| location = Chennai
| date = 22 December 2013
| url = https://www.deccanchronicle.com/131222/news-current-affairs/article/coal-shortage-affects-unit-1-vallur-plant
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>

===Installed capacity===
Following is the unit-wise capacity of the {{convert|1500|MW}} plant.

{| class="sortable wikitable"
! Stage !! Unit number !! Installed capacity (MW) !! Date of commissioning !! Status
|-
| Stage I || 1 || 500 || 29 November 2012|| Running<ref name="TANGEDCO_VallurProject"/>
|-
| Stage I || 2 || 500 || 25 August 2013|| Running<ref>{{cite news
| last = Jagannath
| first = G.
| title = Vallur unit II to give power relief for Tamil Nadu
| newspaper = Deccan Chronicle
| location = Chennai
| date = 27 August 2013
| url = http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130827/news-current-affairs/article/vallur-unit-ii-give-power-relief-tamil-nadu
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140330112020/http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130827/news-current-affairs/article/vallur-unit-ii-give-power-relief-tamil-nadu
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 30 March 2014
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>
|-
| Stage I || 3 || 500 || 28 February 2014|| Running<ref name="MoneyControl_NTPC_VallurUnitIII">{{cite web
| title = NTPC's Unit III of 500 MW of Vallur Thermal Power Project commissioned
| publisher = MoneyControl.com
| date = 1 March 2014
| url = http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/announcements/ntpcs-unit-iii500-mwvallur-thermal-power-project-commissioned_1049435.html
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

The share of Tamil Nadu would be {{convert|375|MW}} from each of the three units in the plant.<ref name="Hindu_VallurProjectToStartByOctober">{{cite news
| last = Ramakrishnan
| first = T.
| title = Vallur project to start power generation by October
| newspaper = The Hindu
| location = Chennai
| date = 22 August 2012
| url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/vallur-project-to-start-power-generation-by-october/article3804367.ece
| access-date = 30 Mar 2014}}</ref>

==Environmental impact==
[[File:NTPC Tamilnadu Energy.jpg|thumb|NTPC Tamil Nadu Energy Station at night]]

The Vallur Thermal Power Station is an environmentally friendly and non-polluting plant.{{fact|date=July 2023}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Energy|India}}
* [[List of power stations in India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Commons category|Vallur Thermal Power Station}}

==External links==
* [http://www.tangedco.gov.in/jv1.php Vallur Thermal Power Project on TANGEDCO website]
* [http://globalenergyobservatory.org/geoid/43507 Page at Global Energy Observatory]

{{Power Plants of Tamil Nadu}}

[[Category:Coal-fired power stations in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tiruvallur district]]
[[Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 2010]]
[[Category:2010 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]

Vallur Thermal Power Station - Revision history

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