Valari - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:52, 17 October 2022
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	{{Short description\|Type of throwing club}}		{{Short description\|Type of throwing club}}
	{{about\|the weapon\|the villages in Romania\|Vălari (disambiguation)\|the 1970s compact car\|Plymouth Volaré}}		{{about\|the weapon\|the villages in Romania\|Vălari (disambiguation)\|the 1970s compact car\|Plymouth Volaré}}
	{{refimprove\|date=January ~~2013~~}}		{{refimprove\|date=January 2022}}
	{{Infobox weapon		{{Infobox weapon
	\| name = International Valari Federation (IVF)		\| name = International Valari Federation (IVF)
	\| image = Pl0-028.jpg		\| image = Pl0-028.jpg
	\| caption =		\| caption =
	\| origin = [[Sivaganga, Tamil Nadu]], India]]		\| origin = [[Sivaganga]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
	\| type = World's 1st Traditional Art		\| type = World's 1st Traditional Art
	<!-- Type selection -->\| is_ranged = Yes		<!-- Type selection -->\| is_ranged = Yes
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	}}		}}

	A '''valari''' ({{lang-ta\|வளரி}}) is a traditional weapon, primarily used by the [[Tamil people]] of the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref>{{cite book \|last=Thurston \|first=Edgar \|author-link=Edgar Thurston \|title=[[Castes and Tribes of Southern India]] \|access-date=8 January 2013 \|edition=Fourth AES reprint \|volume=III \|year=2001 \|orig-year=First printed in 1909 by Madras Government Press \|publisher=J. Jetley \|location=New Delhi \|isbn=978-81-206-0288-5 \|page=70 \|chapter=Kallan \|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u8vvtDI9kt0C&pg=PA70}}</ref> The valari ~~actually looks~~ and ~~act as~~ boomerang. ~~The valari (boomerang) was~~ used by Tamil people in ancient ~~times on~~ battles~~. The valari is used~~ for protecting cattle from predators, and for ~~war and~~ hunting.		A '''valari''' ({{lang-ta\|வளரி}}) is a traditional weapon, primarily used by the [[Tamil people]] of the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref>{{cite book \|last=Thurston \|first=Edgar \|author-link=Edgar Thurston \|title=[[Castes and Tribes of Southern India]] \|access-date=8 January 2013 \|edition=Fourth AES reprint \|volume=III \|year=2001 \|orig-year=First printed in 1909 by Madras Government Press \|publisher=J. Jetley \|location=New Delhi \|isbn=978-81-206-0288-5 \|page=70 \|chapter=Kallan \|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u8vvtDI9kt0C&pg=PA70}}</ref> The valari resembles, and is used like, a boomerang. It has been used by the Tamil people in ancient battles, for protecting cattle from predators, and for hunting.

	The valari has a long history, dating back to pre-historic times. ~~The valari was very popular in the southern part of India played in its different forms.~~		The valari has a long history, dating back to pre-historic times. Valaris are described in the Tamil Sangam ''[[Purananuru]]'': a historical version of the Sangam literature, the Purananuru 233rd Poem, mentions the ''thigri'' or valari.
	Valaris are described in the Tamil Sangam ''[[Purananuru]]'': a historical version of the Sangam literature, the Purananuru 233rd Poem ~~says about~~ the ~~Thigri, which means~~ valari.

	The techniques and philosophies of valari are long periods of interaction with Tamil (India) peoples, cultures, and Traditional Arts. Valari is a synthesis of the game which is played in various methods with same name. Valari received international exposure from 2018 onwards, demonstrated and played in various states of India. In 2018, the International Valari Federation (IVF) came into existence and compiled standard rules. After formation of the International Valari Federation (IVF), the 1st National Valari Championship were held in Vellore on 16th Dec-2018, 2nd National Valari Championship were held in Lucknow, UP on 27th Oct 2019 and 3rd National Valari Championship were held in Chennai on 14th March 2021. The International Valari Federation (IVF) has given new shape to the rules and has the right to modify them.		The techniques and philosophies of valari are long periods of interaction with Tamil (India) peoples, cultures, and Traditional Arts. Valari is a synthesis of the game which is played in various methods with same name. Valari received international exposure from 2018 onwards, demonstrated and played in various states of India. In 2018, the International Valari Federation (IVF) came into existence and compiled standard rules. After formation of the International Valari Federation (IVF), the 1st National Valari Championship were held in Vellore on 16th Dec-2018, 2nd National Valari Championship were held in Lucknow, UP on 27th Oct 2019 and 3rd National Valari Championship were held in Chennai on 14th March 2021. The International Valari Federation (IVF) has given new shape to the rules and has the right to modify them.

	== Construction ==		== Construction ==
	~~Valari~~ is a ~~Mother~~ of ~~All Traditional Arts developed in the Tamilnadu~~, India. International Valari Federation (IVF) ~~had taken foot step to develop Valari~~ traditional sport. In the year 2018, IVF declared “Valari” as Mother of All Traditional Arts and formed separate commission as “International Valari Federation (IVF)”. IVF was inaugurated and hosted first organization in the world for Valari sport. The primary objective of which was to lay the foundation for the future of Valari. IVF became the most important world governing body for Valari.		The valari is a traditional art of Tamil Nadu, India. International Valari Federation (IVF) has worked toward developing a traditional sport of valari. In the year 2018, IVF declared “Valari” as Mother of All Traditional Arts and formed separate commission as “International Valari Federation (IVF)”. IVF was inaugurated and hosted first organization in the world for Valari sport. The primary objective of which was to lay the foundation for the future of Valari. IVF became the most important world governing body for Valari.

	Valaris are made in many shapes and sizes. The usual form consists of two limbs set at an angle; one thin and tapering, the other rounded to form a handle. Valaris are usually made of iron cast in moulds, although some may have wooden limbs tipped with iron or have lethally sharpened edges.{{Citation needed\|reason=physically questionable\|date=December ~~2016~~}}		Valaris are made in many shapes and sizes. The usual form consists of two limbs set at an angle; one thin and tapering, the other rounded to form a handle. Valaris are usually made of iron cast in moulds, although some may have wooden limbs tipped with iron or have lethally sharpened edges.{{Citation needed\|reason=physically questionable\|date=December 2022}}

	== ~~Use~~ ==		== History and usage ==
	~~The thrower holds the valari by one of its limbs and throws it.~~ There are several ways of throwing and aiming. It is usually given a spin while throwing. While flying through the air, it can maneuver and execute several types of movements according to the throwers purpose. It may spin in the vertical axis, horizontal axis, or just fly without spinning. The spin may also vary in speed. A lethal throw is given a spin and aimed at the neck. A non-lethal throw is given a spin and aimed at the ankles or knees. This is to capture a fleeing victim. A simple hurting blow does not have any spin. It is sharp enough to cut through a person's neck during war.{{Citation needed\|reason=no cites given\|date=December ~~2016~~}}		There are several ways of throwing and aiming. It is usually given a spin while throwing. While flying through the air, it can maneuver and execute several types of movements according to the throwers purpose. It may spin in the vertical axis, horizontal axis, or just fly without spinning. The spin may also vary in speed. A lethal throw is given a spin and aimed at the neck. A non-lethal throw is given a spin and aimed at the ankles or knees. This is to capture a fleeing victim. A simple hurting blow does not have any spin. It is sharp enough to cut through a person's neck during war.{{Citation needed\|reason=no cites given\|date=December 2022}}

	It ~~is mostly~~ used ~~once~~ for wars and hunting by the ~~people~~ of Tamil Nadu, ~~known as~~ Kallar and Maravar ~~and Agamudaiyar people~~. The English destroyed most of the valaris when they came for conquest as they thought it would be a potential weapon of war. Only a handful of valaris are left in ~~Tamil Nadu~~ now.{{citation needed\|date=September ~~2019~~}}		It was used for wars and hunting by the [[Kallar (caste)\|Kallar]] and [[Maravar]] clans of Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Thurston \|first=Edgar \|url=http://archive.org/details/castestribesofso01thuriala \|title=Castes and tribes of southern India \|last2=Rangachari \|first2=K. \|date=1909 \|publisher=Madras : Government Press \|others=University of California Libraries \|pages=xxix}}</ref> It is recorded that [[Maruthu Pandiyar\|Marudhu]] brothers were experts at throwing Valaris. In [[The Hindu]] article 'The deadly weapon that exemplified Tamil spirit' dated June 3,2016 Madurai MP [[S. Venkatesan\|Su.Venkatesan]] says, "It is said that there were experts in the art of throwing the ''valari who'' could at one stroke despatch small game and even man. But now it reposes peacefully in the households of the descendents of Kallar and Maravar warriors who plied it with such deadly effect." The English destroyed most of the valaris when they came for conquest as they thought it would be a potential weapon of war. Only a handful of valaris are left in Tamilnadu now. The erstwhile rulers of Kallar and Maravar dynasties preserve them at their palaces now. The remaining Valaris are kept for worship by these clans during special occasions such as [[Ayudha Puja\|Ayudhapooja]]. Valaris taken from Tamilnadu are kept at museums all over the world.{{citation needed\|date=September 2022}}

	It was also exchanged between the bride and bridegroom families of ~~[[Kallar (caste)\|Kallar]]s and~~ British archaeologist Robert Bruce Foote had recalled the old saying “send the valari and bring the bride".<ref>{{cite book\|title=Ethnographic Notes in Southern India\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.39576/mode/2up\|year=1906\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.39576/page/n648/mode/2up 559]}}</ref> The [[Thondaman dynasty\| Pudukkottai kings]] always kept valari weapons in their arsenal. <ref>{{cite book\|title=The Book Of The Sword\|url=https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfTheSword/page/n85/mode/2up\|year=1884\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfTheSword/page/n1/mode/2up 38]}}</ref>		It was also exchanged between the bride and bridegroom families of Kallars. British archaeologist Robert Bruce Foote had recalled the old saying “send the valari and bring the bride".<ref>{{cite book\|title=Ethnographic Notes in Southern India\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.39576/mode/2up\|year=1906\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.39576/page/n648/mode/2up 559]}}</ref> The [[Thondaman dynasty\| Pudukkottai kings]] always kept valari weapons in their arsenal. <ref>{{cite book\|title=The Book Of The Sword\|url=https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfTheSword/page/n85/mode/2up\|year=1884\|pages=[https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfTheSword/page/n1/mode/2up 38]}}</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=June ~~2017~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2022}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=September ~~2019~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=September 2022}}
	[[Category:Weapons of India]]		[[Category:Weapons of India]]
	[[Category:Tamil martial arts]]		[[Category:Tamil martial arts]]
	[[Category:Throwing weapons]]		[[Category:Throwing weapons]]

	~~{{weapon-stub}}~~

->Est. 2021 at 14:27, 1 January 2022

2022-01-01T14:27:32Z

Show changes

92.232.242.126 at 13:10, 31 August 2021

2021-08-31T13:10:16Z

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{{Short description|Type of throwing club}}
{{about|the weapon|the villages in Romania|Vălari (disambiguation)|the 1970s compact car|Plymouth Volaré}}
{{refimprove|date=January 2013}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name = Valari
| image = Pl0-028.jpg
| caption =
| origin = [[Sivaganga,Tamil Nadu, India]]
| type = Throwing

| is_ranged = Yes
| is_bladed =
| is_explosive = No
| is_artillery = No
| is_vehicle = No
| is_missile = No
| is_UK =

| service =
| used_by = [[Tamils]]
| designer =
| design_date =
| manufacturer =
| unit_cost =
| production_date =
| number =
| variants =

| spec_label =
| weight =
| length =
| part_length =
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| height =
| diameter =
| crew =

| cartridge =
| cartridge_weight =
| caliber =
| barrels =
| action =
| rate =
| velocity =
| range =
| max_range =
| feed =
| sights =

| breech =
| recoil =
| carriage =
| elevation =
| traverse =

| blade_type =
| hilt_type =
| sheath_type =
| head_type =
| haft_type =

| filling =
| filling_weight =
| detonation =
| yield =

| armour =
| primary_armament =
| secondary_armament =
| engine =
| engine_power =
| pw_ratio =
| transmission =
| payload_capacity =
| suspension =
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| fuel_capacity =
| vehicle_range =
| speed = 1000
| guidance =
| steering =

| wingspan =
| propellant =
| ceiling =
| altitude =
| depth =
| boost =
| accuracy =
| launch_platform =
| transport =
}}

A '''valari''' ({{lang-ta|வளரி}}) is a thrown wooden or iron weapon used primarily by the [[Tamil people]] of the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Thurston |first=Edgar |author-link=Edgar Thurston |title=[[Castes and Tribes of Southern India]] |access-date=8 January 2013 |edition=Fourth AES reprint |volume=III |year=2001 |orig-year=First printed in 1909 by Madras Government Press |publisher=J. Jetley |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-81-206-0288-5 |page=70 |chapter=Kallan |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u8vvtDI9kt0C&pg=PA70}}</ref> The valari is used for protecting cattle from predators, and for war and hunting. Valaris are described in the Tamil Sangam ''[[Purananuru]]''.{{citation needed|date=June 2020}}

== Construction ==
Similar to the hunting [[boomerang]] of the aboriginal Australians, some valari also return to the thrower. Returning boomerangs used for sport have special aerodynamics to enable their return, while hunting boomerangs are designed to fly straight or slightly curved to hit a target.

Valaris are made in many shapes and sizes. The usual form consists of two limbs set at an angle; one thin and tapering, the other rounded to form a handle. Valaris are usually made of iron cast in moulds, although some may have wooden limbs tipped with iron or have lethally sharpened edges.{{Citation needed|reason=physically questionable|date=December 2016}}

== Use ==
The thrower holds the valari by one of its limbs and throws it. There are several ways of throwing and aiming. It is usually given a spin while throwing. While flying through the air, it can maneuver and execute several types of movements according to the throwers purpose. It may spin in the vertical axis, horizontal axis, or just fly without spinning. The spin may also vary in speed. A lethal throw is given a spin and aimed at the neck. A non-lethal throw is given a spin and aimed at the ankles or knees. This is to capture a fleeing victim. A simple hurting blow does not have any spin. It is sharp enough to cut through a person's neck during war.{{Citation needed|reason=no cites given|date=December 2016}}

It is mostly used once for wars and hunting by the people of Tamil Nadu, known as Kallar and Maravar and Agamudaiyar people. The English destroyed most of the valaris when they came for conquest as they thought it would be a potential weapon of war. Only a handful of valaris are left in Tamil Nadu now.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

It was also exchanged between the bride and bridegroom families of [[Kallar (caste)|Kallar]]s and British archaeologist Robert Bruce Foote had recalled the old saying “send the valari and bring the bride".<ref>{{cite book|title=Ethnographic Notes in Southern India|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.39576/mode/2up|year=1906|pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.39576/page/n648/mode/2up 559]}}</ref> The [[Thondaman dynasty| Pudukkottai kings]] always kept valari weapons in their arsenal. <ref>{{cite book|title=The Book Of The Sword|url=https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfTheSword/page/n85/mode/2up|year=1884|pages=[https://archive.org/details/TheBookOfTheSword/page/n1/mode/2up 38]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
[[Category:Weapons of India]]
[[Category:Tamil martial arts]]
[[Category:Throwing weapons]]

{{weapon-stub}}