Valangai - Revision history

Dr.Sanjeev Narayani: refined intro and cleaned formatting

2025-09-18T21:17:28Z

refined intro and cleaned formatting

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:47, 19 September 2025
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			{{Short description\|Agricultural caste of Tamil Nadu, India}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2019}}
	'''Valangai''' or the '''right hand''' refers to a caste-based division of communities in the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]] that was in vogue from ancient times right up to the 19th and even the early decades of the 20th century AD. Since India's independence, the differences have practically vanished.<ref name="ghuryep359">[[#G. S. Ghurye\|G. S.Ghurye]], Pg 359</ref><ref name="empire_perspectives">{{cite book \| title=Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History\| last=E. Alcock\| first=Susan\| pages=269\|author2=Terence N. D'Altroy \|author3=Kathleen D. Morrison \|author4=Carla M. Sinopoli		'''Valangai''' or the '''right hand'''{{Clarify\|reason=Is this a translation of what Valangai mean?\|date=September 2025}} refers to a caste-based division of communities in the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]] that was in vogue from ancient times right up to the 19th and even the early decades of the 20th century AD. Since India's independence, the differences have practically vanished.<ref name="ghuryep359">[[#G. S. Ghurye\|G. S.Ghurye]], Pg 359</ref><ref name="empire_perspectives">{{cite book \| title=Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History\| last=E. Alcock\| first=Susan\| pages=269\|author2=Terence N. D'Altroy \|author3=Kathleen D. Morrison \|author4=Carla M. Sinopoli
	\| year=2001\| publisher=Cambridge University Press\|isbn=978-0-521-77020-0}}</ref>		\| year=2001\| publisher=Cambridge University Press\|isbn=978-0-521-77020-0}}</ref>

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	The Valangai faction was numerically superior to the ''[[Idangai]]'' or left-handed faction. There were 6 castes in the ''Idangai'' faction as opposed to sixty in the ''Valangai'' faction.<ref name="ghuryep359" /> The ''Valangai'' faction was better organized, politically, than the ''Idangai''.<ref name="politcalorganization">[[#Caste Ideology and Interaction\|Caste Ideology and Interaction]], Pg 105</ref>		The Valangai faction was numerically superior to the ''[[Idangai]]'' or left-handed faction. There were 6 castes in the ''Idangai'' faction as opposed to sixty in the ''Valangai'' faction.<ref name="ghuryep359" /> The ''Valangai'' faction was better organized, politically, than the ''Idangai''.<ref name="politcalorganization">[[#Caste Ideology and Interaction\|Caste Ideology and Interaction]], Pg 105</ref>

	[[Jean-Antoine Dubois]] on ''Valangai'' writes, The ''[[Paraiyars]]'' are its chief support, as a proof of which they glory in the title ‘Valangai-Mougattar’, or friends of the Right-hand.<ref>Hindu manners, customs and ceremonies. Dubois, J. A. (Jean Antoine),1899(Page.25.)</ref>		[[Jean-Antoine Dubois]] on ''Valangai'' writes, The ''[[Paraiyars]]'' are its chief support, as a proof of which they glory in the title ‘Valangai-Mougattar’, or friends of the Right-hand.{{Clarify\|date=October 2024 \|reason="Chief support of what? This is a very strange quote."}}<ref>Hindu manners, customs and ceremonies. Dubois, J. A. (Jean Antoine),1899(Page.25.)</ref>

	During the [[Chola dynasty\|Chola]] period, the left and right-hand factions comprised ninety-eight castes each, but by the 19th century, the right-hand faction was made of 60 castes, and the left-hand, only six.		During the [[Chola dynasty\|Chola]] period, the left and right-hand factions comprised ninety-eight castes each, but by the 19th century, the right-hand faction was made of 60 castes, and the left-hand, only six.
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	[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]
	[[Category:Agriculture in Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Agriculture in Tamil Nadu]]
			[[Category:South Indian communities]]
			[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]]

	{{India-ethno-stub}}		{{India-ethno-stub}}

Ajay Kumar: Added citation

2023-07-23T15:20:11Z

Added citation

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:50, 23 July 2023
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	== Notes ==		== Notes ==
	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist}}

	== References ==		== References ==
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	[[Category:Indian castes]]		[[Category:Indian castes]]
	~~[[Category:Social groups of India]]~~
	[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]
			[[Category:Agriculture in Tamil Nadu]]

	{{India-ethno-stub}}		{{India-ethno-stub}}

>Monkbot: Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 3 templates: del empty params (3×); hyphenate params (1×);

2021-01-02T23:38:32Z

Task 18 (cosmetic): eval 3 templates: del empty params (3×); hyphenate params (1×);

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
'''Valangai''' or the '''right hand''' refers to a caste-based division of communities in the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]] that was in vogue from ancient times right up to the 19th and even the early decades of the 20th century AD. Since India's independence, the differences have practically vanished.<ref name="ghuryep359">[[#G. S. Ghurye|G. S.Ghurye]], Pg 359</ref><ref name="empire_perspectives">{{cite book | title=Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History| last=E. Alcock| first=Susan| pages=269|author2=Terence N. D'Altroy |author3=Kathleen D. Morrison |author4=Carla M. Sinopoli
| year=2001| publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-77020-0}}</ref>

The ''Valangai'' or right-handed faction was made up of castes with an agricultural basis while the ''[[Idangai]]'' was made of metal workers, weavers, etc. i.e. castes involved in manufacturing.<ref name="mcc_magazine">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cmi.ac.in/gift/Epigraphy/epig_tambarammore.htm|title=More inscriptions from the Tambaram area |access-date=2008-09-21|publisher=Madras Christian College Magazine|year=1975|author=Gift Siromoney|work=Madras Christian College Magazine, Vol. 44, 1975}}</ref>

The Valangai faction was numerically superior to the ''[[Idangai]]'' or left-handed faction. There were 6 castes in the ''Idangai'' faction as opposed to sixty in the ''Valangai'' faction.<ref name="ghuryep359" /> The ''Valangai'' faction was better organized, politically, than the ''Idangai''.<ref name="politcalorganization">[[#Caste Ideology and Interaction|Caste Ideology and Interaction]], Pg 105</ref>

[[Jean-Antoine Dubois]] on ''Valangai'' writes, The ''[[Paraiyars]]'' are its chief support, as a proof of which they glory in the title ‘Valangai-Mougattar’, or friends of the Right-hand.<ref>Hindu manners, customs and ceremonies. Dubois, J. A. (Jean Antoine),1899(Page.25.)</ref>

During the [[Chola dynasty|Chola]] period, the left and right-hand factions comprised ninety-eight castes each, but by the 19th century, the right-hand faction was made of 60 castes, and the left-hand, only six.

== See also ==
* [[Caste system in India]]
* [[Idangai]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|2}}

== References ==
* {{cite book | title=Caste and Race in India| last= Ghurye| first= G. S. | year=1991| publisher= Popular Prakashan| location=Bombay|ref=G. S. Ghurye}}

[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Social groups of India]]
[[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]

{{India-ethno-stub}}