49.206.113.166: /* Demographics */

2021-11-24T15:12:38Z

Demographics

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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Valanchery
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = An aerial view of Valanchery town.png
| image_alt =
| image_caption = An aerial view of Valanchery town
| pushpin_map = India Kerala#India#Asia#Earth
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India
| coordinates = {{coord|10|53|0|N|76|4|0|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Malappuram District|Malappuram]]
| subdivision_type3 = Taluk
| subdivision_name3 = [[Tirur Taluk|Tirur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Municipality
| governing_body = Valanchery Municipality
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="valanchery_census">{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3205_PART_B_MALAPPURAM.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |title=Malappuram census handbook}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 21.90
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 40318
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 1841
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="valanchery_census"/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 676552
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 0494
| registration_plate = KL-55, KL −10
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest towns
| blank1_info_sec1 = {{unbulleted list|[[Kuttippuram]] (8 km)|[[Edappal]] (17 km)|[[Kottakkal]] (18 km)|[[Tirur]] (21 km)|[[Pattambi]] (22 km)|[[Perinthalmanna]] (23 km)|[[Ponnani]] (23 km)|[[Malappuram]] (25 km)}}
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 1047 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 94.6%
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Niyamasabha]] constituency
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Kottakkal (State Assembly constituency)|Kottakkal]]
| blank5_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank5_info_sec1 = [[Ponnani (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ponnani]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|Normal]] <small>([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])</small>
| website = {{URL|https://valancherymunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/en/}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Valanchery''' is a major town and one of the 12 [[List of cities and towns in Kerala|municipalities]] in [[Malappuram district]], [[Kerala]], [[India]].<ref name="mlp_towns">{{cite web|title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011|url=http://urbanaffairskerala.org/images/downloads/ulb_population2011.pdf|work= Population of the urban local bodies in Kerala (2011)|publisher=Government of Kerala|access-date=4 December 2020}}</ref> It is one of the four municipalities in [[Tirur Taluk]], besides [[Tirur]], [[Kottakkal]], and [[Tanur, Malappuram|Tanur]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/towns/ker_towns.pdf|title=Alphabetical list of towns and their population (Kerala)|access-date=2020-12-21|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=Government of India}}</ref> It is situated about {{convert|40|km}} southeast to [[Calicut International Airport|Karipur International Airport]] and {{convert|25|km}} southwards to the district headquarters, and forms a part of [[Malappuram metropolitan area]].<ref name="Malappuram metropolitan area">{{cite web |url=https://kerala.gov.in/documents/10180/622777/urban |website=kerala.gov.in |title = Constituents of Malappuram metropolitan area}}</ref> It is also one of the major commercial towns under the Malappuram urban agglomeration. Valanchery, which was a part of the erstwhile princely state of the [[Kingdom of Valluvanad|Valluvanad]] in the early medieval period, had been under the direct control of the [[Zamorin of Calicut]] following the [[Tirunavaya]] war of 14th century CE. During [[British Raj]], Valanchery was included in the [[Ponnani]] Taluk of erstwhile [[Malabar District]]. [[Vattapara accident zone]] is an accident zone near Valanchery. Valanchery is situated on [[National Highway 66 (India)|National Highway 66]].
[[File:Valanchery.jpg|thumbnail|Valanchery town]]

==History==
===Early medieval period===
Valanchery was originally part of the [[Valluvanad (southern Malabar)|Valluvanad Swaroopam]] dynasty in the early medieval period (12th century CE).<ref name="princelystatesofindia1">{{Cite web |url=http://princelystatesofindia.com/Extinguished/walluwanad.html |title=princelystatesofindia.com |access-date=19 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316023437/http://princelystatesofindia.com/Extinguished/walluwanad.html |archive-date=16 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Kingdom of Valluvanad|Valluvanad]] was an erstwhile princely state in the present state of [[Kerala]], that extended from the [[Bharathappuzha]] river in the South to the ''Panthaloor Mala'' in the North.<ref name="princelystatesofindia1"/> On the west, it was bounded by the [[Arabian Sea]] at [[Ponnani]] and on the east by the [[Attappadi]] Hills during their zenith in the early Middle Ages.<ref name="princelystatesofindia1"/> The capital of erstwhile [[Kingdom of Valluvanad|Valluvanad]] was at the present-day town of [[Angadipuram]].<ref name="princelystatesofindia1"/> According to local legends, the last [[Legend of Cheraman Perumals|Cheraman Perumal]] ruler gave a vast extension of land in [[South Malabar]] during his journey to [[Mecca]] to one of their governors, ''Valluvakonathiri'', and left for pilgrimage.<ref name="princelystatesofindia1"/> Valluvanad was famous for the [[Mamankam festival]]s, held once in 12 years and the endless wars against the [[Samoothiri]] of Kozhikode.<ref name="princelystatesofindia1"/>

===Late medieval period===
The region came under the direct control of the [[Zamorin of Calicut|''Kozhikode Samoothiris'']] in 13th/14th century CE by the defeat of ''Valluvakonathiris'' in [[Tirunavaya|Tirunavaya War]]. Assisted by the warriors of their subordinate chiefs (Chaliyam, [[Beypore]], [[Kingdom of Tanur|Tanur]] and [[Cranganore|Kodungallur]]) and the Muslim naval fleet under the ''Koya of [[Kozhikode]]'', the ''Samoothiri's'' fighters advanced by both land and sea.<ref name="KrishnaIyer2">K. V. Krishna Iyer, ''Zamorins of Calicut: From the earliest times to AD 1806''. Calicut: Norman Printing Bureau, 1938.</ref> The main force under the command of Samoothiri himself attacked, encamping at [[Triprangode]], an allied force of Valluvanadu and [[Perumpadappu, Malappuram|Perumpadappu]] from the north. Meanwhile, another force under the Eralppadu commanded a fleet across the sea and landed at [[Ponnani]] and later moved to Thirumanasseri, with the intention to descend on [[Tirunavaya]] from the south with help of the warriors of the Thirumanasseri Brahmins. ''Eralppadu'' also prevented the warriors of Perumpadappu from joining Valluvanadu forces. The Muslim merchants and commanders at Ponnani supported the Kozhikode force with food, transport, and provisions. The warriors of the Eralppadu moved north and crossed the [[Bharathappuzha]] and took up position on the northern side of the river.<ref name="KrishnaIyer2"/> The Koya marched at the head of a large column and stormed [[Tirunavaya]]. In spite of the fact that the warriors of Valluvanadu did not get the timely help of Perumpadappu, they fought vigorously and the battle dragged on. In the meantime, the Kozhikode minister Mangattachan was also successful in turning Kadannamanna Elavakayil Vellodi (junior branch of Kadannamanna) to their side. Finally, two Valluvanadu princes were killed in the battles, the Nairs abandoned the settlement and Kozhikode infested Thirunavaya.<ref name="KrishnaIyer2"/>

The battles along the western borders of Valluvanadu were bitter, for they were marked by treachery and crime. Panthalur and Ten Kalams came under Kozhikode only after a protracted struggle. The assassination of a minister of Kozhikode by the chief minister of Valluvanadu while visiting [[Kottakkal]] in Valluvanadu sparked the battle, which dragged on for almost a decade. At last, the Valluvanadu minister was captured by Samoothiri's warriors and executed at Padapparambu, and his province (Ten Kalams, including [[Kottakkal]] and Panthalur) were occupied by the Samoothiri. The Kizhakke Kovilakam Munalappadu, who took a leading part in this campaign, received half of the newly captured province from Samoothiri as a gift. The loss of this fiercely loyal chief minister was the greatest blow to Valluvanadu after the loss of [[Tirunavaya]] and [[Ponnani]].<ref name="KrishnaIyer2"/>

===Colonial era===
During the last decades of eighteenth century, the army of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] reached here. The region was annexed with the [[East India Company]] with the [[Treaty of Seringapatam]], following the [[Third Anglo-Mysore War]]. Under the [[British Raj]], Valanchery was an ''Amsom'' included in ''Cheranad'' which was scattered in the Taluks of Eranad and Ponnani in the erstwhile [[Malabar District]].<ref name="Logan">{{Cite book|title=Malabar Manual (Volume-I)|last=Logan|first=William|publisher=Asian Educational Services|year=2010|isbn=9788120604476|location=New Delhi|pages=631–666}}</ref> ''Cheranad'' had been under the direct rule of the [[Zamorin of Calicut]] during the late medieval period.<ref name="Logan"/> The pottery industry and the blacksmith community, which has adopted it as a traditional caste occupation, were a part of Valanchery's identity. ''Changampally Mammi Gurukkal'' was a well-known figure in martial arts and neurology.

===National movement===
In 1932, as a part of the freedom struggle, a favorable environment was created for the seeds of a national political outlook to germinate in Valanchery.<ref name="Vln">[https://valancherymunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/en/history]</ref> After the [[Guruvayur]] Temple Satyagraha and Kelappan's fast, a referendum was held to get the views of the upper caste Hindus of [[Ponnani taluk]].<ref name="Vln"/> The central office of the referendum was Valanchery.<ref name="Vln"/> It was on this occasion that prominent national leaders including [[Kasturba Gandhi]], [[C. R. Das]]'s sister Urmila Devi, Sadashiva Rao, [[C. Rajagopalachari]], and U. Gopala Menon, visited Valanchery.<ref name="Vln"/> [[V. T. Bhattathiripad]] is also a notable figure in this group.<ref name="Vln"/> The first [[Indian National Congress]] committee in Valanchery was formed in 1936.<ref name="Vln"/> The Muslim League was formed in 1938 here.<ref name="Vln"/> During the hike of rice prices, ''Valanchery Matta Rice'' had possessed a position in the newspapers.<ref name="Vln"/> As a result of the efforts of Muzhuvanchery Damodaran Namboothiri and others, a united currency group (''Aikya Nanaya Sangham'') had functioned in Valanchery.<ref name="Vln"/> After the war, as a result of [[K. Kelappan]]'s efforts in Malabar, the Firka Consumer Co - operative Society was formed on a [[Revenue block|Firka]] basis.<ref name="Vln"/> A co-operative society was also formed in Valanchery under the presidency of Moideenkutty.<ref name="Vln"/> Today's [[Kuttippuram]] Service Co-operative Bank is a continuation of that.<ref name="Vln"/>

===Post-Independence===
C. M. Ramakurup was the founding manager of Valanchery High School, which was started in 1951 at Puthenkalam, Kolamangalam.<ref name="Vln"/> Today, it is the largest school under private sector in the [[Tirur]] educational district.<ref name="Vln"/> [[Kattipparuthi]] Grama Panchayat, which was upgraded to a Special Grade Panchayat in 1980, was renamed as Valanchery in 1981.<ref name="Vln"/> Valanchery became one of the major commercial and educational hubs of [[South Malabar]] region during the last decades. It was upgraded to a Municipality in the year 2015.

Now Valanchery is one of the 12 municipal towns in [[Malappuram district]], and forms a part of the [[Malappuram metropolitan area]], which is also the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the state according to the latest census conducted in [[2011 Census of India|2011]].<ref name="Malappuram metropolitan area"/>

==Demographics==
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = '''Religion in Valanchery''' (2011)<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |title=Religion – Kerala, Districts and Sub-districts |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW32C-01%20MDDS.XLS |work=Census of India 2011 |publisher=Office of the Registrar General}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Islam]]
|value1 = 70.01
|color1 = Yellow
|label2 = [[Hinduism]]
|value2 = 29.09
|color2 = Red
|label3 = [[Christianity]]
|value3 = 0.79
|color3 = DodgerBlue
|label4 = Other
|value4 = 0.11
|color4 = Black
}}
Total population under municipality limits is 40,318 according to the [[2011 Census of India|2011 census]]. Males form 48.1% and females 51.9%.<ref name="valanchery_census"/> [[Malayalam]] is the widely spoken language in the town. Valanchery has been a multi-ethnic and multi-religious town since the early [[medieval period]]. The [[Muslim]]s form the largest religious group, followed by [[Hindu]]s.<ref name="census2011"/> The municipality of Valanchery has an average [[Literacy in India#Kerala|literacy rate]] of 94.6%, which is higher than the state average of 94%.<ref name="valanchery_census"/>

==Civic administration==
The town is administered by the Valanchery Municipality, headed by a chairperson. For administrative purposes, the town is divided into 33 [[Ward (country subdivision)|wards]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sec.kerala.gov.in/index.php/Content/index/lsgd|title=Municipalities and wards|access-date=27 December 2020|website=SEC Kerala}}</ref> from which the members of the municipal council are elected for five years. The municipality comes under the jurisdiction of Valanchery police station, which was formed on 18 October 1988.<ref name="ps">{{Cite web|url=https://malappuram.keralapolice.gov.in/wings/police-stations/valanchery-ps |title=Valanchery PS|access-date=27 December 2020|website=Kerala police}}</ref> Valanchery police station has also the jurisdiction over the villages of [[Athavanad]], [[Edayur]], [[Irimbiliyam]], and [[Naduvattom, Malappuram|Naduvattom]], besides Valanchery town.<ref name="ps"/>
===[[2020 Kerala local body elections|Valanchery Municipality]] Election 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://trend.kerala.gov.in/views/index.php|title=Valanchery Municipality election 2020|access-date=2020-12-11|website=lbtrend}}</ref>===
{|class="sortable wikitable"
|-
!S.No. !! Party Name !! Party symbol !! Number of Councillors
|-
| 01 || [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|UDF]] ||[[File:UDF kerala 2.O.jpg|50px]]|| 17
|-
| 02 || Independents || [[File:No flag.svg|75px]] || 12
|-
| 03 || [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]] ||[[File:LDF LOGO.svg|50px]] || 03
|-
| 04 || [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] ||[[File:BJP election symbol.svg -783x768.png|50px]] || 01
|}

==Places of interest==
* [[Ayyapanov Waterfalls]]
* [[Athavanad|Azhvanchery Mana]]
* Flora Fantasia
* [[Kuttippuram bridge]]
* Mankunnu eco-tourism, [[Irimbiliyam]]
* [[Tirunavaya]]

== Notable people ==
* [[Azhvanchery Thamprakkal]]
* [[K T Jaleel]], politician and social worker
* [[Zakariya Mohammed]], director, scriptwriter and actor
* [[Unni Menon]], playback singer
* [[Shweta Menon]], actress
* [[Aneesh G. Menon]], actor
* [[Edasseri Govindan Nair]], poet
* [[K. V. Ramakrishnan]], poet
* [[Iqbal Kuttippuram]], screenwriter
* [[M. T. Vasudevan Nair]], poet (Born near [[Kuttippuram]])
* [[V. P. Sanu]], politician
* [[Ahmad Kutty]], North American Islamic scholar
* [[Faisal Kutty]], lawyer, law professor, public speaker, orator

{{Geographic Location
|title =
|North = [[Malappuram]] [[Manjeri]]
|Northeast = [[Perinthalmanna]] [[Nilambur]]
|Northwest = [[Kozhikode]], [[Kottakkal]], [[Kadampuzha Devi Temple]]
|West = [[Tirur]], [[Arabian Sea]]
|Centre = Valanchery
|East = [[Palakkad]], [[Cherpulassery]]
|Southeast = [[Pattambi]], [[Ottapalam]]
|South = [[Thrissur]], [[Ernakulam]]
|Southwest = [[Kuttippuram]], [[Ponnani]], [[Edappal]]
}}

== See also ==
*[[Vattapara accident zone]]
*[[Kuttippuram Block Panchayat|Kuttippuram block]]
*[[Kuttippuram]]
*[[Athavanad]]
*[[Tirunavaya]]
*[[Marakkara]]
*[[Irimbiliyam]]
*[[Edayur]]
*[[Bharathappuzha]]
*[[Tirur Taluk]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*{{Official website|https://valancherymunicipality.lsgkerala.gov.in/}}

{{Navboxes
| title = Articles Related to Valanchery
| list =
{{Municipalities of Kerala}}
{{Malappuram district}}
{{South Malabar}}
{{Malabar}}
{{Kerala}}
}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Malappuram district]]
[[Category:Kuttippuram area]]

Valanchery - Revision history

49.206.113.166: /* Demographics */